Convoy battles of World War II
Attacks on warships protecting cargo ships
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Convoy Battles of World War II occurred when convoys of warships protected cargo ships assembled for mutual defence and were attacked by submarines, surface ships and/or aircraft. Most were in the North Atlantic from 1939 to 1943 and involved attacks by U-boat wolfpacks. Convoy battles also occurred in the Arctic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and western Pacific Ocean.
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Battles
| Convoy | Escort | Located[1] | Ships | Bombers | U-boats[1] | Sunk[1] | GRT[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Convoy HX 65 | — | 24 August 1940[2] | — | 12[3] | 3[4] | 7[4] | 42,311[4] |
| Convoy HX 72[5] [6] | — | 20 September 1940 | — | — | 9 | 11 | 72,727 |
| Convoy SC 7 | — | 16 October 1940 | — | — | 7 | 20 | 79,592 |
| Convoy HX 79 | — | 19 October 1940 | — | — | 5 | 12 | 75,069 |
| Convoy HX 84[7] | HMS Jervis Bay | 5 November 1940 | Scheer | — | — | 5 | 33,331 |
| Convoy HX 90 | —[8] | 1 December 1940 | — | — | 7 | 11 | 73,958 |
| Convoy HG 53 | — | 8 February 1941[9] | Hipper[9] | 5[9] | 1[9] | 9[9] | 15,218[9] |
| Convoy SL 64 | —[9] | 12 February 1941[9] | Hipper[9] | — | — | 7[9] | 32,806[9] |
| Convoy OB 293 | — | 7 March 1941 | — | — | 4 | 2 | 27,206 |
| Convoy HX 112 | 5th EG[10] | 15 March 1941 | — | — | 5 | 5 | 34,505 |
| Convoy SC 26 | 1 April 1941 | — | — | 8 | 10 | 51,969 | |
| Convoy OB 318 | 3rd EG[11] | 7 May 1941 | — | — | 4 | 9 | 50,985 |
| Convoy HX 126 | HMS Aurania[12] | 19 May 1941 | — | — | 11 | 9 | 51,862 |
| Convoy OG 69 | — | 24 July 1941 | — | — | 8 | 7 | 11,303 |
| Convoy OG 71 | — | 17 August 1941 | — | — | 8 | 10 | 15,185 |
| Convoy SC 42 | NEF 24th EG[13] | 9 September 1941 | — | — | 19 | 16 | 68,259 |
| Convoy HG 73 | — | 19 September 1941 | — | — | 5 | 10 | 25,818 |
| Operation Halberd | Force H[14] | 25 September 1941[15] | 2 × BB[16] | 62[17] | 11[15] | 1[18] | 12,427[14] |
| Convoy SC 48 | EG 4.1.15[19] | 15 October 1941 | — | — | 9 | 11 | 49,835 |
| Convoy HG 76 | 36th EG[20] | 16 December 1941 | — | — | 10 | 4 | 18,383 |
| Convoy NA 2 | — | 31 January 1942 | — | — | 4 | 1 | 1,190 |
| ON 67 | TU 4.1.5[21] | 21 February 1942[21] | —[21] | —[21] | 5[21] | 8[21] | 54,750[22] |
| Second Battle of Sirte (Convoy MW 10)[23] | — | 21 March 1942 | Littorio | 9 | 3 | 2 | 17,031 |
| Convoy PQ 13 | — | 28 March 1942 | — | — | 9 | 2 | 11,507 |
| Convoy ON 92 | A-3[24] | 11 May 1942 | — | — | 6 | 7 | 36,284 |
| Convoy ON 100 | C-1[24] | 8 June 1942 | — | — | 6 | 5 | 20,478 |
| Operation Vigorous (Convoy MW 11)[25] | — | 12 June 1942 | — | — | 6 | 2 | 12,915 |
| Operation Harpoon (Convoy GM 4)[25] | Force X | 14 June 1942 | — | — | — | 4 | 29,129 |
| Convoy PQ 17[26] | 1st EG | 1 July 1942 | — | 202 sorties[27] | 9 | 16 | 102,311 |
| Convoy ON 115 | C-3[24] | 29 July 1942 | — | — | 12 | 3 | 21,456 |
| Convoy SC 94[24] | C-1 | 5 August 1942 | — | — | 17 | 11 | 53,421 |
| Operation Pedestal (Convoy WS.5.21.S)[28] | — | 10 August 1942 | — | 316 | 2 | 9 | 88,812 |
| Convoy ON 122[29] | B-6[29] | 22 August 1942 | — | — | 14 | 4 | 17,235 |
| Convoy ON 127 | C-4[29] | 9 September 1942 | — | — | 12 | 8 | 51,619 |
| Convoy PQ 18 | — | 12 September 1942 | — | 77 | 5 | 3 | 19,689 |
| Convoy SC 100[29] | C-4 | 18 September 1942 | — | — | 17 | 5 | 26,331 |
| Convoy QP 14 | — | 20 September 1942 | — | — | 7 | 6 | 23,474 |
| Convoy RB 1[30] | — | 23 September 1942 | — | — | 9 | 3 | 11,525 |
| Convoy SC 104[29] | B-6 | 12 October 1942 | — | — | 17 | 8 | 43,970 |
| Convoy HX 212[29] | A-3 | 26 October 1942 | — | — | 13 | 6 | 51,918 |
| Convoy SL 125 | — | 27 October 1942 | — | — | 10 | 12 | 80,005 |
| Convoy SC 107[29] | C-4 | 30 October 1942 | — | — | 16 | 15 | 82,817 |
| Convoy ON 144[29] | B-6 | 15 November 1942 | — | — | 13 | 6 | 26,321 |
| Convoy ON 153 | B-7[29] | 15 December 1942 | — | — | 13 | 4 | 19,551 |
| Convoy JW 51B[31] | — | 24 December 1942 | 2 × Heavy cruiser | — | 1 | — | —[32] |
| Convoy ONS 154[29] | C-1 | 26 December 1942[33] | 0[34] | —[34] | 16[33] | 14[34] | 66,922[35] |
| Convoy TM 1 | B-5[31] | 3 January 1943 | — | — | 14 | 7 | 56,453 |
| Convoy SC 118[29] | B-2 | 4 February 1943 | — | — | 20 | 11 | 59,765 |
| Convoy ON 166[29] | A-3 | 21 February 1943 | — | — | 19 | 14 | 88,001 |
| Convoy UC 1[36] | 44th EG[37] | 22 February 1943 | — | — | 11 | 3 | 26,682 |
| Battle of the Bismarck Sea (Convoy 81)[38] | 8 × DD | 1 March 1943 | 10 × MTB | 114 | — | 8 | 37,324 |
| Convoy SC 121[29] | A-3 | 6 March 1943 | — | — | 26 | 12 | 55,661 |
| Convoy HX 228[29] | B-3 | 10 March 1943 | — | — | 19 | 5 | 25,515 |
| Convoy UGS 6[39] | 12 March 1943 | — | — | 17 | 4 | 28,018 | |
| Convoy HX 229[29] | B-4 | 16 March 1943 | — | — | 43 | 13 | 93,502 |
| Convoy SC 122[29] | B-5 | 17 March 1943 | — | — | 43 | 9 | 53,094 |
| Convoy RS 3 | 27 March 1943 | — | — | 7 | 3 | 15,389 | |
| Convoy HX 231[29] | B-7 | 4 April 1943 | — | — | 11 | 6 | 41,494 |
| Convoy ONS 5[29] | B-7 | 28 April 1943 | — | — | 55 | 13 | 61,958 |
| Convoy TS 37 | — | 30 April 1943 | — | — | 1 | 7 | 43,255 |
| Convoy SC 130 | — | 18 May 1943 | — | — | 25 | — | — |
| Convoy JW 55B[40] | — | 22 December 1943 | Scharnhorst | — | 2 | — | —[32] |
| Convoy JW 56A | — | 25 January 1944 | — | — | 4 | 3 | 21,584[41] |
| Convoy Hi-40[42] | Shimushu[43] | 19 February 1944[43] | —[43] | —[43] | 2[43] | 5[43] | 28,075[42] |
| Convoy Hi-71[44] | 6th EG | 17 August 1944 | — | — | 6 | 5 | 73,071[45] |
| Convoy Hi-81[46] | 8th EG | 15 November 1944[46] | — | 1 | 6[47] | 3[46] | 36,100[47] |