2001 Nepal census

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CountryNepal
AuthorityCentral Bureau of Statistics
Websitewww.cbs.gov.np
Total population23,151,423 (Increase25.20%)
2001 Nepal Census
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2001
2011 →
General information
CountryNepal
AuthorityCentral Bureau of Statistics
Websitewww.cbs.gov.np
Results
Total population23,151,423 (Increase25.20%)
Most populous Development RegionCentral (8,031,629)
Least populous Development RegionFar-Western (2,191,330)

The 2001 Nepal census (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०५८) was the 10th national census of Nepal. It was conducted by Central Bureau of Statistics. According to the census, the population of Nepal in 2001 was 23,151,423.[1][2]

Working with Nepal's Village Development Committees at a district level, data was recorded from all the main towns and villages of each district of Nepal. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.[3]

During the 2001 Nepal census, the field enumeration was significantly disrupted by political instability and the ongoing Maoist insurgency (Nepalese Civil War), resulting in incomplete data collection in many parts of the country. Due to Maoist insurgency, census staff were unable to carry out enumeration in 957 wards (including two urban wards) across 12 districts, leading to gaps in the official household and population counts. In 83 Village Development Committees (VDCs), complete enumeration was not possible and 747 wards were entirely affected, while additional wards in other VDCs and municipalities were partially impacted. In particularly hard-hit districts such as Salyan and Kalikot, even the basic household listing was interrupted. The population figures for affected areas were estimated based on partial listings and demographic estimation procedures rather than full enumeration. [4][5]

Key findings

The key findings of 2001 census are as follows:[1][6]

Total population 23,151,423
Intercensal change 4,660,326
Intercensal change percentage 25.20%
Annual growth rate 2.25%
Population density (per km2) 157.3
Male population 11,563,921
Female population 11,587,502
Gender ratio 99.8
Literacy rate 54.1%

Out of the total population figure, 22,738,934 represents the enumerated population, while 414,489 represents the estimated population from areas where enumeration was affected.[5]

Population distribution

Population by ecological region (2001)[5][1]
Ecological region Population Percentage (%) Sex ratio Annual growth rate (%) Density (per km2)
Mountain 1,687,859 7.3 98.39 1.57 32.57
Hill 10,251,111 44.3 95.84 1.97 167.11
Terai 11,212,453 48.4 103.77 2.62 329.59
Nepal 23,151,423 100 99.80 2.25 157.30
Population by development region (2001)[5][1]
Development region Population Percentage (%) Sex ratio Annual growth rate (%) Density (per km2)
Eastern 5,344,476 23.09 100 1.84 187.82
Central 8,031,629 34.69 105 2.61 293.02
Western 4,571,013 19.74 93 1.92 155.49
Mid-Western 3,012,975 13.01 99 2.26 71.10
Far-Western 2,191,330 9.47 98 2.70 112.15
Nepal 23,151,423 100 100 2.25 157.30

Population by district

Population by district[5][7]
S.N Eco-Development

Region[a]

 District Population Sex ratio Annual growth

rate (%)

 Density (per km2)
1 Eastern Mountain Taplejung 134,698 97 1.15 37
2 Sankhuwasabha 159,203 96 1.15 46
3 Solukhumbu 107,686 98 1.02 33
4 Eastern Hill Panchthar 202,056 96 1.43 163
5 Ilam 282,806 101 2.10 166
6 Dhankuta 166,479 97 1.29 187
7 Tehrathum 113,111 94 0.95 167
8 Bhojpur 203,018 93 0.21 135
9 Okhaldhunga 156,702 93 1.17 146
10 Khotang 231,385 95 0.69 145
11 Udayapur 287,689 100 2.63 139
12 Eastern Tarai Jhapa[b] 688,109 99 1.48 428
13 Morang 843,220 101 2.23 455
14 Sunsari 625,633 102 3.00 498
15 Saptari 570,282 104 2.03 418
16 Siraha[b] 572,399 106 2.17 482
17 Central Mountain Dolakha[b] 204,229 96 1.65 93
18 Sindhupalchok[b] 305,857 99 1.59 120
19 Rasuwa 44,731 109 1.97 29
20 Central Hill Sindhuli[b] 279,821 99 2.23 112
21 Ramechhap 212,408 90 1.22 137
22 Kavrepalanchok 385,672 96 1.73 276
23 Lalitpur 337,785 104 2.73 877
24 Bhaktapur 225,461 104 2.65 1,895
25 Kathmandu 1,081,845 114 4.71 2,739
26 Nuwakot 288,478 98 1.62 257
27 Dhading 338,658 96 1.97 176
28 Makwanpur 392,604 103 2.22 162
29 Central Terai Dhanusa 671,364 109 2.11 569
30 Mahottari 553,481 108 2.29 552
31 Sarlahi 635,701 107 2.55 505
32 Rautahat 545,132 107 2.75 484
33 Bara 559,135 107 2.96 470
34 Parsa 497,219 110 2.89 367
35 Chitwan 472,048 99 2.86 213
36 Western Mountain Manang 9,587 111 5.81 4
37 Mustang 14,981 120 0.47 4
38 Western Hill Gorkha 288,134 87 1.32 80
39 Lamjung 177,149 89 1.42 105
40 Tanahun 315,237 87 1.62 204
41 Syangja 317,320 83 0.78 273
42 Kaski 380,527 95 2.62 189
43 Myagdi 114,447 87 1.29 50
44 Parbat 157,826 86 0.95 319
45 Baglung 268,937 85 1.46 151
46 Gulmi 296,654 82 1.08 258
47 Palpa 268,558 87 1.28 196
48 Arghakhanchi 208,391 86 1.42 175
49 Western Terai Nawalparasi 562,870 98 2.55 260
50 Rupandehi 708,419 104 3.05 521
51 Kapilvastu 481,976 106 2.60 277
52 Mid-Western Mountain Dolpa[b] 29,545 99 1.67 4
53 Jumla[b] 89,427 105 1.63 35
54 Kalikot[b] 105,580 102 1.73 61
55 Mugu[b] 43,937 103 1.89 12
56 Humla 40,595 107 1.66 7
57 Mid-Western Hill Pyuthan 212,484 86 1.91 162
58 Rolpa 210,004 94 1.56 112
59 Rukum 188,438 103 1.92 65
60 Salyan[b] 213,500 100 1.61 146
61 Surkhet[b] 288,527 98 2.45 118
62 Dailekh 225,201 96 1.84 150
63 Jajarkot 134,868 103 1.68 60
64 Mid-Western Terai Dang 462,380 98 2.66 156
65 Banke 385,840 106 3.01 165
66 Bardiya 382,649 101 2.76 189
67 Far-Western Mountain Bajura[b] 108,781 98 1.67 50
68 Bajhang 167,026 93 1.83 49
69 Darchula 121,996 96 1.82 53
70 Far-Western Hill Achham 231,285 89 1.54 138
71 Doti 207,066 100 2.14 102
72 Dadeldhura 126,162 94 1.87 82
73 Baitadi 234,418 94 1.55 154
74 Far-Western Terai Kailali 616,697 103 3.89 191
75 Kanchanpur 377,899 103 3.82 235
Nepal 23,151,423 100 2.25 157

Population by caste/ethnicity

Population by caste/ethnicity (2001)[8][5]
S.N. Caste/ethnicity Population (enumerated figures only) Percentage (%)
1 Kshetri/Chhetri 3,593,496 15.80
2 Brahmin-Hill (Bahun) 2,896,477 12.74
3 Magar 1,622,421 7.14
4 Tharu 1,533,879 6.75
5 Tamang 1,282,304 5.64
6 Newar 1,245,232 5.48
7 Muslim 971,056 4.27
8 Kami 895,954 3.94
9 Yadav 895,423 3.94
10 Rai 635,151 2.79
11 Gurung 543,571 2.39
12 Damai/Dholi 390,305 1.72
13 Limbu 359,379 1.58
14 Thakuri 334,120 1.47
15 Sarki 318,989 1.40
16 Teli 304,536 1.34
17 Chamar/Harijan/Ram 269,661 1.19
18 Koiri 251,274 1.11
19 Kurmi 212,842 0.94
20 Sanyasi 199,127 0.88
21 Dhanuk 188,150 0.83
22 Musahar 172,434 0.76
23 Dushad/Paswan/Pasi 158,525 0.70
24 Sherpa 154,622 0.68
25 Sonar 145,088 0.64
26 Kewat 136,953 0.60
27 Brahmin-Terai 134,496 0.59
28 Baniya 126,971 0.56
29 Gharti/Bhujel 117,568 0.52
30 Mallaha 115,968 0.51
31 Kalwar 115,606 0.51
32 Kumal 99,389 0.44
33 Hajam/Thakur 98,169 0.43
34 Kanu 95,826 0.42
35 Rajbanshi 95,812 0.42
36 Sunuwar 95,524 0.42
37 Sudhi 89,846 0.40
38 Lohar 82,367 0.36
39 Tatma 76,512 0.34
40 Khatwe 74,972 0.33
41 Dhobi 73,413 0.32
42 Majhi 72,614 0.32
43 Nuniya 66,873 0.29
44 Kumhar 54,413 0.24
45 Danuwar 53,229 0.23
46 Chepang(Praja) 52,237 0.23
47 Halwai 50,585 0.22
48 Rajput 48,454 0.21
49 Kayastha 46,071 0.20
50 Badahi 45,975 0.20
51 Marwadi 43,971 0.19
52 Santhal/Satar 42,698 0.19
53 Dhagar/Jhangar 41,764 0.18
54 Bantar 35,839 0.16
55 Barae 35,434 0.16
56 Kahar 34,531 0.15
57 Gangai 31,318 0.14
58 Lodha 24,738 0.11
59 Rajbhar 24,263 0.11
60 Thami 22,999 0.10
61 Dhimal 19,537 0.09
62 Bhote 19,261 0.08
63 Bind/Binda 18,720 0.08
64 Bhediya/Gaderi 17,729 0.08
65 Nurang 17,522 0.08
66 Yakkha 17,003 0.07
67 Darai 14,589 0.07
68 Tajpuriya 13,250 0.06
69 Thakali 12,973 0.06
70 Chidimar 12,296 0.05
71 Pahari 11,505 0.05
72 Mali 11,390 0.05
73 Bengali 9,860 0.04
74 Chhantel 9,814 0.04
75 Dom 8,931 0.04
76 Kamar 8,761 0.04
77 Bote 7,969 0.04
78 Brahmu/Baramu 7,383 0.03
79 Gaine 5,887 0.03
80 Jirel 5,316 0.02
81 Adibasi/Janajati 5,259 0.02
82 Dura 5,169 0.02
83 Churaute 4,893 0.02
84 Badi 4,442 0.02
85 Meche 3,763 0.02
86 Lepcha 3,660 0.02
87 Halkhor 3,621 0.02
88 Punjabi/Sikh 3,054 0.01
89 Kisan 2,876 0.01
90 Raji 2,399 0.01
91 Byansi 2,103 0.01
92 Hayu 1,821 0.01
93 Koche 1,429 0.01
94 Dhuniya 1,231 0.01
95 Walung 1,148 0.01
96 Jain 1,015 0.00
97 Munda 660 0.00
98 Raute 658 0.00
99 Hyalmo 579 0.00
100 Patharkatta/Kushwadiya 552 0.00
101 Kusunda 164 0.00
102 Dalit-unidentified 173,401 0.76
103 Caste/ethnicity-unidentified 231,641 1.02
Total 22,736,934 100

Population by language

Languages by number of native speakers (2001)[7][5]
S.N. Language Number of speakers (enumerated figures only) Percentage (%)
1 Nepali 11,053,255 48.61
2 Maithili 2,797,582 12.30
3 Bhojpuri 1,712,536 7.53
4 Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 1,331,546 5.86
5 Tamang 1,179,145 5.19
6 Newar 825,458 3.63
7 Magar 770,116 3.39
8 Awadhi 560,744 2.47
9 Bantawa 371,056 1.63
10 Gurung 338,925 1.49
11 Limbu 333,633 1.47
12 Bajjika 237,947 1.05
13 Urdu 174,840 0.77
14 Rajbanshi 129,829 0.57
15 Sherpa 129,771 0.57
16 Hindi 105,765 0.47
17 Chamling 44,093 0.19
18 Santhali 40,260 0.18
19 Chepang 36,807 0.16
20 Danuwar 31,849 0.14
21 Jhangar/Dhangar 28,615 0.13
22 Sunuwar 26,611 0.12
23 Bengali/Bangla 23,602 0.10
24 Marwari (Rajsthani) 22,637 0.10
25 Majhi 21,841 0.10
26 Thami 18,991 0.08
27 Kulung 18,686 0.08
28 Dhimal 17,308 0.08
29 Angika 15,892 0.07
30 Yakkha 14,648 0.06
31 Thulung 14,034 0.06
32 Sangpang 10,810 0.05
33 Bhujel/ khawas 10,733 0.05
34 Darai 10,210 0.04
35 Khaling 9,288 0.04
36 Kumal 6,533 0.03
37 Thakali 6,441 0.03
38 Chhantyal/Chhantel 5,912 0.03
39 Nepali Sign Language 5,743 0.03
40 Tibetan 5,277 0.02
41 Dumi 5,271 0.02
42 Jirel 4,919 0.02
43 Wambule/Umbule 4,471 0.02
44 Puma 4,310 0.02
45 Yholmo 3,986 0.02
46 Nachhiring 3,553 0.02
47 Dura 3,397 0.01
48 Meche 3,301 0.01
49 Pahari 2,995 0.01
50 Lepcha/Lapche 2,826 0.01
51 Bote 2,823 0.01
52 Bahing 2,765 0.01
53 Koi/Koyu 2,641 0.01
54 Raji 2,413 0.01
55 Hayu 1,743 0.01
56 Byangshi 1,734 0.01
57 Yamphu/ Yamphe 1,722 0.01
58 Ghale 1,649 0.01
59 Khariya 1,575 0.01
60 Chhiling 1,314 0.01
61 Lohorung 1,207 0.01
62 Punjabi 1,165 0.01
63 Chinese 1,101 0.00
64 English 1,037 0.00
65 Mewahang 904 0.00
66 Sanskrit 823 0.00
67 Kaike 794 0.00
68 Raute 518 0.00
69 Kisan 489 0.00
70 Churauti 408 0.00
71 Baram/ Maramu 342 0.00
72 Tilung 310 0.00
73 Jero/ Jerung 271 0.00
74 Dungmali 221 0.00
75 Oriya 159 0.00
76 Lingkhim 97 0.00
77 Kusunda 87 0.00
78 Sindhi 72 0.00
79 Koche 72 0.00
80 Hariyanvi 33 0.00
81 Magahi 30 0.00
82 Sam 23 0.00
83 Kurmali 13 0.00
84 Kagate 10 0.00
85 Dzonkha 9 0.00
86 Kuki 9 0.00
87 Chhintang 8 0.00
88 Mizo 8 0.00
89 Nagamese 6 0.00
90 Lhomi 4 0.00
91 Assamese 3 0.00
92 Sadhani 2 0.00
93 Unknown Language 168,340 0.74
Total 22,736,934 100
Languages by number of second-language speakers (2001)[5]
S.N Language Number of speakers (enumerated figures only) Percentage (%)
1 Nepali 5,722,151 25.17
2 Maithili 115,877 0.51
3 Bantawa 71,713 0.32
4 Bhojpuri 64,724 0.28
5 Tharu 64,274 0.28
6 Magar 49,378 0.22
7 Tamang 46,078 0.20
8 Limbu 35,272 0.16
9 Newar 34,431 0.15
10 Gurung 29,655 0.13
11 Awadhi 23,577 0.10
12 Bajjika 7,612 0.03
Others 632,443 2.78
No second language 15,828,965 69.62
Not reported 10,784 0.05
Total 22,736,934 100

See also

Notes

References

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