Cultural dissimilation

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Opposition and reform
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v t e

Cultural dissimilation is the process in which a minority group or culture comes to unresemble a society's majority group or fully rejects the values, behaviors, and beliefs of another group. The melting pot model is fundamentally opposed to this concept. A related term is "cultural segregation", which describes the process of becoming economically and socially segregated from another society while retaining elements of one's former culture. Cultural dissimilation is opposed to multiculturalism (or a "cultural mosaic"), as dissimilation involves a minority group rejecting the dominant culture, while multiculturalism promotes the coexistence and preservation of multiple cultures.^[1] Other closely related concepts are dissociation from American scholar Eric Mark Kramer's theory of Dimensional Accrual and Dissociation (DAD)^[2] and separation from the fourfold model of acculturation.^[3] Though anthropologists have more often used antonym of dissimilation, assimilation, in literature regarding minorities, several others have made the term the crux of their research.^[4]

A phenomenon similar to it due to being a false cultural assimilation, "[cultural] dissimulation", meaning one entity pretending to be another, is recognized by academic literature as an effective coping strategy which does not warrant being reduced to negative connotations, e.g., in the case of the Islamic concept of taqiyya at the behest of "[s]ome less than scholarly policy-oriented studies", instead "show[ing] the robustness of intergroup differences". It is argued by American anthropologist Hande Sözer to be more specifically characterized as a "social mechanism involving similarity in opposition".^[4]

Perspective of dominant culture

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There has been little to no existing research or evidence that demonstrates whether and how immigrant's mobility gains—assimilating to a dominant country such as language ability, socioeconomic status etc.— causes changes in the perception of those who were born in the dominant country. This essential type of research provides information on how immigrants are accepted into dominant countries. In an article by Ariela Schachter, titled "From "different" to "similar": an experimental approach to understanding assimilation", a survey was taken of white American citizens to view their perception of immigrants who now resided in the United States.^[5] The survey indicated the whites tolerated immigrants in their home country. White natives are open to having "structural" relation with the immigrants-origin individuals, for instance, friends and neighbors; however, this was with the exception of black immigrants and natives and undocumented immigrants.^[5] However, at the same time, white Americans viewed all non-white Americans, regardless of legal status, as dissimilar.

A similar journal by Jens Hainmueller and Daniel J. Hopkins titled "The Hidden American Immigration Consensus: A Conjoint Analysis of Attitudes toward Immigrants" confirmed similar attitudes towards immigrants.^[6] The researchers used an experiment to reach their goal which was to test nine theoretical relevant attributes of hypothetical immigrants. Asking a population-based sample of U.S. citizens to decide between pairs of immigrants applying for admission to the United States, the U.S. citizen would see an application with information for two immigrants including notes about their education status, country, origin, and other attributes. The results showed Americans viewed educated immigrants in high-status jobs favourably, whereas they view the following groups unfavourably: those who lack plans to work, those who entered without authorization, those who are not fluent in English and those of Iraqi descent.

v t e Culture
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v t e Ethnicity
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Related	Minzu (anthropology)

Cultural dissimilation

Perspective of dominant culture

See also

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