1863 in literature
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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1863.
Events
- January 1 â The essayist and poet Ralph Waldo Emerson commemorates today's Emancipation Proclamation in the United States by composing "Boston Hymn" and surprising a crowd of 3,000 with a debut reading of it at Boston Music Hall.
- January 31 â Jules Verne's novel Five Weeks in a Balloon, or, Journeys and Discoveries in Africa by Three Englishmen (Cinq semaines en ballon) is published by Pierre-Jules Hetzel in Paris. It will be the first of Verne's Voyages Extraordinaires.
- February 3 â Samuel Langhorne Clemens, in signing a humorous letter to the Territorial Enterprise newspaper in Virginia City, Nevada, first uses the pen name Mark Twain.
- February 28 â Flaubert and Turgenev meet for the first time, in Paris.[1]
- June 12 â The Arts Club is founded by Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, Frederic Leighton and others in London's Mayfair, as a social meeting place for those involved or interested in the creative arts.
- June 13 â Samuel Butler's dystopian article "Darwin among the Machines" is published (as by "Cellarius") in The Press newspaper in Christchurch, New Zealand; it will be incorporated into his novel Erewhon (1872).
- November â Mendele Mocher Sforim's first Yiddish language story, "Dos Kleine Menshele" (The Little Man), is published in the Odessa weekly Kol Mevasser.[2]
- December 29 â An estimated 7000 people attend the funeral of William Makepeace Thackeray at Kensington Gardens and nearly 2000 his burial in London's Kensal Green Cemetery.[3]
- unknown dates
- The Freies Deutsches Hochstift association acquires the Goethe House (his 1749 birthplace) in Frankfurt am Main.[4]
- The Romanian Junimea literary society is established in IaÈi. It will exercise a major influence on Romanian culture until the 1910s.[5]
- Elvira, or the Love of a Tyrant, a novel by the Neapolitan author Giuseppe Folliero de Luna, becomes the first published in the Maltese language, as Elvira Jew Imħabba taâ Tirann.
- Peruvian writer Ricardo Palma begins periodical publication of his Peruvian Traditions (Tradiciones peruanas).
- Publication begins in the U.K. of a seminal edition of The Works of William Shakespeare (the "Cambridge Shakespeare"), edited by William George Clark and William Aldis Wright, published by Macmillan and printed by Cambridge University Press.[6]
New books
Fiction
- William Harrison Ainsworth â Cardinal Pole
- Mary Elizabeth Braddon
- Aurora Floyd
- Eleanor's Victory
- John Marchman's Legacy
- Nikolai Chernyshevsky â What Is to Be Done? (â¹Ð§Ñо делаÑÑ?âº, Shto delat'?)
- George Eliot â Romola
- "Charles Felix" (probably Charles Warren Adams) â The Notting Hill Mystery (serialization completed, book form; considered first full-length detective novel in English)[7][8]
- Elizabeth Gaskell
- Théophile Gautier â Captain Fracasse
- Edward Everett Hale â The Man Without a Country
- Mary Jane Holmes â Marian Grey
- Jean Ingelow â "The Prince's Dream" (short story)
- Julia Kavanagh â Queen Mab
- Sheridan Le Fanu â The House by the Churchyard
- John Neal â The White-Faced Pacer, or, Before and After the Battle[9]
- Margaret Oliphant â Salem Chapel, first of The Chronicles of Carlingford (in book form)
- Ouida â Held in Bondage[10]
- Charles Reade â Very Hard Cash (later Hard Cash)
- Miguel RiofrÃo â La Emancipada (the first Ecuadorian novel)
- Anne Thackeray Ritchie â The Story of Elizabeth
- Leo Tolstoy â The Cossacks: A Caucasus Tale of 1852 (â¹Ðазакиâº, Kazaki)
- Anthony Trollope
- Rachel Ray
- The Small House at Allington (serialization continues)
- John Townsend Trowbridge â Cudjo's Cave
- Giovanni Verga â Sulle Lagune (In the Lagoons)
Children and young people
- Charles Kingsley â The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale for a Land Baby (complete in book form)[11]
- Jules Verne â Five Weeks in a Balloon
Drama
- W. S. Gilbert â Uncle Baby
- Tom Taylor â The Ticket-of-Leave Man
Poetry
- RosalÃa de Castro â Cantares gallegos
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow â Tales of a Wayside Inn, including "Paul Revere's Ride"
Non-fiction
- John Austin (posthumously, compiled by Sarah Austin) â Lectures on Jurisprudence
- Samuel Bache â Miracles the Credentials of the Christ
- William Barnes â Glossary of Dorset Dialect
- Henry Walter Bates â The Naturalist on the River Amazons.[12]
- William Wells Brown â The Black Man: His Antecedents, His Genius and His Achievements
- Francis James Child â Observations on the Language of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
- Gustav Freytag â Die Technik des Dramas
- Alexander Gilchrist (posthumously, edited by Anne Gilchrist) â Life of William Blake, "Pictor Ignotus"; with selections from his poems and other writings
- William Howitt â History of the Supernatural
- Fanny Kemble â Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838â1839
- Abraham Lincoln â The Gettysburg Address
- Charles Lyell â Geological Evidences of the Antiquity of Man[12]
- Ernest Renan â The Life of Jesus (Vie de Jésus)
Births
- February 9 â Anthony Hope (Anthony Hope Hawkins), English novelist and playwright (died 1933)
- February 14 â Virginia Frazer Boyle, American author, poet (died 1938)
- March 3 â Arthur Machen (Arthur Llewellyn Jones), Welsh novelist and short story writer (died 1947)
- March 9 â Emelie Tracy Y. Swett, American author (d. 1892)
- March 12 â Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian poet (died 1938)
- March 17 â Olivia Shakespear (née Tucker), British novelist, playwright and patron of the arts (died 1938)
- April 9 â Henry De Vere Stacpoole, Irish novelist (died 1951)
- April 20 â Helen Dortch Longstreet, American social advocate, librarian, and newspaper woman (died 1962)
- April 26 â Arno Holz, German Naturalist poet and dramatist (died 1929)
- April 29 â Constantine Cavafy, Greek Alexandrine poet (died 1933)
- May 27 â Matthew J. Royal, Canadian novelist and playwright (died 1900)[13]
- June 10 â Louis Couperus, Dutch fiction writer (died 1923)
- June 20 â Florence White, English food writer (died 1940)
- July 13 â Margaret Murray, Indian-born English archeologist and historian (died 1963)
- August 7 â Gene Stratton Porter, American novelist and naturalist (died 1924)
- September 1 â Violet Jacob (Violet Kennedy-Erskine), Scottish historical novelist and poet (died 1946)
- September 8 â W. W. Jacobs, English short story writer (died 1943)
- September 22 â Ferenc Herczeg (Franz Herzog), Hungarian dramatist (died 1954)
- November 1
- Charlotte O'Conor Eccles, Irish-born London writer, translator and journalist (died 1911)
- Arthur Morrison, English writer (died 1945)
- November 18 â Richard Dehmel, German poet (died 1920)
- November 21 â Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch (Q.), English novelist and anthologist (died 1944)[14]
- December 16 â George Santayana, American novelist and poet (died 1952)
Deaths
- May 13 â August Hahn, German Protestant theologian (born 1792)
- July 3 â William Barksdale, American journalist and Confederate general (killed in action, born 1821[15]
- July 10 â Clement Clarke Moore, American classicist and poet (born 1779)
- September 17 â Alfred de Vigny, French poet, dramatist and novelist (born 1797)[16]
- September 20 â Jacob Grimm, German philologist and fairy-tale author (born 1785)[17]
- October 6 â Frances Trollope, English novelist and writer (born 1779)
- October 8 â Richard Whately, English theologian and archbishop (born 1787)
- December 13 â Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and dramatist (born 1813)
- December 17 â Ãmile Saisset, French philosopher (born 1814)
- December 24 â William Makepeace Thackeray, Indian-born English novelist and travel writer (stroke, born 1811)[18]