45th Canadian Parliament
Legislative session starting in 2025
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 45th Canadian Parliament is the current legislative session of the Parliament of Canada, which began on May 26, 2025, with the membership of the House of Commons determined by the results of the 2025 federal election held on April 28.[1]
Prime
ministerRt. Hon. Mark Carney
Mar. 14, 2025 – present
ministerRt. Hon. Mark Carney
Mar. 14, 2025 – present
Leader of the
OppositionHon. Andrew Scheer
May. 6, 2025 – Aug. 18, 2025
OppositionHon. Andrew Scheer
May. 6, 2025 – Aug. 18, 2025
| 45th Canadian Parliament | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Minority parliament (until April 8, 2026) Majority parliament (since April 8, 2026) | |||
| May. 26, 2025 – present | |||
 Canadian Parliament (2025) | |||
| Parliament leaders | |||
| Prime minister | Rt. Hon. Mark Carney Mar. 14, 2025 – present | ||
| Cabinet | 30th Canadian Ministry | ||
| Leader of the Opposition | Hon. Andrew Scheer May. 6, 2025 – Aug. 18, 2025 | ||
| Hon. Pierre Poilievre Aug. 18, 2025 – present | |||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | Liberal Party | ||
| Opposition | Conservative Party | ||
| Recognized | Bloc Québécois | ||
| Independent Senators Group* | |||
| Canadian Senators Group* | |||
| Progressive Senate Group* | |||
| Unrecognized | New Democratic Party | ||
| Green Party | |||
| * Only in the Senate. | |||
| House of Commons | |||
 Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
| Speaker of the Commons | Hon. Francis Scarpaleggia May. 26, 2025 – present | ||
| Government House leader | Hon. Steven MacKinnon May. 13, 2025 – present | ||
| Opposition House leader | Hon. Andrew Scheer Sep. 13, 2022 – present | ||
| Members | 343 MP seats List of members | ||
| Senate | |||
.svg) Seating arrangements of the Senate | |||
| Speaker of the Senate | Hon. Raymonde Gagné May. 16, 2023 – present | ||
| Government Senate rep. | Hon. Marc Gold Jan. 24, 2020 – Jun. 30, 2025 | ||
| Hon. Pierre Moreau Sep. 1, 2026 – present | |||
| Opposition Senate leader | Hon. Leo Housakos May. 14, 2025 – present | ||
| Senators | 105 senator seats List of senators | ||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | HM Charles III Sep. 8, 2022 – present | ||
| Governor general | HE Rt. Hon. Mary Simon Jul. 26, 2021 – Jun. 8, 2026 | ||
| HE Rt. Hon. Louise Arbour Jun. 8, 2026 – present | |||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session 26 May 2025 – Present | |||
| |||
Overview
Canada's constitution mandates reviews of electoral divisions following each decennial census to reflect changes and movements in population. This parliament is the first one seated in accordance with the 2023 representation orders[2] determined based on the 2021 census, which expanded the House of Commons by five seats (1 in British Columbia, 3 in Alberta, and 1 in Ontario).[3]
The session was opened personally by Charles III, King of Canada, on May 27, 2025, during his first royal visit to Canada as King.[4][5] This was the first time in over half a century that the reigning monarch opened parliament, since Elizabeth II did so for the 23rd Canadian Parliament in 1957, as well as the first time the sovereign had personally read the Speech from the Throne since Elizabeth II did so at the opening of the third session of the 30th Canadian Parliament in 1977.[6] The legislative session commenced on May 26, 2025, with the unprecedented event of a prime minister taking a seat in parliament for the first time, and within a year became the first government to obtain a majority through party defections and by-elections.[7][8]
Sessions
The 45th Parliament is currently in its first session:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | May 26, 2025[9] | In process |
Party standings
| Affiliation | House members | Senate members | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 election results |
Present | +/– | On election day 2025 |
Present | +/– | ||
| Liberal | 169 | 170 |  1 | – | – |  | |
| Conservative | 144 | 138 |  6 | 12 | 12 | | |
| Bloc Québécois | 22 | 21 | 1 | – | – | | |
| New Democratic | 7 | 5 | 2 | – | – | | |
| Green | 1 | 1 | | – | – | | |
| Independent Senators Group | – | – | | 45 | 38 | 7 | |
| Canadian Senators Group | – | – | | 18 | 16 | 2 | |
| Progressive Senate Group | – | – | | 18 | 17 | 1 | |
| Government Representative’s Office | – | – | | – | 5 | 5 | |
| Independent or non-affiliated | – | – | | 12 | 6 | 6 | |
| Total members | 343 | 335 | 105 | 94 | |||
| Vacant | 0 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 11 | 11 | |
| Total seats | 343 | 105 | |||||
Legislation and motions
Acts which received royal assent
| Date of Assent | Short Title | Long Title | Chapter | Bill # |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 26, 2025 | N/a | An Act to amend the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Act (supply management)[10] | 2025, c. 1 | C-202 |
| One Canadian Economy Act[11] | An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act | 2025, c. 2 | C-5 | |
| Appropriation Act No. 1, 2025–26[12] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026 | 2025, c. 3 | C-6 | |
| Appropriation Act No. 2, 2025–26[13] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026 | 2025, c. 4 | C-7 | |
| November 20, 2025 | N/a | An Act to amend the Citizenship Act (2025)[14] | 2025, c. 5 | C-3 |
| N/a | An Act to authorize Gore Mutual Insurance Company to apply to be continued as a body corporate under the laws of the Province of Quebec | N/a | S-1001 | |
| December 11, 2025 | Appropriation Act No. 3, 2025–26[15] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026 | 2025, c. 6 | C-17 |
| February 12, 2026 | Canada Groceries and Essentials Benefit Act[16] | An Act to amend the Income Tax Act | 2026, c. 1 | C-19 |
| March 12, 2026 | Making Life More Affordable for Canadians Act[17] | An Act respecting certain affordability measures for Canadians and another measure | 2026, c. 2 | C-4 |
| March 26, 2026 | Budget 2025 Implementation Act, No. 1[18] | An Act to implement certain provisions of the budget tabled in Parliament on November 4, 2025 | 2026, c. 3 | C-15 |
| Strengthening Canada's Immigration System and Borders Act[19] | An Act respecting certain measures relating to the security of Canada's borders and the integrity of the Canadian immigration system and respecting other related security measures | 2026, c. 4 | C-12 | |
| Appropriation Act No. 4, 2025-26[20] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026 | 2026, c. 5 | C-23 | |
| Appropriation Act No. 1, 2026-27[21] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027 | 2026, c. 6 | C-24 | |
| May 6, 2026 | N/a | An Act to implement the Protocol on the Accession of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership[22] | 2026, c. 7 | C-13 |
| Canada-Indonesia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement Implementation Act[23] | An Act to implement the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement between Canada and Indonesia | 2026, c. 8 | C-18 | |
| June 15, 2026 | N/a | An Act respecting cyber security, amending the Telecommunications Act and making consequential amendments to other Acts[24] | 2026, c. 9 | C-8 |
| N/a | An Act to amend the Criminal Code (sterilization procedures)[25] | 2026, c. 10 | S-228 | |
| Bail and Sentencing Reform Act[26] | An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Youth Criminal Justice Act and the National Defence Act (bail and sentencing) | 2026, c. 11 | C-14 | |
| June 17, 2026 | N/a | An Act to amend the Criminal Code[27] | 2026, c. 12 | C-225 |
| Appropriation Act No. 2, 2026-27[28] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027 | 2026, c. 13 | C-32 | |
| Appropriation Act No. 3, 2026-27[29] | An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money for the federal public administration for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027 | 2026, c. 14 | C-33 | |
| June 18, 2026 | Combatting Hate Act[30] | An Act to amend the Criminal Code (hate propaganda, hate crime and access to religious or cultural places) | 2026, c. 15 | C-9 |
| Military Justice System Modernization Act[31] | An Act to amend the National Defence Act and other Acts | 2026, c. 16 | C-11 | |
| Arab Heritage Month Act[32] | An Act respecting Arab Heritage Month | 2026, c. 17 | S-227 | |
| Build Canada Homes Act[33] | An Act respecting the establishment of Build Canada Homes | 2026, c. 18 | C-20 | |
| Protecting Victims Act[34] | An Act to amend certain Acts in relation to criminal and correctional matters (child protection, gender-based violence, delays and other measures) | 2026, c. 19 | C-16 | |
| Strong and Free Elections Act[35] | An Act to amend the Canada Elections Act and to enact An Act to change the names of certain electoral districts, 2026 | 2026, c. 20 | C-25 | |
| N/a | An Act to authorize certain payments to be made out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund for the purpose of improving housing supply[36] | 2026, c. 21 | C-26 | |
| Spring Economic Update 2026 Implementation Act[37] | An Act to implement certain provisions of the spring economic update tabled in Parliament on April 28, 2026 | 2026, c. 22 | C-30 | |
Officeholders
Head of State
| Office | Portrait | Name | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | .jpg) |
Charles III | September 8, 2022 | Incumbent |
| Governor General |  |
Mary Simon | July 26, 2021 | June 8, 2026 |
 |
Louise Arbour | June 8, 2026 | Incumbent |
Party leadership
| Party | Photo | Name | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | |
Mark Carney | March 9, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Conservative | .jpg) |
Pierre Poilievre | September 10, 2022 | Incumbent |
| Bloc Québécois | .png) |
Yves-François Blanchet | January 17, 2019 | Incumbent |
| New Democratic | _(cropped)_(cropped).jpg) |
Don Davies (Interim) | May 5, 2025 | March 29, 2026 |
 |
Avi Lewis | March 29, 2026 | Incumbent | |
| Green | .jpg) |
Elizabeth May | August 26, 2006 | November 4, 2019 |
| November 19, 2022 | Incumbent |
House of Commons
Presiding officer
| Office | Photo | Party | Officer | Riding | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Speaker of the House of Commons | .jpg) |
Liberal | Francis Scarpaleggia | Lac-Saint-Louis | May 26, 2025 | Incumbent |
Government leadership (Liberal)
| Office | Photo | Officer | Riding | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leader | |
Mark Carney | Nepean | March 9, 2025 | Incumbent |
| House Leader | .jpg) |
Steven MacKinnon | Gatineau | May 13, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Chief Whip | .jpg) |
Mark Gerretsen | Kingston and the Islands | May 14, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Caucus Chair | .jpg) |
James Maloney | Etobicoke—Lakeshore | May 2025 | Incumbent |
| Deputy House Leader | .jpg) |
Arielle Kayabaga | London West | June 5, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Deputy Whip |  |
Élisabeth Brière | Sherbrooke | June 5, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Quebec Lieutenant | _(cropped).jpg) |
Steven Guilbeault | Laurier—Sainte-Marie | June 5, 2025 | November 27, 2025 |
 |
Joël Lightbound | Louis-Hébert | December 2, 2025 | Incumbent |
Opposition leadership (Conservative)
| Office | Portrait | Officer | Riding | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leader |  |
Pierre Poilievre | Battle River—Crowfoot | September 20, 2022 | April 28, 2025 |
| August 18, 2025 | Incumbent | ||||
.jpg) |
Andrew Scheer | Regina—Qu'Appelle | May 6, 2025 | August 18, 2025 | |
| Deputy Leaders | .png) |
Melissa Lantsman | Thornhill | September 20, 2022 | Incumbent |
 |
Tim Uppal | Edmonton Gateway | Incumbent | ||
| House Leader | |
Andrew Scheer | Regina—Qu'Appelle | September 13, 2022 | Incumbent |
| Deputy House Leader |  |
Luc Berthold | Mégantic—L'Érable—Lotbinière | Incumbent | |
| Whip |  |
Chris Warkentin | Grande Prairie | May 21, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Deputy Whip |  |
Rob Moore | Fundy Royal | Incumbent | |
| Question period Coordinator | _(cropped).jpg) |
Eric Duncan | Stormont—Dundas—Glengarry | Incumbent | |
| Caucus Chair |  |
Scott Reid | Lanark—Frontenac | September 13, 2022 | Incumbent |
| Caucus Party Liaison | |
Warren Steinley | Regina—Lewvan | May 21, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Committee Coordinator | _(cropped).jpg) |
John Brassard | Barrie South—Innisfil | Incumbent | |
| Quebec Lieutenant | .jpg) |
Pierre Paul-Hus | Charlesbourg—Haute-Saint-Charles | September 13, 2022 | Incumbent |
House Committees
| Committee | Chair | Vice Chairs |
|---|---|---|
| Veterans Affairs | Marie-France Lalonde (LPC) | Blake Richards (CPC) |
| Agriculture and Agri-Food | Michael Coteau (LPC) | John Barlow (CPC)
Yves Perron (BQ) |
| Canadian Heritage | Lisa Hepfner (LPC) | Rachael Thomas (CPC)
Martin Champoux (BQ) |
| International Trade | Hon. Judy A. Sgro (LPC) | Adam Chambers (CPC) |
| Citizenship and Immigration | Julie Dzerowicz (LPC) | Hon. Michelle Rempel Garner (CPC) |
| Environment and Sustainable Development | Angelo Iacono (LPC) | Ellis Ross (CPC)
Patrick Bonin (BQ) |
| Access to Information, Privacy, and Ethics | John Brassard (CPC) | Linda Lapointe (LPC)
Luc Thériault (BQ) |
| Status of Women | Dominique Vien (CPC) | Emmanuella Lambropoulos (LPC)
Andréanne Larouche (BQ) |
| Foreign Affairs and International Development | Hon. Ahmed Hussen (LPC) | Hon. Michael Chong (CPC) |
| Finance | Hon. Karina Gould (LPC) | Jasraj Singh Hallan (CPC)
Jean-Denis Garon (BQ) |
| Fisheries and Oceans | Patrick Weiler (LPC) | Mel Arnold (CPC)
Alexis Deschênes (BQ) |
| Health | Hon. Hedy Fry (LPC) | Dan Mazier (CPC)
Luc Theriault (BQ) |
| Human Resources, Skills and Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities | Bobby Morrissey (LPC) | Rosemarie Falk (CPC)
Marilène Gill (BQ) |
| Indigenous and Northern Affairs | Terry Sheehan (LPC) | Jamie Schmale (CPC)
Sebastian Lemire (BQ) |
| Industry and Technology | Ben Carr (LPC) | Raquel Dancho (CPC)
Gabriel Ste-Marie (BQ) |
| Justice and Human Rights | Hon. Marc Miller (LPC) | Larry Brock (CPC)
Rhéal Fortin (BQ) |
| Official Languages | Yvan Baker (LPC) | Joël Godin (CPC)
Mario Beaulieu (BQ) |
| National Defence | Charles Sousa (LPC) | James Bezan (CPC) |
| Government Operations and Estimates | Kelly McCauley (CPC) | Iqwinder Gaheer (LPC) |
| Public Accounts | John Williamson (CPC) | Jean Yip (LPC)
Sébastien Lemire (BQ) |
| Procedure and House Affairs | Chris Bittle (LPC) | Michael Cooper (CPC)
Christine Normandin (BQ) |
| Natural Resources | Hon. Terry Duguid (LPC) | Shannon Stubbs (CPC)
Mario Simard (BQ) |
| Public Safety and National Security | Hon. Jean-Yves Duclos (LPC) | Frank Caputo (CPC) |
| Science and Research | Salma Zahid (LPC) | Tony Baldinelli (CPC) |
| Transport, Infrastructure, and Communities | Peter Schiefke (LPC) | Dan Albas (CPC) |
Joint Committees
| Committee | Joint Chairs | Vice Chair (s) |
|---|---|---|
| Library of Parliament | Hon. Mohamed-Iqbal Ravalia (ISG)
MP Angelo Iacono (LPC) |
MP Louis Plamondon (BQ) |
| Scrutiny of Regulations | Hon. Yuen Pau Woo (ISG)
MP Dan Albas (CPC) |
Tim Louis (LPC)
Denis Trudel (BQ) |
Leadership of the Senate
Presiding officer
| Office | Portrait | Party | Officer | Province | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Speaker of the Senate | .jpg) |
Non-affiliated | Raymonde Gagné | Manitoba | May 12, 2023 | Incumbent |
| Speaker pro tempore | |
Independent Senators Group | René Cormier | New Brunswick | June 5, 2025 | Incumbent |
Government leadership (non-affiliated)
| Office | Officer | Province | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government Representative in the Senate | Pierre Moreau | Quebec | July 18, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Legislative Deputy to the Government Representative in the Senate | Patti LaBoucane-Benson | Alberta | May 2023 | Incumbent |
| Government Liaison in the Senate | Iris Petten | Newfoundland and Labrador | September 5, 2024 | Incumbent |
Opposition leadership (Conservative)
| Office | Portrait | Officer | Province | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leader of the Opposition | _(cropped).jpg) |
Leo Housakos | Quebec | May 14, 2025 | Incumbent |
| Deputy leader of the Opposition |  |
Yonah Martin | British Columbia | November 4, 2015 | Incumbent |
| Whip of the Opposition | |
Judith Seidman | Quebec | N/A | September 1, 2025 |
| Caucus Chair |  |
Denise Batters | Saskatchewan | N/A | Incumbent |
Senate Committees
| Committee | Chair (s) | Deputy Chair (s) |
|---|---|---|
| Foreign Affairs and International Relations | Peter M. Boehm (ISG) | Peter Harder (PSG) |
| Agriculture and Forestry | Robert Black (CSG) | John M. McNair (ISG) |
| Audit and Oversight | Marty Klyne (PSG) | David M. Wells (CPC) Colin Deacon (CSG) Tony Loffreda (ISG) |
| Indigenous Peoples | Michèle Audette (PSG) | Margo Greenwood (ISG) |
| Banking, Commerce, and the Economy | Clément Gignac (CSG) | Toni Varone (ISG) |
| Internal Economy, Budgets, and Administration | Lucie Moncion (ISG) | Claude Carignan (CPC) Danièle Henkel (PSG) Jim Quinn (CSG) |
| Ethics and Conflict of Interest for Senators | Judith Seidman (CPC) | Peter Harder (PSG) |
| Energy, the Environment, and Natural Resources | Pat Duncan (ISG) | Josée Verner (CSG) |
| Legal and Constitutional Affairs | David Arnot (ISG) | Denise Batters (CPC) |
| National Finance | Claude Carignan (CPC) | Éric Forest (ISG) |
| Official Languages | Allister Surette (ISG) | Rose-May Poirier (CPC) |
| Fisheries and Oceans | Fabian Manning (CPC) | Bev Busson (ISG) |
| Human Rights | Paulette Senior (ISG) | Wanda Thomas Bernard (PSG) |
| Rules, Procedures, and Rights of Parliament | Pierre Dalphond (PSG) | Denise Batters (CPC) Stan Kutcher (ISG) Percy Downe (CSG) Pierrette Ringuette (ISG) |
| National Security, Defence and Veterans Affairs | Hassan Yussuff (ISG) | Mohammad Al Zaibak (CSG) |
| Selection | Michael L. MacDonald (CPC) | Chantal Petitclerc (ISG) |
| Social Affairs, Science and Technology | Rosemary Moodie (ISG) | Gigi Osler (CSG) |
| Transport and Communications | Larry Smith (CPC) | Donna Dasko (ISG) |
Timeline
Changes in MPs
| Seat | Before | Change | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Member | Party | Reason | Date | Member | Party | Ref(s) | |
| Battle River—Crowfoot | June 17, 2025 | Damien Kurek | █ Conservative | Resigned from parliament to allow Conservative Party leader Pierre Poilievre to run for the seat | August 18, 2025 | Pierre Poilievre | █ Conservative | [40][41] |
| Acadie—Annapolis | November 4, 2025 | Chris d'Entremont | █ Conservative | Resigned from caucus to join the Liberal Party caucus | █ Liberal | [42][43] | ||
| Markham—Unionville | December 11, 2025 | Michael Ma | █ Conservative | Resigned from caucus to join the Liberal Party caucus | █ Liberal | [44] | ||
| University—Rosedale | January 9, 2026 | Chrystia Freeland | █ Liberal | Resigned from parliament to become an economic advisor for Ukraine | April 13, 2026 | Danielle Martin | █ Liberal | [45][46] |
| Scarborough Southwest | February 2, 2026 | Bill Blair | █ Liberal | Resigned from parliament to become the Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom | April 13, 2026 | Doly Begum | █ Liberal | [47][46] |
| Terrebonne | February 13, 2026 | Tatiana Auguste | █ Liberal | 2025 result annulled by the Supreme Court | April 13, 2026 | Tatiana Auguste | █ Liberal | [48][46] |
| Edmonton Riverbend | February 18, 2026 | Matt Jeneroux | █ Conservative | Resigned from caucus to join the Liberal Party caucus | █ Liberal | [49] | ||
| Nunavut | March 10, 2026 | Lori Idlout | █ New Democratic | Resigned from caucus to join the Liberal Party caucus | █ Liberal | [50] | ||
| Sarnia—Lambton—Bkejwanong | April 8, 2026 | Marilyn Gladu | █ Conservative | Resigned from caucus to join the Liberal Party caucus | █ Liberal | [51] | ||
| Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie | April 27, 2026 | Alexandre Boulerice | █ New Democratic | Resigned from caucus in preparation to run in the 2026 Quebec general election in Gouin for Quebec solidaire | █ Independent | [52][53] | ||
| Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton | May 28, 2026 | Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay | █ Bloc Québécois | Resigned from caucus in preparation to run in the 2026 Quebec general election in Saint-Hyacinthe for Parti Québécois | █ Independent | [54][55] | ||
| June 19, 2026 | █ Independent | Resigned from parliament to run in the 2026 Quebec general election in Saint-Hyacinthe for Parti Québécois | TBD | █ Vacant | [56] | |||
| North Vancouver—Capilano | June 19, 2026 | Jonathan Wilkinson | █ Liberal | Resigned from parliament to take up the post of Canadian Ambassador to the European Union. | August 31, 2026 | █ Vacant | [57] | |
| Chicoutimi—Le Fjord | July 7, 2026 | Richard Martel | █ Conservative | Resigned from caucus to accept an appointment to the Senate as an independent. | █ Independent | [58][59] | ||
| █ Independent | Resigned as a member of parliament upon appointment to the Senate. | August 31, 2026 | █ Vacant | |||||
| Beaches—East York | July 7, 2026 | Nate Erskine-Smith | █ Liberal | Resigned from parliament to run in the 2026 Toronto municipal election for the equivalent ward. | August 31, 2026 | █ Vacant | [60][61] | |
| Scarborough North | August 15, 2026 | Shaun Chen | █ Liberal | Resigned from parliament due to health concerns following a car accident. | TBD | █ Vacant | [62][63] | |
| Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie | August 26, 2026 | Alexandre Boulerice | █ Independent | Resigned from parliament to run in the 2026 Quebec general election in Gouin for Quebec solidaire | TBD | █ Vacant | [64] | |
| Laurier—Sainte-Marie | August 28, 2026 | Steven Guilbeault | █ Liberal | Resigned from parliament. | TBD | █ Vacant | [65] | |
| Yorkton—Melville | August 31, 2026 | Cathay Wagantall | █ Conservative | Resigned from parliament. | TBD | █ Vacant | [66] | |
2025
- April 28 – In the 45th Canadian federal election, the incumbent Liberal Party wins the most seats in the House of Commons, but fails to reach a majority government.
- May 13 – The new Ministry is sworn in, overseen by Governor General Mary Simon.
- May 26 – Lac-Saint-Louis MP Francis Scarpaleggia is elected Speaker of the House of Commons.
- May 27 – Opening of the 45th Parliament and the Speech from the Throne, delivered by Charles III, King of Canada.[67]
- June 2 – Carney government loses non-binding motion by 166 to 164 that it present a budget before the House of Commons rises for summer vacation on 20 June.[68][69] Carney and Champagne had announced their plans not to produce a budget before the Speech from the Throne, if not earlier.[70]
- June 5 – Carney government wins approval of motion in support of the Speech from the Throne, without recorded division.[71] The NDP said it planned not to support the motion,[71] but support from the Bloc Québécois had been guaranteed since 29 April.[72]
- June 17 – Conservative MP Damien Kurek for Battle River—Crowfoot resigns his seat to allow Conservative Party leader Pierre Poilievre to run in a by-election.
- August 18 – Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre wins the by-election in Battle River—Crowfoot, holding the seat for the party.
- September 16 – Liberal MP Chrystia Freeland for University—Rosedale resigns from Cabinet and announces that she will not seek re-election at the next federal election. Carney then shuffles his Cabinet.
- November 4 – Conservative MP Chris d'Entremont for Acadie—Annapolis crosses the floor to the Liberal Party in order to support the government's budget.[73]
- November 6 - Conservative MP Matt Jeneroux for Edmonton Riverbend announces his intention to resign his seat in spring 2026.[74]
- November 17 – The federal budget passes by a vote of 170 to 168, with 4 absentions and 1 absence.
- November 27 – Liberal MP Steven Guilbeault for Laurier—Sainte-Marie resigns from Cabinet.
- December 1 – Carney conducts a minor Cabinet shuffle.
- December 11 – Conservative MP Michael Ma for Markham—Unionville crosses the floor to the Liberal Party.[75]
2026
- January 9 – Liberal MP Chrystia Freeland for University—Rosedale resigns her seat to accept the post of an economic advisor for the Ukrainian government.
- February 2 – Liberal MP Bill Blair for Scarborough Southwest resigns his seat to accept the post of Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.
- February 13 – The Supreme Court of Canada nullifies the 2025 election result in Terrebonne, leaving the seat vacant and triggering a future by-election
- February 18 – Conservative MP Matt Jeneroux for Edmonton Riverbend announces he no longer plans to resign his seat, and instead crosses the floor to the Liberal Party.
- March 10 – New Democratic MP Lori Idlout for Nunavut crosses the floor to the Liberal Party.
- April 8 – Conservative MP Marilyn Gladu for Sarnia—Lambton—Bkejwanong crosses the floor to the Liberal Party.
- April 13 – Liberal candidates Doly Begum, Tatiana Auguste, and Danielle Martin win their respective by-elections in Scarborough Southwest, Terrebonne, and University—Rosedale, giving the party a majority government.
- April 27 – New Democratic MP Alexandre Boulerice for Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie resigns from caucus to sit as an independent while he runs in the 2026 Quebec general election in Gouin for Quebec solidaire.
- May 28 – Bloc Québécois MP Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay for Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton resigns from caucus to sit as an independent while he runs in the 2026 Quebec general election in Saint-Hyacinthe for Parti Québécois.
- June 19 – Independent MP Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay for Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton resigns his seat to run in the 2026 Quebec general election in Saint-Hyacinthe for Parti Québécois.
- June 19 – Liberal MP Jonathan Wilkinson for North Vancouver—Capilano resigns his seat to become Canadian ambassador to the European Union.
- July 7 – Conservative MP Richard Martel for Chicoutimi—Le Fjord resigns his seat in the House of Commons in order to accept an appointment to the Senate.
- July 7 – Liberal MP Nate Erskine-Smith for Beaches—East York resigns his seat.
Membership changes
House of Commons
| Number of members per party by date |
2025 | 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 28 | Jun 17 | Aug 18 | Nov 4 | Dec 11 | Jan 9 | Feb 2 | Feb 13 | Feb 18 | Mar 10 | Apr 8 | Apr 13 | Apr 27 | May 28 | Jun 19 | Jul 7 | Aug 15 | Aug 25 | Aug 28 | Aug 31 | ||
| Liberal | 169 | 170 | 171 | 170 | 169 | 168 | 169 | 170 | 171 | 174 | 173 | 172 | 171 | 170 | |||||||
| Conservative | 144 | 143 | 144 | 143 | 142 | 141 | 140 | 139 | 138 | ||||||||||||
| Bloc Québécois | 22 | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||
| New Democratic | 7 | 6 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Green | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total members | 343 | 342 | 343 | 342 | 341 | 340 | 343 | 341 | 339 | 338 | 337 | 336 | 335 | ||||||||
| Government majority | –5 | –4 | –5 | –3 | –1 | –2 | –3 | –4 | –2 | 0 | +2 | +5 | +4 | +5 | +4 | +5 | |||||
| Vacant | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||
Senate
| Date | ISG | CSG | PSG | CPC | NA | Vac. | Tot. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-04-28 | 45 | 18 | 18 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 105 |
| 2025-05-13 | 19 | 11 | |||||
| 2025-05-14 | 11 | 1 | |||||
| 2025-05-20 | 20 | 10 | |||||
| 2025-05-26 | 21 | 9 | |||||
| 2025-06-03 | 46 | 8 | |||||
| 2025-06-04 | 12 | 7 | |||||
| 2025-06-10 | 13 | 6 | |||||
| 2025-06-11 | 20 | 14 | |||||
| 2025-06-30 | 5 | 2 | |||||
| 2025-07-18 | 17 | 6 | |||||
| 2025-08-01 | 45 | 18 | |||||
| 2025-09-01 | 13 | 3 | |||||
| 2025-09-05 | 46 | 17 | |||||
| 2025-09-09 | 45 | 4 | |||||
| 2025-09-21 | 44 | 5 | |||||
| 2025-09-23 | 43 | 7 | |||||
| 2025-09-25 | 19 | 8 | |||||
| 2025-10-09 | 16 | 14 | |||||
| 2025-10-17 | 13 | 6 | |||||
| 2025-11-15 | 42 | 7 | |||||
| 2026-03-18 | 41 | 17 | |||||
| 2026-03-23 | 12 | 8 | |||||
| 2026-04-28 | 11 | 9 | |||||
| 2026-05-24 | 40 | 10 | |||||
| 2026-07-07 | 12 | 6 | |||||
| 2026-07-08 | 18 | 12 | |||||
| 2026-07-22 | 11 | 7 | |||||
| 2026-07-31 | 17 | 8 | |||||
| 2026-08-09 | 16 | 9 | |||||
| 2026-08-19 | 39 | 10 | |||||
| 2026-08-23 | 38 | 11 |