1984 Herut leadership election
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The 1984 Herut leadership election was held on 12 April 1984[1] to elect the leader of the Herut party. It saw the members of Herut's Central Committee reelect Yitzhak Shamir (the incumbent leader and incumbent prime minister), who defeated a challenge from former defense minister Ariel Sharon as well as lawyer Aryeh Chertok.
Herut was the main party of the Likud coalition,[2] making its leader also the leader of that coalition. Party leaders in Israel are typically the party's candidate to be prime minister in Knesset elections.[3] The election was held in advanced of the July 23, 1984 Knesset election.[4]
- Aryeh Chertok, lawyer[1]
- Yitzhak Shamir, incumbent leader and incumbent prime minister
- Ariel Sharon, member of the Knesset, minister without portfolio, former minister of Defense, former minister of agriculture
Campaign
Sharon announced his candidacy on 9 February 1984, in a speech to students at Bar-Ilan University.[3] Sharon was regarded to be a very controversial figure in Israeli's politics. Before this challenge to Shamir, Sharon had been sidelined in politics for roughly a year, after having been made to resign as defense minister in February 1983 following a government judicial commission inquiry which found him derelict in duty, faulting him for having not managed to prevent the Sabra and Shatila massacre.[2][4][3] Sharon's leadership challenge was an effort at a political comeback, aiming to at least receive his position of minister of defense (which was regarded by many the second most-important position in Israeli government, behind prime minister).[2] At the time, Sharon was regarded as a hardliner on issues related to Arabs, both domestically and foreign.[2][4] During his leadership campaign, Sharon portrayed himself as an underdog hoping to rehabilitate his reputation from what he portrayed to be an unfair degradation. During his campaign, he traveled across the nation to local Herut chapters.[4] He claimed the government inquiry that had led to his ouster as defense minister was unfair, decrying it as, "a mark of Cain on my forehead."[4] Sharon, despite being disgraced by judicial commission inquiry, retained a dedicated base of support among right-wing nationalists.[3]
Election procedure
The electorate for the leadership election were the 3,000 members of Herut's Central Committee.[5][6] A week before the vote, the party moved to change the required threshold to avoid a runoff election to 40% from the previous 50%.[5]
