1918 in France
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Events from the year 1918 in France.
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Incumbents
Events
- 21 March â Operation Michael begins in the vicinity of Saint-Quentin, launching Germany's Spring Offensive.
- 23 March â The giant German cannon, called the Paris Gun, begins to shell Paris from 114 km (71 mi) away.
- 27 May â The Third Battle of the Aisne begins, an attempt by the Germans to capture the Chemin des Dames Ridge before the arrival of the American Expeditionary Force to support France.
- 1 June â The Battle of Belleau Wood begins, near the Marne River.[1]
- 6 June â Third Battle of the Aisne ends with the German advance halted after initial gains.
- 26 June â Battle of Belleau Wood ends in Allied victory.
- 15 July â The Second Battle of the Marne begins, the last major German offensive on the Western Front.[2]
- 18 July-22 July â The Battle of Soissons is fought between the French (with American assistance) and German armies.[3]
- 5 August â Second Battle of the Marne ends with Allied victory.
- 8 August â Battle of Amiens begins.
- 12 September â British victory in Battle of Havrincourt.[4]
- 12 September-15 September â Battle of Saint-Mihiel, Allied victory.
- 18 September â British victory in the Battle of Ãpehy.
- 8 October-10 October â The Battle of Cambrai ends in a decisive Allied victory.
- 7 November â The Anglo-French Declaration is signed between France and the United Kingdom, agreeing to implement a "complete and final liberation" of countries that had been part of the Ottoman Empire.
- 11 November â Battle of Amiens ends, when the armistice is signed.[5]
Births
- 6 February â Marcel Mouly, artist (died 2008)
- 25 April â Alain Savary, politician and Minister (died 1988)
- 25 April â Gérard de Vaucouleurs, astronomer (died 1995)
- 11 May â Roger Trézel, bridge player (died 1986)
- 26 June â Roger Voisin, trumpeter (died 2008)
- 26 August â Marcel Bleibtreu, Trotskyist activist and theorist (died 2001)
- 31 August â Camille Bonnet, rugby union player (died 2020)
- 14 September â Paul Bonneau, composer (died 1995)
- 30 September â René Rémond, historian and political economist (died 2007)
- 6 October â André Pilette, motor racing driver (died 1993)
- 16 October â Louis Althusser, Marxist philosopher (died 1990)
- 22 October â René de Obaldia, playwright (died 2022)
- 7 November â Paul Aussaresses, general (died 2013)
- 8 December â Gérard Souzay, baritone (died 2004)
- 16 December â Pierre Delanoë, songwriter/lyricist (died 2006)
- 30 December â Lucien Leduc, soccer player and manager (died 2004)
Full date unknown
- Madeleine Giteau, historian (died 2005)
- Gilbert Martineau, author and curator of the French properties on St Helena (died 1995)
Deaths
- 9 January â Charles-Ãmile Reynaud, science teacher, responsible for the first animated films (born 1844)
- 23 March â Hans Gottfried von Häbler, World War I German flying ace (born 1893)
- 25 March â Claude Debussy, composer (born 1862)
- 25 August â Henri Chantavoine, writer (born 1850)
- 5 October â Roland Garros, aviator and World War I fighter pilot (born 1888)
- 12 October â Ãmile Ãtienne Guimet, industrialist, traveller and connoisseur (born 1836)
- 13 October â Marcel Deprez, electrical engineer (born 1843)
- 9 November â Guillaume Apollinaire, poet, writer and art critic (born 1880)
- 3 December â Ãtienne Destot, radiologist and anatomist (born 1864)
- 22 December â Philippe Alexandre Jules Künckel d'Herculais, entomologist (born 1843)
Full date unknown
- Thérèse Humbert, fraudster (born 1856)