Glossary of Arabic toponyms
Glossary of Arabic terms found in Arabic toponyms
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The glossary of Arabic toponyms gives translations of Arabic terms commonly found as components in Arabic toponyms. A significant number of them were put together during the PEF Survey of Palestine carried out in the second half of the 19th century.
A
- 'Ain, pl.: `Ayūn, ʿUyūn
- Spring, fountain, source.[1] Examples: El Aaiún
- Ab, Abu
- Father; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.;[1]
- Arak, pl.: Arkan
- Cavern or cliff (among various meanings);[1] see All pages with titles containing Arak
B
- Bab, pl.: Buwab
- Gate.[1] Examples Bab el-Mandeb; see All pages with titles containing Bab
- Baḥr
- Arabic: بØر - Sea, large river.[1] see All pages with titles containing Bahr
- Beit
- House.[1] see All pages with titles containing Beit
- Balad
- Arabic: بÙد (sometimes transliterated as Beled or Belled) - Town;[1] see All pages with titles containing Balad
- Bir
- Arabic: بÙر, Well;[1] see All pages with titles containing Bir
- Birkeh
- Artificial pool, tank;[1] see All pages with titles containing Birkeh
- Buḥayra, Baḥeirah
- Arabic: بØÙرة, Lake, lagoon;[1] Diminutive of بÙØÙر (baḥr, âseaâ).
- Burj
- Arabic: برج, Tower, castle;[1] see All pages with titles containing Burj
C
- Casbah
- a kind of medina (old city) or fortress; cf. "Qasba"; see All pages with titles containing Casbah
D
- Dar
- wikt:دار house; see Relevant pages with titles containing Dar
- Deir
- wikt:دÙر monastery, convent, cloister (often ruins thereof);[1] see All pages with titles containing Deir
- Derb
- wikt:درب road, pass;[1]see All pages with titles containing Derb
- Dhahr
- wikt:ظÙر ridge;[1] All pages with titles containing Dhahr
H
- Haram
- Sacred place;[1] see All pages with titles containing Haram
- Haud
- Reservoir,[1] pond; see All pages with titles containing Haud
I
- Ibn
- Son; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.[1] see All pages with titles containing Ibn
J
- Jama'a, Djama'a, Jami'a
- place of gathering, community, mosque;[1]
- Jazira, Jezireh, Jeziret
- Island;[1]
- Jebel, Djebel, Jebal, Jabal
- mountain;[1]
- Jisr
- bridge;[1] see All pages with titles containing Jisr
- Jubb
- (Arabic: جÙب٠): well, pit;[1] see All pages with titles containing Jubb
K
- Kafr, Kafar, Kafer, Kufur, Kfar
- Ultimately from an unattested "Mari language" through Akkadian and Aramaic, meaning "unfortified town". See the Wiktionary entry at ÙÙر. Equivalent to Modern Hebrew Kfar. Unrelated to kafir or kufr.
- Kasbah, Kasba, Kasaba
- See Qasba
- Khan
- From Persian xân, meaning caravanserai. Unrelated to the "Khan" in "Genghis Khan".
- Khirbet, Khurbet, Khirbat, etc.
- is the conjunctive form "ruin of" (خربة) of the Arabic word for "ruin" (خرب, khirba, khirbeh, kharab ("ruined"))
- Ksar, qsar, plural: ksour, qsour
- Maghrebi Arabic; See "Qasr"
- Kul'ah,[1] Kal'at, Kalat, Kala, Kaleh
- Arabic, Persian. See "Qalat"
M
- Mazar
- ٠زار: shrine, grave, tomb, etc. cf. "Mazar (mausoleum)". The placename usually refers to a grave of a saint, ruler, etc.. Examples: Mazar-i-Sharif
- Mazra', Mazra'a, Al-Mazra'a, Mazraa
- ٠زرعة, mazraʿa: farm, ٠زرع, mazraʿ: field, farmland, origin for majra, hamlet in Indian subcontinent[2]
N
- Nahr
- wikt:ÙÙر, river, with the particular meaning of perennial water course, as opposed to a seasonal one, which is called a wadi;[3] see All pages with titles containing Nahr-e
O
- Oued
- In North African Arabic, same as Wadi; see All pages with titles containing Oued
Q
- Qabr, Kabr, pl.:Qubūr
- Arabic: ÙÙبÙر, pl. Arabic: ÙÙبÙÙر - tomb, grave[1]
- Qal'a (construct state: qal'at)
- Arabic, Persian. Fortified place, fort, fortress, castle;[4]
- Casbah, Kasbah, Qaá¹£ba, Qaá¹£bah, Qaá¹£aba
- Arabic: اÙÙصبة, romanized: al-qaá¹£aba), a kind of medina (old city) or fortress
- Qaṣr, Kaṣr, al-Qaṣr, pl.:Quṣūr
- Arabic: Ùصر, lit.â'palace/castle/fortress', from Latin castrum
- All pages with titles containing Qasr
- All pages with titles containing Kasr
- All pages with titles containing Qusur
- It entered into Spanish and Portuguese placenames in the forms Alcazar, Alcácer
- North African (Maghrebi Arabic) form: Ksar
The dictionary definition of qasr at Wiktionary
R
- Ras
- wikt:رأس, head, cape, top, peak, etc.,[1] see All pages with titles containing Ras
- Rujm, plural: rujum
- wikt:رج٠, mound, cairn, hill, spur, and also as "stone heap" or "tumulus".[5][6][1]
S
U
- Umm
- Mother; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.; cf. "Mother of all";[1] see All pages with titles containing Umm
W
- Wadi, Wad, North African Arabic: see Oued
- Watercourse: stream (often intermittent stream), sometimes dry waterbed, valley [1]
