Carnivoramorpha

Clade of carnivores From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Carnivoramorpha ("carnivoran-like forms") is a clade of placental mammals of clade Pan-Carnivora from mirorder Ferae, that includes the modern order Carnivora as well as extinct stem-group relatives that are more closely related to Carnivora proper than to "creodonts".[4][5]

Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Mirorder:Ferae
Clade:Pan-Carnivora
Quick facts Scientific classification, Subgroups ...
Carnivoramorpha
Temporal range: 66.043–0 Ma early Paleocene to present
Diversity of Carnivoramorpha
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Mirorder: Ferae
Clade: Pan-Carnivora
Clade: Carnivoramorpha
Wyss & Flynn, 1993[1]
Subgroups
[see classification]
Synonyms
  • Carnivora (Rose, 2012)[2]
  • Carnivoramoepha (Matsui & Kimura, 2022)[3]
  • Carnivoramomorpha (Wyss & Flynn, 1993)
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General characteristics

The common feature for members of this clade is the presence of the carnassial teeth. The carnassial teeth of the Carnivoramorpha are upper premolar P4 and lower molar m1.[6]

Comparison of carnassial teeth of a carnivoran (wolf), a hyaenodontid (Hyaenodon) and an oxyaenid (Oxyaena)
skull of wolf
skull of Viverravus minutus
skull of Vulpavus profectus

Classification and phylogeny

Traditional classification

Revised classification

Recent phylogenetic studies indicate that the superfamily Miacoidea and family Miacidae are paraphyletic, with "miacids" being more closely related to carnivorans than to viverravids. In 2010 Flynn, Finarelli & Spaulding named a new clade Carnivoraformes within Carnivoramorpha, containing carnivorans and "miacids" but not viverravids.[7] The authors defined Carnivoraformes as the clade containing Carnivora and all taxa that are more closely related to Carnivora (represented by Canis lupus) than to viverravids (represented by Viverravus gracilis).

  • Clade: Carnivoramorpha (Wyss & Flynn, 1993) [= Carnivora (sensu lato)]
    • Clade: Carnivoraformes (Flynn, 2010) [= Clade "A"]
      • Genus: †Africtis (Mattingly, 2020)
      • Genus: †Dawsonicyon (Spaulding, Flynn & Stucky, 2010)
      • Genus: †Miacis (Cope, 1872)
      • (unranked): Clade "B"
        • Family: †Quercygalidae (Kretzoi, 1945)
        • (unranked): †Gracilocyon/Oodectes clade
        • Genus: †Messelogale (Springhorn, 2000)
        • Genus: †Miocyon (Matthew, 1909)
        • Genus: †Simamphicyon (Viret, 1942)
        • Genus: †Uintacyon (paraphyletic genus) (Leidy, 1872)
        • Genus: †Xinyuictis (Zheng, 1975)
        • Genus: †Zodiocyon (Tong & Wang, 2006)
      • (unranked): Clade "C"
        • Genus: †Dormaalocyon (Solé, 2014)
        • (unranked): †Vulpavus clade
        • Incertae sedis:
          • †"Miacis" deutschi (Gingerich, 1983)
          • †"Miacis" exiguus (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
      • (unranked): Clade "D"
        • Order: Carnivora [sensu stricto] (Bowdich, 1821) (carnivorans) [= Clade "E"]
        • Genus: †Ceruttia (Tomiya, 2013)
        • Genus: †Harpalodon (Marsh, 1872)
        • Genus: †Lycarion (Matthew, 1909)
        • Genus: †Neovulpavus (Wortman, 1901)
        • Genus: †Procynodictis (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)
        • Genus: †Prodaphaenus (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)
        • Genus: †Tapocyon (Stock, 1934)
        • Genus: †Walshius (Tomiya, 2013)
        • Incertae sedis:
          • †"Miacis" gracilis (Clark, 1939)
          • †"Miacis" hargeri (Wortman, 1901)
          • †"Miacis" invictus (Matthew & Granger, 1925)
          • †"Miacis" lushiensis (Chow, 1975)
          • †Carnivoraformes sp. [SDSNH 49600] (Poust & Tomiya, 2024)
      • Incertae sedis:
        • †"Miacis" boqinghensis (Huang, 1999)
        • †"Miacis" hookwayi (Stock, 1934)
        • †"Miacis" latidens (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
        • †"Miacis" petilus (Gingerich, 1983)
        • †Carnivoraformes undet. Genus A (Tomiya, 2013)
        • †Carnivoraformes undet. Genus B (Tomiya, 2013)
      • ichnotaxa of Carnivoraformes:
        • Ichnogenus: †Falcatipes (Sargeant & Langston, 1994)
    • (unranked): †Viverravidae [sensu lato]
      • Superfamily: †Viverravoidea (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)
        • Family: †Viverravidae [sensu stricto] (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)
      • Genus: †Ravenictis (Fox & Youzwyshyn, 1994)
      • Incertae sedis:
        • †Carnivoramorpha sp. [UALVP 50993 & UALVP 50994] (Fox, Scott & Rankin, 2010)
    • Incertae sedis:
      • †"Sinopa" insectivorus (Cope, 1872)
      • †Carnivoramorpha sp. [UALVP 31176] (Fox & Youzwyshyn, 1994)
      • †Carnivoramorpha sp. [USNM 538395] (Rose, 2012)

See also

References

Further reading

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