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2012 Galician regional election

Election in the Spanish region of Galicia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A regional election was held in Galicia on 21 October 2012 to elect the 9th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in the Basque Country.

Registered2,697,717 Increase 1.9%
Turnout1,481,379 (54.9%)
Decrease 9.5 pp
Quick facts All 75 seats in the Parliament of Galicia 38 seats needed for a majority, Registered ...
2012 Galician regional election

 2009
21 October 2012
2016 

All 75 seats in the Parliament of Galicia
38 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered2,697,717 Increase 1.9%
Turnout1,481,379 (54.9%)
Decrease 9.5 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Alberto Núñez Feijóo Pachi Vázquez Xosé Manuel Beiras
Party PP PSdeG–PSOE AGE
Leader since 15 January 2006 25 April 2009 7 September 2012
Leader's seat Pontevedra Ourense A Coruña
Last election 38 seats, 46.7% 25 seats, 31.0% 0 seats, 1.0%[a]
Seats won 41 18 9
Seat change Increase 3 Decrease 7 Increase 9
Popular vote 661,281 297,584 200,828
Percentage 45.8% 20.6% 13.9%
Swing Decrease 0.9 pp Decrease 10.4 pp Increase 12.9 pp

  Fourth party
 
Leader Francisco Jorquera
Party BNG
Leader since 29 January 2012
Leader's seat A Coruña
Last election 12 seats, 16.0%
Seats won 7
Seat change Decrease 5
Popular vote 146,027
Percentage 10.1%
Swing Decrease 5.9 pp

Constituency results map for the Parliament of Galicia

President before election

Alberto Núñez Feijóo
PP

President after election

Alberto Núñez Feijóo
PP

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President Alberto Núñez Feijóo announced the election following Lehendakari Patxi López's decision to schedule a Basque snap regional election for 21 October 2012.[1][2] The vote was seen as an electoral test on the economic policy of Mariano Rajoy's government, which had been elected at the 2011 Spanish general election and had undertaken harsh spending cuts which had seen its popularity ratings plummet in opinion polls.[3] Feijóo aimed at securing reelection for a second term in office at the helm of the regional People's Party (PP), for which he needed the party to retain the absolute majority it commanded in parliament to prevent an alternative coalition being formed between the Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) and the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG), similarly to the one in power in the 2005–2009 period.[4][5]

The election resulted in an increased majority for Feijóo, as support for both the PSdeG and BNG plunged amid internal party infighting and disillusion from left-from-centre voters.[6] The Galician Left Alternative (AGE) alliance, headed by former BNG leader Xosé Manuel Beiras and comprising United Left (EU) and Beiras's newly created party Anova, obtained a surprise result with 200,000 votes and 14% of the share, scoring in third place regionally and displacing the PSdeG in second place in the cities of A Coruña, Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela.[7] The fragmentation of the left-wing vote and the high abstention rate—with slightly over 45% of the electorate not casting a ballot—favoured the PP enlarging its majority despite seeing a drop of over 100,000 ballots from 2009.[8]

Background

The election was held amid a climate of falling popularity for the Spanish government under Mariano Rajoy, with the electoral campaign being focused on the austerity measures and spending cuts approved by the national PP government.[3] In July 2012, a €65 billion-worth spending cut and a VAT rise from 18% to 21% was introduced, with such measures being heavily criticised because they were a breach of key campaign promises made by the PP in the party's election manifesto.[9][10] The PP vote share had plummeted in national opinion polls from 40% to 34% as a result, raising fears within Núñez Feijóo's regional government on the possibility of losing their overall majority in the Galician regional election; this had seen an attempt to reform the regional electoral law by decreasing the size of the Parliament of Galicia from 75 to 61, under a seat apportionment that was seen as benefitting the PP's rural strongholds.[11][12] The reform did not come to pass as a result of the snap poll and a lack of consensus with opposition parties for its approval.[13]

The Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) had split following its 13th national assembly in January 2012 over dissatisfaction with the bloc's political line and the control exercised by the Galician People's Union (UPG).[14] Among the splitting forces were Xosé Manuel Beiras's Encontro Irmandiño (EI),[15] Nationalist Left (EN),[16] Máis Galiza (+G),[17] the Galician Nationalist Party–Galicianist Party (PNG–PG),[18] the Galician Workers' Front (FOGA) and the Galician Socialist Space (ESG),[19] whereas Inzar and the Socialist Collective chose to dissolve.[20] The split parties would rally around a broad umbrella dubbed as the Novo Proxecto Común (English: "New Common Project"),[21] which would provide the basis for the emergence of two new political forces: EI and the FOGA would join other political forces—such as the Galician People's Front (FPG) and Movemento pola Base (MpB)—into the new Renewal–Nationalist Brotherhood (Anova) party,[22][23] while EN would merge with +G, ESG, PNG–PG, Terra Galega, Espazo Ecosocialista Galego and Acción Galega into the newly established Commitment to Galicia (CxG).[24][25]

Overview

Under the 1981 Statute of Autonomy, the Parliament of Galicia was the unicameral legislature of the homonymous autonomous community, having legislative power in devolved matters, as well as the ability to grant or withdraw confidence from a regional president.[26] The electoral and procedural rules were supplemented by national law provisions.[27]

Date

The term of the Parliament of Galicia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than 25 days before the scheduled expiration date of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Journal of Galicia (DOG), with election day taking place 54 days after the decree's publication.[28] The previous election was held on 1 March 2009, which meant that the chamber's term would have expired on 1 March 2013. The election decree was required to be published in the DOG no later than 5 February 2013, setting the latest possible date for election day on 31 March 2013.

The regional president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament of Galicia at any given time and call a snap election, provided that it did not occur before one year after a previous one under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.[29]

Speculation on the 2013 Galician election being held ahead of schedule emerged after opinion polls at the end of 2011—shortly after the 2011 Spanish general election which saw a landslide victory for the People's Party (PP) across Spain—pointed to an "historic absolute majority" for the party in the region.[30][31] In February 2012, Galician president Alberto Núñez Feijóo had ruled out a snap election "before the summer",[32][33] a decision that he reiterated after the Andalusian regional election on 25 March had seen the PP losing over 400,000 votes in comparison to the party's 2011 general election results in the region.[34] The media pointed out that Feijóo could be considering an autumn election instead,[35][36] in order to prevent further spending cuts from the national PP government from affecting his image,[37][38] On 21 August 2012, Lehendakari Patxi López's announcement of a snap Basque election for 21 October left Feijóo little room for an autumn election,[1][39] and one week later he called a snap election in Galicia to be held concurrently with the Basque poll.[2][40]

The Parliament of Galicia was officially dissolved on 28 August 2012 with the publication of the corresponding decree in the DOG, setting election day for 21 October and scheduling for the chamber to reconvene on 16 November.[41]

Electoral system

Voting for the Parliament is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Galicia and with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence, nor were legally incapacitated.[42] Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting (Spanish: Voto rogado).[43][44]

The Parliament of Galicia had a minimum of 60 and a maximum of 80 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 75. All were elected in four multi-member constituencies—corresponding to the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra, each of which was assigned an initial minimum of 10 seats and the remaining 35 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a five percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency.[45] The use of this electoral method resulted in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution.[46]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Parliament constituency was entitled the following seats:[47]

More information Seats, Constituencies ...
Seats Constituencies
24 A Coruña
22 Pontevedra
15 Lugo
14 Ourense
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The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term were filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.[48]

Outgoing parliament

The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the chamber at the time of dissolution.[49][50]

More information Groups, Parties ...
Parliamentary composition in August 2012
Groups Parties Legislators
Seats Total
People's Parliamentary Group of Galicia PP 38 38
Socialists of Galicia's Parliamentary Group PSdeG–PSOE 25 25
Galician Nationalist Bloc's Parliamentary Group BNG 12 12
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Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list.[51] Additionally, a balanced composition of men and women was required in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition.[52]

Below is a list of the main parties and alliances which contested the election:

Campaign

Debates

More information Date, Organizer(s) ...
2012 Galician regional election debates
Date Organizer(s) Moderator(s)     P  Present[b]    NI  Not invited 
PP PSdeG BNG Audience Ref.
8 October TVG Marga Pazos P
Feijóo
P
Vázquez
NI 31.3%
(362,000)
[60]
[61]
9 October TVG Marga Pazos NI P
Vázquez
P
Jorquera
19.5%
(221,000)
[62]
[63]
10 October TVG Marga Pazos P
Feijóo
NI P
Jorquera
24.9%
(289.000)
[64]
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Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Galicia.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls   Exit poll

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Preferred President

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become president of the Regional Government of Galicia.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Results

Overall

More information Parties and alliances, Popular vote ...
Summary of the 21 October 2012 Parliament of Galicia election results
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 661,28145.80−0.88 41+3
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 297,58420.61−10.41 18−7
Galician Left Alternative (United LeftAnova) (AGE)1 200,82813.91+12.94 9+9
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 146,02710.11−5.90 7−5
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 21,3351.48+0.07 0±0
Blank Seats (EB) 17,1411.19New 0±0
Civil Society and Democracy (SCD) 15,9901.11New 0±0
Commitment to Galicia (CxG)2 14,5861.01−0.10 0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 8,0410.56New 0±0
Ourensan Democracy (DO) 4,2450.29+0.23 0±0
Land Party (PT) 3,1310.22New 0±0
Communists of Galicia (PCPE–CdG) 1,6640.12New 0±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 1,5560.11New 0±0
Pirates of Galicia (Pirata.gal) 1,5510.11New 0±0
Liberal Democratic Centre (CDL) 1,4550.10New 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 1,3520.09+0.05 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1,3400.09+0.02 0±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,3290.09−0.12 0±0
Corunnan Union (UC) 1,1720.08New 0±0
XXI Convergence (C.XXI) 1,0720.07New 0±0
Hartos.org (Hartos.org) 8680.06New 0±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 4890.03+0.01 0±0
Let us Give the Change (DeC) 4320.03New 0±0
Social Democratic Party of Law (SDD) 4120.03+0.01 0±0
Centre Democratic Action of Galicia (ADCG) 3600.02New 0±0
Community Integration Party (PYC) 1590.01New 0±0
Blank ballots 38,4482.66+1.00
Total 1,443,848 75±0
Valid votes 1,443,84897.47−1.64
Invalid votes 37,5312.53+1.64
Votes cast / turnout 1,481,37954.91−9.52
Abstentions 1,216,33845.09+9.52
Registered voters 2,697,717
Sources[49][65]
Footnotes:
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Popular vote
PP
45.80%
PSdeG–PSOE
20.61%
AGE
13.91%
BNG
10.11%
UPyD
1.48%
EB
1.19%
SCD
1.11%
CxG
1.01%
Others
2.12%
Blank ballots
2.66%
Seats
PP
54.67%
PSdeG–PSOE
24.00%
AGE
12.00%
BNG
9.33%

Distribution by constituency

More information Constituency, PP ...
Constituency PP PSdeG AGE BNG
% S % S % S % S
A Coruña 45.4 13 18.8 5 16.6 4 9.6 2
Lugo 51.5 9 22.7 4 10.3 1 8.7 1
Ourense 49.2 8 23.7 4 7.8 1 8.5 1
Pontevedra 42.8 11 20.8 5 14.4 3 11.9 3
Total 45.8 41 20.6 18 13.9 9 10.1 7
Sources[49][65]
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Aftermath

Government formation

More information Ballot →, 29 November 2012 ...
Investiture
Nomination of Alberto Núñez Feijóo (PP)
Ballot → 29 November 2012
Required majority → 38 out of 75 checkY
Yes
  • PP (41)
41 / 75
No
34 / 75
Abstentions
0 / 75
Absentees
0 / 75
Sources[49]
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Notes

  1. Results for EU–IU in the 2009 election.
  2. Denotes a main invitee attending the event.
  3. Within AGE.
  4. Within Anova.
  5. Does not include non-resident citizens.

References

Bibliography

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