1993 Galician regional election
Election in the Spanish region of Galicia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A regional election was held in Galicia on 17 October 1993 to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.
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2.1% 4.7 pp | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 October 1993
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All 75 seats in the Parliament of Galicia 38 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Registered | 2,293,169 2.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 1,472,017 (64.2%) 4.7 pp | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Constituency results map for the Parliament of Galicia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The People's Party (PP) won with an increased absolute majority over 1989, resulting in Manuel Fraga being re-elected for a second term in office as President of Galicia. The Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) suffered from a crisis of leadership and from a desire of punishment to the national government of Felipe González, losing many votes in the way. Meanwhile, the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) began to appear as the main alternative to power thanks to its spokesman, Xosé Manuel Beiras's, charisma.[1][2][3]
The Galician Unity coalition of United Left (EU) and the Galician Socialist Party–Galician Left (PSG–EG) did not enter Parliament due to a change of the electoral law which raised the electoral threshold from 3% to 5%. Galician Coalition (CG) also failed to enter Parliament, and only got 0.4% of the share.[4]
Overview
Under the 1981 Statute of Autonomy, the Parliament of Galicia was the unicameral legislature of the homonymous autonomous community, having legislative power in devolved matters, as well as the ability to grant or withdraw confidence from a regional president.[5] The electoral and procedural rules were supplemented by national law provisions.[6]
Date
The term of the Parliament of Galicia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than 25 days before the scheduled expiration date of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Journal of Galicia (DOG), with election day taking place between 54 and 60 days after the decree's publication.[7] The previous election was held on 17 December 1989, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 17 December 1993. The election decree was required to be published in the DOG no later than 23 November 1993, setting the latest possible date for election day on 22 January 1994.
The regional president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament of Galicia at any given time and call a snap election, provided that it did not occur before one year after a previous one under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.[8]
The Parliament of Galicia was officially dissolved on 24 August 1993 with the publication of the corresponding decree in the DOG, setting election day for 17 October and scheduling for the chamber to reconvene on 16 November.[9]
Electoral system
Voting for the Parliament was based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Galicia and with full political rights, provided that they had not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence, nor were legally incapacitated.[10]
The Parliament of Galicia had a minimum of 60 and a maximum of 80 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 75. All were elected in four multi-member constituencies—corresponding to the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra, each of which was assigned an initial minimum of 10 seats and the remaining 35 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a five[b] percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency.[12] The use of this electoral method resulted in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution.[13]
As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Parliament constituency was entitled the following seats:[14]
| Seats | Constituencies |
|---|---|
| 24 | La Coruña |
| 21 | Pontevedra |
| 15 | Lugo, Orense |
The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term were filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.[15]
Outgoing parliament
The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the chamber at the time of dissolution.[16][17]
Parties and candidates
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list.[18]
Below is a list of the main parties and alliances which contested the election:
| Candidacy | Parties and alliances |
Leading candidate | Ideology | Previous result | Gov. | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vote % | Seats | ||||||||
| PP | List
|
|
Manuel Fraga | Conservatism Christian democracy |
44.0% | 38 |  |
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| PSdeG– PSOE |
List
|
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Antolín Sánchez | Social democracy | 32.7% | 28 |  |
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| BNG | List
|
.jpg) |
Xosé Manuel Beiras | Galician nationalism Left-wing nationalism Socialism |
9.3% [a] |
5 | |
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| EU–UG | List
|
.jpg) |
Camilo Nogueira | Socialism Communism |
5.3% [c] |
2 | |
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| CG | List
|
 |
César Quintián Noas | Galician nationalism Liberalism Christian democracy |
3.6% | 2 | |
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Opinion polls
The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.
Voting intention estimates
The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Galicia.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | Turnout |  |
 |
BNG |  |
CG |  |
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 regional election | 17 Oct 1993 | N/a | 64.2 | 52.1 43 |
23.7 19 |
18.4 13 |
[d] | 0.4 0 |
3.0 0 |
28.4 |
| Demoscopia/El País[p 1][p 2] | 10 Oct 1993 | 2,500 | 66 | 51.9 43 |
25.5 19/21 |
15.4 11 |
[d] | – | 3.8 0/2 |
26.4 |
| ICP–Research/Diario 16[p 3][p 4][p 5] | 10 Oct 1993 | ? | 61.9 | 47.0 39/43 |
27.8 22/24 |
13.3 9/10 |
[d] | – | ? 0/2 |
19.2 |
| Sigma Dos/El Mundo[p 3][p 4] | 10 Oct 1993 | ? | ? | ? 39 |
? 24 |
? 11 |
[d] | – | ? 1 |
? |
| Eco Consulting/Faro de Vigo[p 3][p 4][p 5] | 10 Oct 1993 | ? | ? | ? 40/42 |
? 20/22 |
? 11/12 |
[d] | – | ? 2 |
? |
| Ecom 6/El Correo Gallego[p 3][p 4][p 5] | 10 Oct 1993 | ? | ? | ? 38/41 |
? 21/25 |
? 10/12 |
[d] | – | ? 0/2 |
? |
| Gallup/La Voz de Galicia[p 4] | 10 Oct 1993 | ? | ? | ? 40/43 |
? 22 |
? 9 |
[d] | – | ? 2/3 |
? |
| Sondaxe/La Voz de Galicia[p 6] | 3 Oct 1993 | ? | ? | 51.0 40 |
24.1 20/21 |
16.5 12 |
[d] | – | ? 1/2 |
26.9 |
| PP[p 6] | 3 Oct 1993 | 1,800 | ? | ? 38/42 |
? 22/24 |
? 10/12 |
[d] | – | ? 0/1 |
? |
| ABC[p 7] | 17 Sep 1993 | ? | ? | ? 38 |
? 23 |
? 13 |
[d] | – | ? 1 |
? |
| 1993 general election | 6 Jun 1993 | N/a | 69.6 | 47.1 (38) |
36.0 (29) |
8.0 (6) |
[d] | 0.3 (0) |
4.7 (2) |
11.1 |
| IMOP[p 8] | 18–29 May 1990 | ? | ? | 45.2 | 30.6 | 9.6 | – | – | – | 14.6 |
| 1989 regional election | 17 Dec 1989 | N/a | 59.5 | 44.0 38 |
32.7 28 |
8.0 5 |
3.8 2 |
3.6 2 |
1.5 0 |
11.3 |
Voting preferences
The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | |
|
BNG | |
CG | |
 |
 |
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 regional election[e] | 17 Oct 1993 | N/a | 32.7 | 14.7 | 11.7 | [d] | 0.3 | 1.9 | N/a | 34.2 | 18.0 |
| CIS[p 9][p 10] | 24 Sep–5 Oct 1993 | 2,199 | 27.7 | 12.9 | 10.8 | [d] | 0.4 | 3.1 | 37.3 | 5.9 | 14.8 |
| 1993 general election[e] | 6 Jun 1993 | N/a | 33.6 | 25.2 | 5.8 | [d] | 0.2 | 3.4 | N/a | 28.7 | 8.4 |
| CIS[p 11][p 12] | 7–19 Nov 1992 | 2,192 | 20.3 | 13.3 | 6.6 | 2.8 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 42.1 | 11.6 | 7.0 |
| 1989 regional election[e] | 17 Dec 1989 | N/a | 25.8 | 19.0 | 4.7 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 0.9 | N/a | 40.8 | 6.8 |
Victory preferences
The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | |
|
Other/ None |
|
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CIS[p 9] | 24 Sep–5 Oct 1993 | 2,199 | 36.0 | 20.4 | 10.2 | 33.4 | 15.6 |
Victory likelihood
The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | |
|
Other/ None |
|
Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CIS[p 9] | 24 Sep–5 Oct 1993 | 2,199 | 59.5 | 4.1 | 6.5 | 29.9 | 55.4 |
Results
Overall
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| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | |||||||
| People's Party (PP) | 763,839 | 52.14 | +8.12 | 43 | +5 | ||||||
| Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) | 346,831 | 23.68 | −9.00 | 19 | −9 | ||||||
| Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)1 | 269,233 | 18.38 | +9.05 | 13 | +8 | ||||||
| United Left–Galician Unity (EU–UG)2 | 44,902 | 3.07 | −2.20 | 0 | −2 | ||||||
| Galician Coalition (CG) | 6,098 | 0.42 | −3.22 | 0 | −2 | ||||||
| Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) | 5,293 | 0.36 | −0.17 | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| The Greens of Galicia (Os Verdes) | 4,682 | 0.32 | +0.08 | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| Galician Alternative (AG) | 3,187 | 0.22 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| The Ecologists (LE) | 2,987 | 0.20 | −0.01 | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| Humanist Citizen Platform (PCH) | 2,508 | 0.17 | +0.11 | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| United People's Assembly (APU) | 1,492 | 0.10 | New | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| Coalition for a New Socialist Party (NPS)3 | 503 | 0.03 | ±0.00 | 0 | ±0 | ||||||
| Blank ballots | 13,355 | 0.91 | +0.51 | ||||||||
| Total | 1,464,910 | 75 | ±0 | ||||||||
| Valid votes | 1,464,910 | 99.52 | +0.34 | ||||||||
| Invalid votes | 7,107 | 0.48 | −0.34 | ||||||||
| Votes cast / turnout | 1,472,017 | 64.19 | +4.69 | ||||||||
| Abstentions | 821,152 | 35.81 | −4.69 | ||||||||
| Registered voters | 2,293,169 | ||||||||||
| Sources[16][19] | |||||||||||
Footnotes:
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Distribution by constituency
Aftermath
Notes
- Does not include non-resident citizens.