Chilcatay Formation
Geologic formation in Peru
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The Chilcatay Formation is a geologic formation located in Peru. The formation was deposited in the Pisco Basin, during the Early Miocene, roughly from 19.2 to 18.0 Ma. Fossil remains of baleen whales, sharks, and rays have been found in the formation.[2][3]
| Chilcatay Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Early Miocene (Burdigalian)[1] ~ | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Pisco Basin |
| Underlies | Pisco Formation |
| Overlies | Otuma Formation |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Sandstone, siltstone |
| Location | |
| Country | Peru |
Paleobiota of the Chilcatay Formation
Mammals
Dolphins
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huaridelphis | H. raimondii | A squalodelphinid river dolphin | [4] | ||
| Ensidelphis | E. riveroi | A river dolphin | [5] | ||
| Furcacetus | F. flexirostrum | A river dolphin | [5] | ||
| Incacetus | I. broggii | A kentriodontid dolphin | |||
| cf. Kentriodon | cf. K. sp. | A kentriodontid dolphin | |||
| Macrosqualodelphis | M. ukupachai | A squalodelphinid river dolphin | [6] | ||
| Notocetus | N. vanbenedeni | A squalodelphinid river dolphin | |||
| Squalodelphinidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A river dolphin |
Whales
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amphidelphis | A. bakersfieldensis | A cranium | [7] | ||
| Cetotheriidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | ||||
| Chaeomysticeti | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A partial skull (CTZ 02) | A baleen whale; either a late-diverging stem mysticete or an early-branching crown mysticete | ||
| A badly damaged dentary (ZM 98) | A baleen whale; crownward of Eomysticetidae | ||||
| A skull (ZM 152) | A crown-group baleen whale, possibly a basal plicogulan | ||||
| Chilcacetus | C. cavirhinus | A toothed whale | [8] | ||
| C. ullujayensis | |||||
| Diaphorocetus | D. otergai | A physeteroid sperm whale | [9] | ||
| Eurhinodelphinidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A toothed whale | |||
| Inticetus | I. vertizi | A toothed whale | [10] | ||
| Mysticeti | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A baleen whale | |||
| Odontoceti | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A toothed whale | |||
| Rhaphicetus | R. valenciae | A physeteroid sperm whale | [11] |
Seals
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pinnipedia | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A seal |
Birds
Penguins
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palaeospheniscus | P. sp. | An early penguin |
Reptiles
Turtles
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testudines | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A turtle |
Crocodilians
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sacacosuchus | S. cordovai | A gavialid crocodilian | [12] |
Cartilaginous fish
Rays
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cf. Anoxypristis | cf. A. sp. | A rostral spine | A sawfish | ||
| Dasyatidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | Dermal denticles | A whiptail stingray | ||
| Myliobatoidea | Gen. et. sp. indet. | Teeth | A stingray; several of the teeth compare favorably with Myliobatis eagle rays | ||
Sharks
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alopias | A. superciliosus | Teeth | The bigeye thresher | ||
| A. cf. vulpinus | Teeth | Tentatively assigned to the common thresher | |||
| Anotodus | A. agassizii | Teeth | A thresher shark | ||
| Carcharhinus | C. brachyurus | Teeth | The copper shark | ||
| C. dicelmai[13] | |||||
| C. cf. leucas | A tooth | Tentatively assigned to the bull shark | |||
| Carcharias | C. sp. | Teeth | A sand tiger shark | ||
| Carcharodon | C. subauriculatus | A white shark | |||
| Cosmopolitodus | C. hastalis | Teeth | White sharks | ||
| C. plicatilis | Teeth | ||||
| Galeocerdo | G. aduncus | Teeth | A tiger shark | ||
| Hemipristis | H. serra | Teeth | A weasel shark | ||
| Isurus | I. oxyrinchus | Teeth | The shortfin mako shark | ||
| Megalolamna | M. paradoxodon | A tooth | A megatoothed shark | ||
| Megachasma | M. cf. applegatei | Teeth | A megamouth shark | ||
| Negaprion | N. brevirostris | Teeth | The lemon shark | ||
| Otodus | O. chubutensis | Teeth | A megatoothed shark; sometimes placed in separate genus Carcharocles | ||
| Parotodus | P. benedenii | Teeth | A possible megatoothed shark | ||
| Physogaleus | P. contortus | Teeth | A ground shark | ||
| Sphyrna | S. zygaena | Teeth | The smooth hammerhead | ||
| Squatina | S. sp. | Teeth | An angel shark | ||