1914 Ontario general election

Canadian provincial election From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 1914 Ontario general election was the 14th general election held in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on June 29, 1914, to elect the 111 Members of the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (MLAs).[1]

Quick facts 111 seats in the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario 56 seats were needed for a majority, First party ...
1914 Ontario general election
← 1911
June 29, 1914
1919 â†’
111 seats in the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
56 seats were needed for a majority
  First party Second party
 
Leader James P. Whitney Newton Rowell
Party Conservative Liberal
Leader since 1896 1911
Leader's seat Dundas Oxford North
Last election 83 22
Seats won 84 24
Seat change Increase1 Increase2
Percentage 55.3% 38.6%
Swing Decrease0.3pp Increase0.1pp
Premier before election

James P. Whitney
Conservative

 Premier after election

James P. Whitney
Conservative

Close

The Ontario Conservative Party, led by Sir James P. Whitney, won a fourth consecutive term in government. Whitney died three months after the election and was succeeded by William Howard Hearst. The Conservatives contested 109 of the 111 ridings, deciding not to have candidates stand in Glengarry (where the Liberal Hugh Munro was acclaimed) and Norfolk North (where the Liberal incumbent Thomas Robert Atkinson was up against a Liberal anti-Temperance candidate).[2] However, dissension within the Tory ranks resulted in a significant number of them campaigning as either independent or temperance candidates.[2]

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Newton Rowell, formed the official opposition.

Independent Labour MLA Allan Studholme was re-elected in Hamilton East. He had held the seat since a 1906 by-election.

The campaign was seen to turn more significantly on the matter of Regulation 17 (which limited instruction in French-language Catholic separate schools), in comparison to temperance issues, and that worked against the Liberals,[3] who placed Prohibition of sales in bars and clubs as a main plank in their platform.[4]

Expansion of the Legislative Assembly

Toronto ridings, as constituted in 1914

An Act passed prior to the election expanded the number of members from 106 to 111, and the number of ridings from 103 to 107.[5] The following changes were made:

The Patricia Portion acquired in 1912 was divided between Cochrane and Kenora.

Electoral system

Most seats filled using first past the post voting in single-member districts.

The eight Toronto MPPs were elected in four two-seat districts where each seat was filled in a separate first past the post contest.

Results

[1]

More information Political party, Party leader ...
Elections to the 14th Parliament of Ontario (1914)
Political party Party leader MPPs Votes
Candidates 1911 Dissol. 1914 ± # % ± (pp)
Conservative James P. Whitney 109 82 84 2Increase 268,548 54.02% 1.57Decrease
Liberal Newton Rowell 90 22 24 2Increase 186,168 37.45% 1.06Decrease
Labour 4 1 1 Steady 6,535 1.31% 1.12Decrease
Independent-Liberal 2 – – 1 1Increase 2,236 0.45% New
  Temperance 9 – – – 13,064 2.63% New
Liberal-Temperance 1 – – 1 1Increase 2,733 0.55% New
Conservative-Temperance 2 – – – 2,222 0.45% 0.02Increase
Prohibitionist 1 – – – 1,302 0.26% New
Liberal–Conservative 1 – 1Decrease Did not campaign
Independent 5 – – – 4,837 0.97% 0.07Increase
Socialist 12 – – – 4,532 0.91% 0.04Increase
Independent-Conservative 4 – – – 4,270 0.86% 0.11Decrease
Liberal-Anti-Temperance 1 – – – 691 0.14% New
Vacant
Total 240 106 106 111 497,138 100.00%
Blank and invalid ballots 7,304
Registered voters / turnout 697,935 72.28% 8.02Increase
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More information Party, Seats ...
Seats and popular vote by party
PartySeatsVotesChange (pp)
Conservative
84 / 111
54.02%
-1.57
 
Liberal
24 / 111
37.45%
-1.06
 
  Temperance factions
1 / 111
3.89%
3.86
 
Other
2 / 111
4.64%
-1.23
 
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Synopsis of results

More information Riding, Winning party ...
Results by riding - 1914 Ontario general election[1]
Riding Winning party Turnout
[6]		 Votes
Name[a 1] 1911 Party Votes Share Margin
#		 Margin
%		 Con Lib Temp Lab Soc I-Lib I-Con LAT Ind Total
 
Addington Con Con 1,84178.27%1,33059.70%71.18%1,841–511––––––2,352
Algoma Con Con 1,95956.50%45113.01%65.22%1,9591,508–––––––3,467
Brant North Con Lib 1,98750.62%491.25%77.56%1,9381,987–––––––3,925
Brant South Con Lib 3,59452.50%3425.00%73.48%3,2523,594–––––––6,846
Brockville Con Con 1,76849.08%46612.94%70.40%1,7684721,302–60––––3,602
Bruce North Lib Lib 1,73650.10%70.20%86.41%1,7291,736–––––––3,465
Bruce South Lib Con 1,82054.77%3179.54%76.76%1,8201,503–––––––3,323
Bruce West Lib Lib 2,15358.84%64717.68%72.10%1,5062,153–––––––3,659
Carleton Con Con 1,71275.92%1,16951.84%46.30%1,712543–––––––2,255
Cochrane New Lib 1,19741.52%280.97%35.89%1,1691,197––517––––2,883
Dufferin Con Con 2,09457.48%54514.96%66.68%2,094–1,549––––––3,643
Dundas Con Con 2,21258.97%67317.94%75.17%2,2121,539–––––––3,751
Durham East Con Con 1,72058.82%51617.65%72.61%1,720–1,204––––––2,924
Durham West Con Con 1,64753.63%2237.26%79.77%1,6471,424–––––––3,071
Elgin East Con Con 2,23454.01%3328.03%77.18%2,2341,902–––––––4,136
Elgin West Con Con 3,38655.92%71711.84%69.16%3,3862,669–––––––6,055
Essex North Con Lib 2,43157.58%64015.16%64.26%1,7912,431–––––––4,222
Essex South Con Lib 2,19650.38%330.76%77.88%2,1632,196–––––––4,359
Fort William Con Con 2,38555.63%48311.27%39.75%2,3851,902–––––––4,287
Frontenac Con Con 1,62355.45%31910.90%64.24%1,623–––––––1,3042,927
Glengarry Lib Lib acclaimed
Grenville Con Con 2,08256.42%47412.85%71.28%2,082–––––1,608––3,690
Grey Centre Con Con 2,40461.47%89722.94%65.52%2,4041,507–––––––3,911
Grey North Lib Con 2,94356.50%67713.00%68.85%2,9432,266–––––––5,209
Grey South Con Con 2,86660.78%1,01721.57%69.21%2,8661,849–––––––4,715
Haldimand Lib Con 2,69253.02%3076.05%81.12%2,6922,385–––––––5,077
Halton Con Con 2,67653.17%3196.34%74.46%2,6762,357–––––––5,033
Hamilton East Lab Lab 4,49656.16%98712.33%61.09%3,509––4,496–––––8,005
Hamilton West Con Con 3,36163.28%1,41126.57%61.36%3,3611,950–––––––5,311
Hastings East Con Con 2,15563.78%93127.55%67.73%2,1551,224–––––––3,379
Hastings North Con Con 2,24779.01%1,65058.02%53.77%2,247597–––––––2,844
Hastings West Con Con 2,34762.67%94925.34%68.31%2,347–––––––1,3983,745
Huron Centre Lib Lib 2,16553.98%3197.95%77.20%1,8462,165–––––––4,011
Huron North Con Con 2,10351.59%1303.19%84.14%2,1031,973–––––––4,076
Huron South Con Con 2,15954.06%3248.11%57.87%2,1591,835–––––––3,994
Kenora Con Con acclaimed
Kent East Lib Lib 2,56653.90%3717.79%73.65%2,1952,566–––––––4,761
Kent West Con Con 4,01750.08%130.16%76.12%4,0174,004–––––––8,021
Kingston Con Con 2,90066.94%1,46833.89%72.51%2,9001,432–––––––4,332
Lambton East Lib Con 2,15450.05%40.09%81.45%2,1542,150–––––––4,304
Lambton West Con Con 3,92455.71%80411.41%74.43%3,9243,120–––––––7,044
Lanark North Con Con 1,66651.88%1213.77%77.60%1,6661,545–––––––3,211
Lanark South Con Con 1,86053.76%54815.84%66.23%1,8601,312–288–––––3,460
Leeds Con Con 2,02555.75%41811.51%69.93%2,0251,607–––––––3,632
Lennox Con Con 1,48553.59%1997.18%76.40%1,4851,286–––––––2,771
Lincoln Con Lib 2,05153.68%2817.35%77.56%1,7702,051–––––––3,821
London Con Con 4,35057.08%1,49619.63%63.27%4,3502,854–417–––––7,621
Manitoulin Con Con 1,16355.38%22610.76%54.14%1,163–937––––––2,100
Middlesex East Lib Con 2,38354.68%4089.36%71.90%2,3831,975–––––––4,358
Middlesex North Con Lib 1,98951.56%1203.11%78.43%1,8691,989–––––––3,858
Middlesex West Lib Lib 1,79862.30%71024.60%75.04%1,0881,798–––––––2,886
Muskoka Con Con 2,05663.09%85326.17%63.44%2,0561,203–––––––3,259
Niagara Falls New Con 2,44454.01%96921.41%66.28%2,4441,475––606––––4,525
Nipissing Con Con 1,63845.46%581.61%55.72%1,6381,580––––––3853,603
Norfolk North Lib Lib 1,92773.61%1,23647.21%58.05%–1,927–––––691–2,618
Norfolk South Con Con 1,38153.24%1686.48%74.20%1,381–1,213––––––2,594
Northumberland East Con Con 2,42657.50%63315.00%71.39%2,4261,793–––––––4,219
Northumberland West Lib Lib 1,60952.26%1394.51%83.58%1,4701,609–––––––3,079
Ontario North Con Con 1,87754.14%2878.28%81.56%1,8771,590–––––––3,467
Ontario South Lib Con 2,77250.47%520.95%75.19%2,7722,720–––––––5,492
Ottawa East Con Lib 2,84353.75%86516.35%64.73%1,9782,843–––468–––5,289
Ottawa West Con Lib 5,01850.54%1081.09%57.43%4,9105,018–––––––9,928
Oxford North Lib Lib 3,04850.94%1131.89%80.84%2,9353,048–––––––5,983
Oxford South Lib Con 2,58250.01%10.02%76.78%2,5822,581–––––––5,163
Parkdale New Con 2,98155.98%63711.96%58.16%2,981–2,344––––––5,325
Parry Sound Con Con 2,77058.84%83217.67%56.57%2,7701,938–––––––4,708
Peel Con Con 2,85556.17%62712.34%73.89%2,8552,228–––––––5,083
Perth North Con Con 3,84055.19%1,11716.05%76.19%3,8402,723––395––––6,958
Perth South Con Con 2,37552.31%2104.63%81.94%2,3752,165–––––––4,540
Peterborough East Con Con 1,78357.76%47915.52%69.57%1,7831,304–––––––3,087
Peterborough West Con Lib 2,58751.69%1693.38%73.48%2,4182,587–––––––5,005
Port Arthur Con Con 2,21949.45%78917.58%58.80%2,2191,430––––––8384,487
Prescott Lib I-Lib 1,76843.01%3498.49%68.21%9241,419–––1,768–––4,111
Prince Edward Con Lib 1,94347.76%972.38%79.31%1,8461,943––––279––4,068
Rainy River L-Con Con 1,19660.22%40620.44%53.23%1,196790–––––––1,986
Renfrew North Con Con 2,54857.76%68515.53%76.39%2,5481,863–––––––4,411
Renfrew South Con Con acclaimed
Riverdale New Con 3,29969.06%1,96241.07%55.73%3,299–1,337–141––––4,777
Russell Lib Lib 3,85173.10%2,43446.20%56.99%1,4173,851–––––––5,268
St. Catharines New Con 2,86368.22%1,52936.43%60.38%2,863––1,334–––––4,197
Sault Ste. Marie Con Con 2,23160.92%80021.85%52.73%2,2311,431–––––––3,662
Simcoe Centre Con Con 2,24753.27%2766.54%73.17%2,2471,971–––––––4,218
Simcoe East Con Con 3,29357.90%89915.81%67.00%3,2932,394–––––––5,687
Simcoe South Con Con 1,44766.62%72233.24%59.86%1,447725–––––––2,172
Simcoe West Con Con 2,23366.05%1,08532.09%64.58%2,233–1,148––––––3,381
Stormont Con Con 2,43651.46%1382.92%69.88%2,4362,298–––––––4,734
Sturgeon Falls Lib Lib 1,65075.65%1,11951.31%62.51%5311,650–––––––2,181
Sudbury Con Con 2,04754.78%3579.55%53.61%2,0471,690–––––––3,737
Timiskaming Con Con 2,83848.45%73112.48%50.34%2,8382,107––––––9125,857
Toronto Northeast - A New Con 5,95658.25%1,68716.50%58.97%5,9564,269–––––––10,225
Toronto Northeast - B New Con 5,66655.86%1,18911.72%58.50%5,6664,477–––––––10,143
Toronto Northwest - A New Con 6,15361.59%2,31523.17%53.24%6,1533,838–––––––9,991
Toronto Northwest - B New Con 5,97459.86%2,51225.17%41.57%5,9743,462––544––––9,980
Toronto Southeast - A New Con 4,29671.85%2,87648.10%53.41%4,2961,420––263––––5,979
Toronto Southeast - B New Con 4,36273.36%2,77846.72%53.41%4,3621,584–––––––5,946
Toronto Southwest - A New Con 6,12768.84%3,69647.61%52.45%6,1272,431––342––––8,900
Toronto Southwest - B New Con 6,50972.32%4,01848.15%52.76%6,5092,491–––––––9,000
Victoria North New Con 1,47459.36%46518.73%52.67%1,474–1,009––––––2,483
Victoria South New Con 2,23255.48%54513.55%74.50%2,2321,687––104––––4,023
Waterloo North Con Con 3,78756.40%1,45421.65%69.35%3,787–2,333–595––––6,715
Waterloo South Con Con 3,25150.73%85613.36%66.55%3,2512,395––762––––6,408
Welland Con Con 2,54159.90%84019.80%63.89%2,541–1,701––––––4,242
Wellington East Lib Lib 1,94655.05%35710.10%75.49%1,5891,946–––––––3,535
Wellington South Con L-Tmp 2,73349.11%1041.87%76.42%2,629–2,733–203––––5,565
Wellington West Con Con 1,72052.20%1454.40%76.80%1,7201,575–––––––3,295
Wentworth North Lib Con 1,58650.33%210.67%78.05%1,5861,565–––––––3,151
Wentworth South Con Con 1,70455.72%35011.45%71.28%1,7041,354–––––––3,058
Windsor New Lib 2,30942.59%3987.34%59.38%3,112[a]2,309–––––––5,421
York East Con Con 3,67156.51%84613.02%58.62%3,6712,825–––––––6,496
York North Con Con 2,82652.42%2614.84%81.09%2,8262,565–––––––5,391
York West Con Con acclaimed
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  1. [1]
    order is as given in EO reports
  = open seat
  = turnout is above provincial average
  = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
  = incumbent had switched allegiance
  = previously incumbent in another riding
  = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
  = incumbency arose from byelection gain
  = incumbency arose from prior election result being overturned by the court
  = other incumbents renominated
  = joint Conservative candidate
  = Prohibition candidate
  = joint Liberal candidate
  = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
  = multiple candidates

Analysis

More information Party in 1st place, Party in 2nd place ...
Party candidates in 2nd place[1]
Party in 1st placeParty in 2nd placeTotal
AcclConLibLabTempC-TmpIndI-ConProhLAT
Conservative 36519221184
Liberal 122124
Labour 11
Independent Liberal 11
Liberal-Temperance 11
Total 424661922111111
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More information Parties, Accl ...
Candidates ranked 1st to 4th place, by party[1]
PartiesAccl1st2nd3rd4th
█ Conservative 381242
█ Liberal 123661
█ Labour 112
█ Independent Liberal 11
█ Liberal-Temperance 1
█ Temperance 9
█ Independent 23
█ Conservative-Temperance 2
█ Independent Conservative 11
█ Liberal Anti-Temperance 1
█ Prohibitionist 1
█ Socialist 111
Close
More information Source, Party ...
Resulting composition of the 10th Legislative Assembly of Ontario[1]
SourceParty
Con Lib Lab I-Lib L-Tmp Total
Seats retainedIncumbents returned 529162
Acclamations 314
Open seats held 628
Seats changing handsIncumbents defeated 46111
Open seats gained 246
Byelection gains held 22
Incumbent changed allegiance 112
New seatsNew MLAs 628
Previously incumbent 88
Total 8424111111
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Results summary by region

More information Region, Candidates ...
Distribution of seats and popular vote %, by party by region (1914)
Region Candidates Seats Vote share (%)
Con Lib Temp Soc Ind Lab Ind-Con Ind-Lib Lib-Anti-T Total Con Lib Lab Ind-Lib L-Temp Con Lib Temp Lab Ind Soc Ind-Lib Ind-Con Lib-Anti-T
Northern Ontario1210113––––27102–––50.66%39.96%2.45%–5.58%1.35%–––
Ottawa Valley98–––1–2–2053–1–44.86%48.49%–0.76%––5.89%––
St Lawrence Valley6611––1––1561–––56.54%30.95%5.48%––0.25%–6.77%–
Georgian Bay871––––––1671–––58.31%38.11%3.58%––––––
Central Ontario1510312–1––32123–––57.45%30.92%5.45%–5.41%0.21%–0.56%–
Wentworth-Halton-Niagara9611–2–––19711––54.31%26.01%4.11%14.10%–1.47%–––
Midwestern Ontario211844––––148147––150.49%39.09%7.78%––1.94%––0.69%
Southwestern Ontario1413–––1–––2876–––51.70%47.67%–0.62%–––––
Peel-York-Ontario65–––––––116––––54.00%46.00%–––––––
Toronto10824–––––2410––––63.94%29.87%4.59%––1.61%–––
Total11091131254221240842411154.40%37.54%3.89%1.31%0.97%0.91%0.45%0.38%0.14%
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MLAs elected by region and riding

Party designations are as follows:

  Conservative
  Liberal
  Labour

Italicized names indicate members returned by acclamation.

Reorganization of ridings

The newly created ridings returned the following MLAs:

More information Riding, Party ...
1911 1914
Riding Party Riding Party
Essex North █ Conservative Essex North █ Liberal
Windsor █ Liberal
Monck █ Liberal Lincoln █ Liberal
Lincoln █ Conservative
Withdrawn from Lincoln St. Catharines █ Conservative
Welland █ Conservative Niagara Falls █ Conservative
Welland
Timiskaming █ Conservative Timiskaming █ Conservative
Cochrane █ Liberal
Bruce Centre █ Liberal Bruce West █ Liberal
Toronto ridings: █ Conservative
(8 MLAs)		 Parkdale █ Conservative
Riverdale █ Conservative
Toronto Northeast A █ Conservative
B █ Conservative
Toronto Northwest A █ Conservative
B █ Conservative
Toronto Southeast A █ Conservative
B █ Conservative
Toronto Southwest A █ Conservative
B █ Conservative
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Seats that changed hands

More information Party, Gain from (loss to) ...
Elections to the 12th Parliament of Ontario – unaltered seats won/lost by party, 1911–1914
Party 1911 Gain from (loss to) 1914
Con Lib Lab I-Lib L-Tmp L-Con
Conservative 718(8)(1)171
Liberal 208(8)(1)19
Labour 11
Independent-Liberal[a 1] –11
Liberal-Temperance –11
Liberal–Conservative[a 2] 1(1)–
Total939(9)9(9)–––(1)–(1)1–93
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  1. [1]
    Gustave Évanturel (Prescott) was originally elected as a Liberal in 1911.
  2. [2]
    James Arthur Mathieu (Rainy River) campaigned as a Conservative and won.

There were 20 seats that changed allegiance in the election:

Acclamations

More information Party, Riding ...
Candidates returned by acclamation
PartyRidingCandidate
 ConservativeKenoraHarold Arthur Clement Machin
Renfrew SouthThomas William McGarry
York WestForbes Godfrey
Liberal GlengarryHugh Munro
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When nominations closed, three candidates were acclaimed.[2] A later withdrawal in Kenora enabled the acclamation of Harold Arthur Clement Machin.[8]

Forbes Godfrey (York West) was acclaimed because the Liberal candidate was held to have missed the deadline by one minute.[2] In Wellington East, the Liberals opted not to press a similar case against the Conservative candidate, whose nomination papers were filed 90 minutes after the deadline.[9]

See also

Notes and references

Further reading

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