Alveolar ejective fricative
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨sʼ⟩ in IPA
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
An alveolar ejective fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨sʼ⟩.
| Alveolar ejective fricative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| sʼ | |||
| IPA number | 132 401 | ||
| Audio sample | |||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | sʼ | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+0073 U+02BC | ||
| X-SAMPA | s_> | ||
| |||
Features
Features of an alveolar ejective fricative:
- Its manner of articulation is sibilant (a subclass of fricatives and affricates), which means it is generally produced with a higher-frequency turbulence. Sibilants may be articulated with various tongue shapes and degrees of palatalization, depending on their place of articulation.
- Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal.
- Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is an oral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
- It is a median consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream down the midline of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.
In many languages, it is allophonic with the affricate [ts'].[1]
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | Shapsug[2] | сӏэ | ⓘ | 'name' | Corresponds to [tsʼ] in other dialects. |
| Amharic | ፀጉር/cegur | [sʼəgur] | 'hair' | More frequently realized as an affricate [t͡sʼ]. | |
| Ganza[3]: 101 | [sʼásʼà] | ‘fat, thick’ | |||
| Hausa[4] | tsutsa | [sʼusʼa] | 'worm' | Allophone of /tsʼ/ in some dialects | |
| Keres | Acoma[5]: 7–13 | s'eep'e | [sʼeːpʼe] | 'we bit it' | Contrasts with other ejective sibilants /ʃʼ/ and /ʂʼ/. |
| Lakota[citation needed] | s'a | [sʼa] | 'habitually' | ||
| Tlingit[6] | sʼeek | ⓘ | 'bear' | ||
| Upper Necaxa Totonac[7] | [ˈsʼa̰ta̰] | 'small' | |||
| Emberá-Catío[8] | [sʼokxo] | 'type of water jar' | |||
