5-MeO-DALT

Pharmacodynamics

The interactions of 5-MeO-DALT with various targets have been reported.^{[14][15][16][20][18]} It binds to a variety of serotonin receptors, as well as a number of other targets.^{[14][15][16][20][22]} The drug is a potent full agonist of the serotonin 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2A receptors.^{[16][17][19][18]} It is also an agonist of the serotonin 5-HT_2B and 5-HT_2C receptors.^[17]

Uniquely the substance displayed weak agonist-like activity at the μ-opioid (MOR) and δ-opioid receptors (DOR) along with more significant activity at the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) (~76% of salvinorin A at 1 μM concentration) with G protein bias over β-arrestin activation.^[21]

Similarly to other psychedelics, 5-MeO-DALT produces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic-like effects, in rodents.^[8][16][15] The drug fully substitutes for the serotonergic psychedelic DOM in rodent drug discrimination tests.^[23] Conversely, 5-MeO-DALT does not substitute for the entactogen MDMA in such tests.^[23] 5-MeO-DALT produces dose-dependent hyperlocomotion in rodents, followed by hypolocomotion at the highest assessed dose.^[23][16] This is in contrast to many other psychedelic tryptamines, which tend to produce only hypolocomotion.^[23] 5-MeO-DMT and 5-MeO-AMT are locomotor depressants, whereas 5-MeO-DET and 5-MeO-MiPT are mixed locomotor stimulants/depressants similarly to 5-MeO-DALT.^[23] It also produces hypothermia.^[16]

The head-twitch response induced by 5-MeO-DALT in rodents was found to be positively related to its serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor affinity and negatively related to its serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor affinity.^[15] In relation to this, multiple targets appear to contribute to the effects of 5-MeO-DALT.^[15][5]

Pharmacokinetics

The metabolism and cytochrome P450 inhibition of 5-MeO-DALT has been described in scientific literature.^{[9][24][25][26]}

Synthesis

The chemical synthesis of 5-MeO-DALT has been described.^[1]

Crystal structure

In April 2020, Chadeayne et al. solved the crystal structure of the freebase form of 5-MeO-DALT.^[27]

Analogues

Analogues of 5-MeO-DALT include diallyltryptamine (DALT), 4-HO-DALT (daltocin), 4-AcO-DALT (dalcetin), NB-5-MeO-DALT, 5-MeO-DMT, 5-MeO-DET, 5-MeO-DPT, 5-MeO-DiPT, 5-MeO-MALT, 5-MeO-MiPT, and 5-MeO-iPALT (ASR-3001), among others.

Legal status

Cluster headache

Anecdotal reports^[36] and a small-scale trial^[37] indicate the potential of 5-MeO-DALT for the treatment of cluster headache, one of the most excruciating conditions known to medicine.^[38] These observations are consistent with evidence of efficacy of other chemically-related indoleamines in the treatment of cluster headache.^[39]