Draft:Source Four
A lighting fixture for stage and film
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Source Four (Source 4 or S4) is the brand name for entertainment lighting fixtures manufactured by Electronic Theatre Controls (ETC). The name originally applied to the HPL lamp and ellipsoidal reflector spotlight (ERS) first produced in 1992,[1] but now applies to the series of related fixtures, and often–erroneously–for any type of ERS as a generic trademark. It can be combined with separate, rotatable interchangeable lens barrels to create different field angles, as well as other fixture bodies to become other luminaire types such as a PAR or Fresnel.[2][3] It is commonly found in theaters, film/television studios, churches, concert halls, museums, theme parks, and other multipurpose spaces.
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Last edited by Hugtrain (talk | contribs) 39 days ago. (Update) |
| Source Four | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Fixture Details | |
| Fixture Type(s) | ERS, PAR, Fresnel |
| Purpose(s) | Spot, Wash, Cyc |
| Rigging Method(s) | Yoke, Track-mount (MO), Canopy (MO) |
| Models | Junior, Mini, PAR, Fresnel, PARNel, 4WRD, 4WRD II, 4WRD Color, 4WRD Color II, LED |
| Lamp Type(s) | HPL, QXL, LED, Lustr |
| Data Input | Line, DMX (3-pin & 5-pin) |
| Color(s) | Black, White |
| Automated | S4 Revolution Only |
| Production | |
| Inventor(s) | David Cunningham, Gregg Esakoff |
| First Sold | 1992 |
| Manufacturer(s) | ETC |
| Currently Produced | Yes |
| Website | https://www.etcconnect.com/Products/Entertainment-Fixtures/Source-Four/ |
The Source Four is named for the four-filament design in the lamp invented by David Cunningham and Greg Esakoff of Entertec.[4][5][6] The main advantage of this specific design over the previous ERS models is its improvements to light emission, heat dissipation and power efficiency.[7][8][9] Heat dissipation is improved due to a dichroic glass reflector that only reflects visible light and allows infrared light to pass through to the cooling system at the back of the fixture.[3] It is also credited for its minimal light spill and focus controllability.[10][11]
Incandescent models use 375 watt, 575 watt, and 750 watt High Performance Lamps (HPLs) manufactured by USHIO. The four filament design of the bulbs are near 40% more efficient with a 600 watt outputting light equivalent to a traditional 1000 watt bulb.[3] Unlike previous ERS lights, the bulb on a Source Four is in line with the lenses, rather than at an angle.[3] All Source Fours are constructed from die-cast aluminum.[12]
Source Four
The Source Four is based on an interchangeable lamp base and shutter barrel to which various lens tubes can be added. These range in size from 5° all the way to 90°, with 26°, 36°, and 50° being most common. It can also be equipped with either of two zoom barrels that can angle 15° to 30°, and 25° to 50° respectively.[12] It can hold A, B, and Glass size patterns and gel media holders range from 6.25" to 14" frames depending on lens barrel.[13]
Source Four jr
The Source Four jr is a smaller, less expensive version of the source four fixture. They come in four barrel angles variants 26°, 36°, 50°, and a zoom lens between 25° to 50°.[14] Unlike the standard Source Four, the Source Four jr does not have interchangeable lenses. It is equipped with a smaller M-size pattern holder and 6.25" gel media holder.[13]
Other Models & Lines
Incandescent:
- The Source Four Mini is the smallest fixture in the Source Four line at 9" long. It is mainly for use in museums and lecture halls[15]
- The Source Four PAR & PARnel, introduced in 1995,[16] is a fixture body that attaches to the Source Four Lamp base to act like a PAR64 lamp. It creates a similar effect to a PAR fixture, but uses the HPL bulb rather than the now discontinued PAR64. The PARnel is similar, except rather than separate, interchangeable lenses, the beam angle can be adjusted with a knob on the back similar to a fresnel.[17]
- The Source Four Fresnel is a fresnel style fixture that uses the same Source Four base and lamp as other Source Four products. [11]
- The Source Four Revolution is a discontinued moving head fixture first introduced in 2004.[18] It used a modular system including a 24-cell color scroller assembly, motorized zoom, and iris and shutter controls. It also had pan and tilt functions and used a QXL (Quick eXchange Lamp, also manufactured by USHIO) bulb.[19][20][21]
LED:
- The Source Four LED line first launched in March of 2012 as the Source Four LED Series 1 Tungsten, Daylight, and Lustr+.[22] They used different versions of the Selador X7 LED array named after the company ETC acquired in 2009.[23] The Lustr+ used a 7 colour LED array of red, green, amber, white, cyan and indigo. In 2014 ETC launched the Source Four LED Series 2 Lustr that replaced the white with a lime LED.The Tungsten and Daylight Series 2 models followed a few months later. These were supplanted by the Source Four LED Series 3 in 2021, cutting the Tungsten model. The Series 3 Lustr X8 system added deep red to the existing X7 LED palette of red, green, blue, amber, cyan, indigo, and lime. The Daylight model features a palette of red, mint, blue, indigo, cyan, and deep red.
- Source 4WRD (a portmanteau of "four" and "forward") is a line of LED fixtures, as well as LED lamps meant to supplant conventional Source Four lamp bases. It was first introduced in 2016. Source 4WRD Color introduced an RGBA LED Array. It is compatible with any full-size Source Four fixture including PAR and Fresnel.
Gallery
A Source Four with a Ten Degree barrel. Mounted for followspot use.
Source Four PAR fixtures
Source 4 ERSs and PARS
Source 4 ERSs, and PARs
Source 4 fixtures with Top Hats
An electrician focusing Source 4 fixtures
