2004 in Europe
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Albania
- President – Alfred Moisiu, President of Albania (2002–2007)
- Prime Minister – Fatos Nano, Prime Minister of Albania (2002–2005)
Andorra
- Monarchs –
- French Co-Prince – Jacques Chirac, French Co-prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
- Co-Prince's Representative – Philippe Massoni (2002–2007)
- Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
- Co-Prince's Representative – Nemesi Marqués Oste (1993–2012)
- French Co-Prince – Jacques Chirac, French Co-prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
- Prime Minister – Marc Forné Molné, Head of Government of Andorra (1994–2005)
- Monarchs –
Armenia
- President – Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
- Prime Minister – Andranik Margaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–2007)
Austria
- President –
- Thomas Klestil, Federal President of Austria (1992–2004)
- Andreas Khol, Barbara Prammer, and Thomas Prinzhorn; Acting Heads of State of Austria (2004) [a]
- Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–2016)
- Chancellor – Wolfgang Schüssel, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
- President –
Azerbaijan
- President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
- Prime Minister – Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–2018)
Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Arkadi Ghukasyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (1997–2007)
- Prime Minister – Anushavan Danielyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (1999–2007)
Belarus
- President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
- Prime Minister – Sergei Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–2010)
Belgium
- Monarch – Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–2013)
- Prime Minister – Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Serb Member – Borislav Paravac (2003–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2004–2005)
- Bosniak Member – Sulejman Tihić (2002–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2004)
- Croat Member – Dragan Čović (2002–2005, Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2003–2004)
- Prime Minister – Adnan Terzić, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2007)
- High Representative – Lord (Paddy) Ashdown, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2006)
- Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
- President – Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–2012)
- Prime Minister – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2001–2005)
Croatia
- President – Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–2010)
- Prime Minister – Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–2009)
Cyprus
- President – Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
Northern Cyprus (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Rauf Denktaş, President of Northern Cyprus (1976–2005)
- Prime Minister –
- Derviş Eroğlu, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (1996–2004)
- Mehmet Ali Talat, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2004–2005)
Czech Republic
- President – Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–2013)
- Prime Minister –
- Vladimír Špidla, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2002–2004)
- Stanislav Gross, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2004–2005)
Denmark
- Monarch – Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–2024)
- Prime Minister – Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–2009)
Estonia
- President – Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia (2001–2006)
- Prime Minister – Juhan Parts, Prime Minister of Estonia (2003–2005)
European Union
- President of the European Commission –
- Romano Prodi (until 29 November)
- José Manuel Barroso (starting 29 November)
- President of the Parliament –
- Pat Cox (until 20 July)
- Josep Borrell (starting 20 July)
- President of the European Council –
- Bertie Ahern (January–June)
- Jan Peter Balkenende (July–December)
- Presidency of the Council of the EU –
- Ireland (January–July)
- Netherlands (July–December)
- President of the European Commission –
Finland
- President – Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–2012)
- Prime Minister – Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–2010)
France
- President – Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
- Prime Minister – Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Prime Minister of France (2002–2005)
Georgia
- President –
- Nino Burjanadze, Acting President of Georgia (2003–2004)
- Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2004–2007)
- Prime Minister – Zurab Zhvania, Prime Minister of Georgia [b] (2003–2005)
Abkhazia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Vladislav Ardzinba, President of Abkhazia (1990–2005) [c]
- Prime Minister –
- Raul Khajimba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2003–2004)
- Nodar Khashba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2004–2005)
South Ossetia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Eduard Kokoity, President of South Ossetia (2001–2011)
- Prime Minister – Igor Sanakoyev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2003–2005)
- President –
Germany
- President –
- Johannes Rau, Federal President of Germany (1999–2004)
- Horst Köhler, Federal President of Germany (2004–2010)
- Chancellor – Gerhard Schröder, Federal Chancellor of Germany (1998–2005)
- President –
Greece
- President – Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, President of Greece (1995–2005)
- Prime Minister –
- Costas Simitis, Prime Minister of Greece (1996–2004)
- Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–2009)
Hungary
- President – Ferenc Mádl, President of Hungary (2000–2005)
- Prime Minister
- Péter Medgyessy, Prime Minister of Hungary (2002–2004)
- Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–2009)
Iceland
- President – Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–2016)
- Prime Minister –
- Davíð Oddsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1991–2004)
- Halldór Ásgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (2004–2006)
Ireland
- President – Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–2011)
- Prime Minister – Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach of Ireland (1997–2008)
Italy
- President – Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–2006)
- Prime Minister – Silvio Berlusconi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2001–2006)
Latvia
- President – Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–2007)
- Prime Minister –
- Einars Repše, Prime Minister of Latvia (2002–2004)
- Indulis Emsis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004)
- Aigars Kalvītis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004–2007)
Liechtenstein
- Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
- Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
- Prime Minister – Otmar Hasler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2001–2009)
Lithuania
- President –
- Rolandas Paksas, President of Lithuania (2003–2004)
- Artūras Paulauskas, Acting President of Lithuania (2004)
- Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister – Algirdas Brazauskas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2001–2006)
- President –
Luxembourg
- Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
- Prime Minister – Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–2013)
Macedonia
- President –
- Boris Trajkovski, President of Macedonia (1999–2004)
- Ljupčo Jordanovski, Acting President of Macedonia (2004)
- Branko Crvenkovski, President of Macedonia (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Branko Crvenkovski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2002–2004)
- Radmila Šekerinska, Acting President of the Government of Macedonia (2004)
- Hari Kostov, President of the Government of Macedonia (2004)
- Radmila Šekerinska, Acting President of the Government of Macedonia (2004)
- Vlado Bučkovski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2004–2006)
- President –
Malta
- President –
- Guido de Marco, President of Malta (1999–2004)
- Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Eddie Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (1998–2004)
- Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–2013)
- President –
Moldova
- President – Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–2009)
- Prime Minister – Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–2008)
Transnistria (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1990–2011) [d]
Monaco
- Monarch – Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
- Prime Minister – Patrick Leclercq, Minister of State of Monaco (2000–2005)
Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Monarch – Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–2013)
- Netherlands (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Prime Minister – Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–2010)
Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- see § North America
Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- see § North America
Norway
- Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
- Regent – Crown Prince Haakon, Regent of Norway (2003–2004)
- Prime Minister – Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway (2001–2005)
Poland
- President – Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland (1995–2005)
- Prime Minister –
- Leszek Miller, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2001–2004)
- Marek Belka, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2004–2005)
Portugal
- President – Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–2006)
- Prime Minister –
- José Manuel Barroso, Prime Minister of Portugal (2002–2004)
- Pedro Santana Lopes, Prime Minister of Portugal (2004–2005)
Romania
- President –
- Ion Iliescu, President of Romania (2000–2004)
- Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–2014)
- Prime Minister –
- Adrian Năstase, Prime Minister of Romania (2000–2004)
- Eugen Bejinariu, Acting Prime Minister of Romania (2004)
- Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Prime Minister of Romania (2004–2008)
- President –
Russia
- President – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
- Prime Minister –
San Marino
- Captains-Regent –
- Giovanni Lonfernini and Valeria Ciavatta, Captains Regent of San Marino (2003–2004)
- Paolo Bollini and Marino Riccardi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2004)
- Giuseppe Arzilli and Roberto Raschi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2004–2005)
- Captains-Regent –
Serbia and Montenegro
- President – Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
- Prime Minister – Svetozar Marović, Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
- Kosovo (Self-Governing Entity under UN administration)
- President – Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (2002–2006)
- Prime Minister –
- Bajram Rexhepi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2002–2004)
- Ramush Haradinaj, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2004–2005)
- UN Special Representative –
Slovakia
- President –
- Rudolf Schuster, President of Slovakia (1999–2004)
- Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–2014)
- Prime Minister – Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–2006)
- President –
Slovenia
- President – Janez Drnovšek, President of Slovenia (2002–2007)
- Prime Minister –
- Anton Rop, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2002–2004)
- Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–2008)
Spain
- Monarch – Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–2014)
- Prime Minister –
- José María Aznar, President of the Government of Spain (1996–2004)
- José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–2011)
Sweden
- Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
- Prime Minister – Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–2006)
Switzerland
- Council – Federal Council of Switzerland [e]
- Members – Moritz Leuenberger (1995–2010), Pascal Couchepin (1998–2009), Joseph Deiss (1999–2006; President of Switzerland, 2004), Samuel Schmid (2000–2008), Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–2011), Christoph Blocher (2003–2007), and Hans-Rudolf Merz (2003–2010)
- Council – Federal Council of Switzerland [e]
Turkey
- President – Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–2007)
- Prime Minister – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–2014)
Ukraine
- President – Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine (1994–2005)
- Prime Minister –
- Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2002–2005)
- Mykola Azarov, Acting Prime Minister of Ukraine (2004)
United Kingdom
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–2022)
- Prime Minister – Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
Isle of Man (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
- Lieutenant-Governor – Ian Macfadyen, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2000–2005)
- Chief Minister –
- Richard Corkill, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2001–2004)
- Donald Gelling, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2004–2006)
Guernsey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
- Lieutenant-Governor – Sir John Foley, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2000–2005)
- Bailiff – Sir de Vic Carey, Bailiff of Guernsey (1999–2005)
- Chief Minister – Laurie Morgan, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2004–2007)
Jersey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
- Lieutenant-Governor – Sir John Cheshire, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2001–2006)
- Bailiff – Sir Philip Bailhache, Bailiff of Jersey (1995–2009)
Gibraltar (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor – Sir Francis Richards, Governor of Gibraltar (2003–2006)
- Chief Minister – Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–2011)
Vatican City
- Monarch – Pope John Paul II, Sovereign of Vatican City (1978–2005)
- Head of Government – Cardinal Edmund Szoka, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1997–2006)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
- Secretary of State – Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–2006)
Events
January
February
March
April
May
- May 1: The 2004 enlargement of Europe occurs.
