Chilcatay Formation
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Geologic formation in Peru
| Chilcatay Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Early Miocene (Burdigalian)[1] ~19.2–18.0 Ma | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Pisco Basin |
| Underlies | Pisco Formation |
| Overlies | Otuma Formation |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Sandstone, siltstone |
| Location | |
| Country | Peru |
The Chilcatay Formation is a geologic formation located in Peru. The formation was deposited in the Pisco Basin, during the Early Miocene, roughly from 19.2 to 18.0 Ma. Fossil remains of baleen whales, sharks, and rays have been found in the formation.[2][3]
Mammals
Dolphins
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huaridelphis | H. raimondii | A squalodelphinid river dolphin | [4] | ||
| Ensidelphis | E. riveroi | A river dolphin | [5] | ||
| Furcacetus | F. flexirostrum | A river dolphin | [5] | ||
| Incacetus | I. broggii | A kentriodontid dolphin | |||
| cf. Kentriodon | cf. K. sp. | A kentriodontid dolphin | |||
| Macrosqualodelphis | M. ukupachai | A squalodelphinid river dolphin | [6] | ||
| Notocetus | N. vanbenedeni | A squalodelphinid river dolphin | |||
| Squalodelphinidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A river dolphin |
Whales
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amphidelphis | A. bakersfieldensis | A cranium | [7] | ||
| Cetotheriidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | ||||
| Chaeomysticeti | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A partial skull (CTZ 02) | A baleen whale; either a late-diverging stem mysticete or an early-branching crown mysticete | ||
| A badly damaged dentary (ZM 98) | A baleen whale; crownward of Eomysticetidae | ||||
| A skull (ZM 152) | A crown-group baleen whale, possibly a basal plicogulan | ||||
| Chilcacetus | C. cavirhinus | A toothed whale | [8] | ||
| C. ullujayensis | |||||
| Diaphorocetus | D. otergai | A physeteroid sperm whale | [9] | ||
| Eurhinodelphinidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A toothed whale | |||
| Inticetus | I. vertizi | A toothed whale | [10] | ||
| Mysticeti | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A baleen whale | |||
| Odontoceti | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A toothed whale | |||
| Rhaphicetus | R. valenciae | A physeteroid sperm whale | [11] |
Seals
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pinnipedia | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A seal |
Birds
Penguins
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palaeospheniscus | P. sp. | An early penguin |
Reptiles
Turtles
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testudines | Gen. et. sp. indet. | A turtle |
Crocodilians
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sacacosuchus | S. cordovai | A gavialid crocodilian | [12] |
Cartilaginous fish
Rays
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cf. Anoxypristis | cf. A. sp. | A rostral spine | A sawfish | ||
| Dasyatidae | Gen. et. sp. indet. | Dermal denticles | A whiptail stingray | ||
| Myliobatoidea | Gen. et. sp. indet. | Teeth | A stingray; several of the teeth compare favorably with Myliobatis eagle rays | ||
Sharks
| Taxa | Species | Material | Description | Images | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alopias | A. superciliosus | Teeth | The bigeye thresher | ||
| A. cf. vulpinus | Teeth | Tentatively assigned to the common thresher | |||
| Anotodus | A. agassizii | Teeth | A thresher shark | ||
| Carcharhinus | C. brachyurus | Teeth | The copper shark | ||
| C. dicelmai[13] | |||||
| C. cf. leucas | A tooth | Tentatively assigned to the bull shark | |||
| Carcharias | C. sp. | Teeth | A sand tiger shark | ||
| Carcharodon | C. subauriculatus | A white shark | |||
| Cosmopolitodus | C. hastalis | Teeth | White sharks | ||
| C. plicatilis | Teeth | ||||
| Galeocerdo | G. aduncus | Teeth | A tiger shark | ||
| Hemipristis | H. serra | Teeth | A weasel shark | ||
| Isurus | I. oxyrinchus | Teeth | The shortfin mako shark | ||
| Megalolamna | M. paradoxodon | A tooth | A megatoothed shark | ||
| Megachasma | M. cf. applegatei | Teeth | A megamouth shark | ||
| Negaprion | N. brevirostris | Teeth | The lemon shark | ||
| Otodus | O. chubutensis | Teeth | A megatoothed shark; sometimes placed in separate genus Carcharocles | ||
| Parotodus | P. benedenii | Teeth | A possible megatoothed shark | ||
| Physogaleus | P. contortus | Teeth | A ground shark | ||
| Sphyrna | S. zygaena | Teeth | The smooth hammerhead | ||
| Squatina | S. sp. | Teeth | An angel shark | ||
References
- ↑ Bosio, Giulia; Malinverno, Elisa; Villa, Igor Maria; Di Celma, Claudio; Gariboldi, Karen; Gioncada, Anna; Barberini, Valentina; Urbina, Mario; Bianucci, Giovanni (2020-03-25). "Tephrochronology and chronostratigraphy of the Miocene Chilcatay and Pisco formations (East Pisco Basin, Peru)". Newsletters on Stratigraphy. 53 (2): 213–247. Bibcode:2020NewSt..53..213B. doi:10.1127/nos/2019/0525. ISSN 0078-0421.
- ↑ Nobile, Francesco; Lambert, Olivier; Bianucci, Giovanni; Amson, Eli; Bosselaers, Mark; Bosio, Giulia; Pellegrino, Luca; Malinverno, Elisa; Di Celma, Claudio; Urbina, Mario; Collareta, Alberto (2025-03-13). "Surviving a Dark Age: The Oldest Baleen-Bearing Whales (Cetacea: Chaeomysticeti) of Pacific South America (Lower Miocene, Peru)". Life. 15 (3): 452. doi:10.3390/life15030452. ISSN 2075-1729. PMC 11944254. PMID 40141799.
- ↑ Landini, Walter; Collareta, Alberto; Di Celma, Claudio; Malinverno, Elisa; Urbina, Mario; Bianucci, Giovanni (2019-04-01). "The early Miocene elasmobranch assemblage from Zamaca (Chilcatay Formation, Peru)". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 91: 352–371. Bibcode:2019JSAES..91..352L. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2018.08.004. ISSN 0895-9811.
- ↑ Olivier Lambert; Giovanni Bianucci; Mario Urbina (2014). "Huaridelphis raimondii, a new early Miocene Squalodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Chilcatay Formation, Peru". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (5): 987–1004. Bibcode:2014JVPal..34..987L. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.858050. S2CID 131282891.
- 1 2 Giovanni Bianucci; Christian de Muizon; Mario Urbina; Olivier Lambert (2020). "Extensive diversity and disparity of the early Miocene platanistoids (Cetacea, Odontoceti) in the southeastern Pacific (Chilcatay Formation, Peru)". Life. 10 (3) 27. Bibcode:2020Life...10...27B. doi:10.3390/life10030027. PMC 7151620. PMID 32197480.
- ↑ Giovanni Bianucci; Giulia Bosio; Elisa Malinverno; Christian de Muizon; Igor M. Villa; Mario Urbina; Olivier Lambert (2018). "A new large squalodelphinid (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from Peru sheds light on the Early Miocene platanistoid disparity and ecology". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (4) 172302. Bibcode:2018RSOS....572302B. doi:10.1098/rsos.172302. PMC 5936943. PMID 29765678.
- ↑ Lambert, O.; de Muizon, C.; Bennion, R. F.; Urbina, M.; Bianucci, G. (2025). "New data on archaic homodont odontocetes from the Early Miocene of Peru reveal a second species of Chilcacetus Lambert, Muizon & Bianucci, 2015 and a Southern Hemisphere record for a northeastern Pacific species". Geodiversitas. 47 (9): 369–408. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a9.
- ↑ Olivier Lambert; Christian De Muizon; Giovanni Bianucci (2015). "A new archaic homodont toothed cetacean (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the early Miocene of Peru". Geodiversitas. 37 (1): 79–108. doi:10.5252/g2015n1a4. hdl:11568/773624. S2CID 53635118.
- ↑ Lambert, O.; Collareta, A.; Benites-Palomino, A.; Merella, M.; de Muizon, C.; Bennion, R.; Urbina, M.; Bianucci, G. (2023). "A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna". Geodiversitas. 45 (20): 659–679. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a22. S2CID 265679399.
- ↑ Olivier Lambert; Christian de Muizon; Elisa Malinverno; Claudio Di Celma; Mario Urbina; Giovanni Bianucci (2017). "A new odontocete (toothed cetacean) from the Early Miocene of Peru expands the morphological disparity of extinct heterodont dolphins". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 16 (12): 981–1016. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1359689. hdl:11568/891482. S2CID 90193360.
- ↑ Olivier Lambert; Christian de Muizon; Mario Urbina; Giovanni Bianucci (2020). "A new longirostrine sperm whale (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the lower Miocene of the Pisco Basin (southern coast of Peru)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (20): 1707–1742. Bibcode:2020JSPal..18.1707L. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1805520. S2CID 221838686.
- ↑ Salas-Gismondi R, Ochoa D, Jouve S, Romero PE, Cardich J, Perez A, DeVries T, Baby P, Urbina M, Carré M (2022). "Miocene fossils from the southeastern Pacific shed light on the last radiation of marine crocodylians". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 289 (1974) 20220380. doi:10.1098/rspb.2022.0380. PMC 9091840. PMID 35538785.
- ↑ Collareta, A.; Kindlimann, R.; Baglioni, A.; Landini, W.; Sarti, G.; Altamirano, A.; Urbina, M.; Bianucci, G. (2022). "Dental Morphology, Palaeoecology and Palaeobiogeographic Significance of a New Species of Requiem Shark (Genus Carcharhinus) from the Lower Miocene of Peru (East Pisco Basin, Chilcatay Formation)". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 10 (10). 1466. doi:10.3390/jmse10101466. hdl:11568/1160771.