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Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States

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The following is the planned order of succession for the governorships of the 50 U.S. states, Washington, D.C., and the five organized territories of the United States, according to the constitutions (and supplemental laws, if any) of each.[1] Some states make a distinction whether the succeeding individual is acting as governor or becomes governor.

From 1980 to 1999, there were 13 successions of governorships. From 2000 to 2019 this number increased to 29.[2] The only instance since at least 1980 in which the second in line reached a state governorship was on January 8, 2002, when New Jersey Attorney General John Farmer Jr. acted as governor for 90 minutes between Donald DiFrancesco and John O. Bennett's terms in that capacity as president of the Senate following governor Christine Todd Whitman's resignation.[3] In 2019, Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico Wanda Vázquez Garced became governor when both the governor and secretary of state resigned in Telegramgate.

From 1945 to 2016, 39 of those who succeeded to the governorship ran for and won election to a full term.[4]

States

Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming

Alabama

Established by Article V, Section 127 of the Constitution of Alabama.[5]

Alaska

Established by Article III, Section 10 of the Constitution of Alaska.[6]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Alaska Mike Dunleavy (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Nancy Dahlstrom (R)
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Arizona

Established by Article V, Section 6 of the Constitution of Arizona.[7]

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Arkansas

Established by Article VI, Section 5 of the Constitution of Arkansas as amended.[8]

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California

Established by Article V, Section 10 of the Constitution of California[9] and Title 2, Division 3, Part 2, Chapter 1, Articles 5.5[10] and 6[11] of the California Government Code.

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of California Gavin Newsom (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Eleni Kounalakis (D)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Monique Limón (D)
3 Speaker of the Assembly Robert Rivas (D)
4 Secretary of State Shirley Weber (D)
5 Attorney General Rob Bonta (D)
6 Treasurer Fiona Ma (D)
7 Controller Malia Cohen (D)
8 Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond (NP/D)[a]
9 Insurance Commissioner Ricardo Lara (D)
10 Chair of the Board of Equalization Sally Lieber (D)
11 List of 4–7 people named by the governor
(subject to confirmation by the Senate)
in the case of war or enemy-caused disaster.
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Colorado

Established by Article IV, Section 13(7) of the Constitution of Colorado.[12]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Colorado Jared Polis (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Dianne Primavera (D)
2 President of the Senate[b] James Coleman (D)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives[b] Julie McCluskie (D)
4 Minority Leader of the Senate[b] Cleave Simpson (R)
5 Minority Leader of the House[c] Jarvis Caldwell (R)
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Connecticut

Established by Article IV, Sections 18–21 of the Constitution of Connecticut.[13]

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Delaware

Established by Article III, Section 20 of the Constitution of Delaware.[14]

Florida

Established by Article IV, Section 3 of the Constitution of Florida[15] and Florida Statute 14.055.[16]

Georgia

Established by Article V, Section 1, Paragraph V of the Constitution of Georgia.[17]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Georgia Brian Kemp (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Burt Jones (R)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Jon Burns (R)
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Hawaii

Established by Article V, Section 4 of the Constitution of Hawaii[18] and Title 4 §26-2 of the Hawaii code.[19]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Hawaii Josh Green (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Sylvia Luke (D)
2 President of the Senate Ron Kouchi (D)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Nadine Nakamura (D)
4 Attorney General Anne E. Lopez[20] (D)
5 Director of Finance Luis Salaveria[20]
6 Comptroller Keith Regan[20]
7 Director of Taxation Gary Suganuma[20]
8 Director of Human Resources Development Brenna Hashimoto[20]
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Idaho

Established by Article IV, Sections 12–14 of the Constitution of Idaho.[21]

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Illinois

Established by Article V, Section 6 of the Constitution of Illinois[22] and the Governor Succession Act[23]

Indiana

Established by Article V, Section 10 of the Constitution of Indiana.[24]

Iowa

Established by Article IV, Sections 17–19 of the Constitution of Iowa.[25]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Iowa Kim Reynolds (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Chris Cournoyer (R)
2 President of the Senate Amy Sinclair (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Pat Grassley (R)
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Kansas

Established by KSA Statute 75–125[26] and the Emergency Interim Executive and Judicial Succession Act of 1994.[27]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Kansas Laura Kelly (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor David Toland (D)
2 President of the Senate Ty Masterson (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Dan Hawkins (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Secretary of State Scott Schwab (R)
5 Attorney General Kris Kobach (R)
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Kentucky

Established by Sections 84,[28] 85[29] and 87[30] of the Kentucky Constitution.

Louisiana

Established by Article IV, Section 14 of the Constitution of Louisiana.[31]

Maine

Established by Article V, Part 1, Section 14 of the Constitution of Maine.[32]

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Maryland

Established by Article II, Section 6 of the Constitution of Maryland.[33]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Maryland Wes Moore (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Aruna Miller (D)
2 President of the Senate[d] Bill Ferguson (D)
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Massachusetts

Established by Article LV of the Constitution of Massachusetts.[34]

Michigan

Established by Article V, Section 26 of the Constitution of Michigan,[35] Section 10.2 of the Revised Statutes of 1846[36] and the Emergency Interim Executive Succession Act (PA 202 of 1959, Section 31.4)[37][38]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Michigan Gretchen Whitmer (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Garlin Gilchrist (D)
2 Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson (D)
3 Attorney General Dana Nessel (D)
4 President pro tempore of the Senate Jeremy Moss (D)
5 Speaker of the House of Representatives Matt Hall (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–5 are vacant
6 List of 5 people named by the governor[39] State Treasurer Rachael Eubanks
7 Fmr. Lieutenant Governor John Cherry (D)
8 Wayne County Exec. Warren Evans (D)
9 Businessman Gary Torgow
10 Fmr. U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (D)
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Minnesota

Established by Article V, Section 5 of the Minnesota Constitution[40] and Minnesota Statute 4.06.[41]

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Mississippi

Established by Article V, Section 131 of the Constitution of Mississippi.[42]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Mississippi Tate Reeves (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Delbert Hosemann (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Dean Kirby (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Jason White (R)
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Missouri

Established by Article IV, Section 11(a) of the Constitution of Missouri.[43]

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Montana

Established by Article VI, Section 6 of the Constitution of Montana[44] and Montana Code 2-16-511 to 2-16-513.[45][46][47]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Montana Greg Gianforte (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Kristen Juras (R)
2 President of the Senate Matt Regier (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Brandon Ler (R)
4 Most senior member of the Montana Legislature[f][g] State Sen. Keith Regier (R)
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Nebraska

Established by Article IV, Section 16 of the Constitution of Nebraska[48] and Nebraska Revised Statutes 84-120[49] and 84-121.[50]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Nebraska Jim Pillen (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Joe Kelly (R)
2 Speaker of the Nebraska Legislature John Arch (NP/R)[h]
3 Chair of the Executive Board of the Legislative Council Ben Hansen (NP/R)[i]
4 Chair of the Committee on Committees Christy Armendariz (NP/R)[i]
5 Chair of the Judiciary Committee Carolyn Bosn (NP/R)[i]
6 Chair of the Government, Military and Veterans Affairs Committee Rita Sanders (NP/R)[i]
7 Chair of the Appropriations Committee Robert Clements (NP/R)[i]
8 Chair of the Revenue Committee Brad von Gillern (NP/R)[i]
9 Chair of the Education Committee Dave Murman (NP/R)[i]
10 Chair of the Banking, Commerce and Insurance Committee Mike Jacobson (NP/R)[i]
11 Chair of the Natural Resources Committee Tom Brandt (NP/R)[i]
12 Chair of the Agriculture Committee Barry DeKay (NP/R)[i]
13 Chair of the Health and Human Services Committee Brian Hardin (NP/R)[i]
14 Chair of the General Affairs Committee Rick Holdcroft (NP/R)[i]
15 Chair of the Urban Affairs Committee Terrell McKinney (NP/D)[j]
16 Chair of the Business and Labor Committee Kathleen Kauth (NP/R)[i]
17 Chair of the Transportation and Telecommunications Committee Mike Moser (NP/R)[i]
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Nevada

Established by Nevada Revised Statute 223.080.[51]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Nevada Joe Lombardo (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Stavros Anthony (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Marilyn Dondero Loop (D)
3 Speaker of the Assembly Steve Yeager (D)
4 Secretary of State Cisco Aguilar (D)
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New Hampshire

Established by Part 2, Article 49 of the Constitution of New Hampshire.[52]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New Hampshire Kelly Ayotte (R)
1 President of the Senate Sharon Carson (R)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Sherman Packard (R)
3 Secretary of State David Scanlan (R)
4 Treasurer[e] Monica Mezzapelle
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New Jersey

Established by Article V, Section I, Paragraph 7 of the Constitution of New Jersey[53] and New Jersey Revised Statute 52:14A-4.[54]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New Jersey Mikie Sherrill (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Vacant
2 President of the Senate Nicholas Scutari (D)
3 Speaker of the General Assembly Craig Coughlin (D)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Attorney General Jennifer Davenport
5 Commissioner of Transportation Priya Jain (acting)
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New Mexico

Established by Article V, Section 7 of the Constitution of New Mexico[55]

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New York

Established by Article IV, Sections 5–6 of the New York Constitution[56] and Article 1-A, Section 5 of the Defense Emergency Act of 1951.[57]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New York Kathy Hochul (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Antonio Delgado (D)
2 Temporary President of the Senate Andrea Stewart-Cousins (D)
3 Speaker of the Assembly Carl Heastie (D)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Attorney General Letitia James (D)
5 Comptroller Thomas DiNapoli (D)
6 Commissioner of Transportation Marie Therese Dominguez
7 Commissioner of Health James V. McDonald
8 Commissioner of Economic Development Hope Knight
9 Commissioner of Labor Roberta Reardon
10 Chair of the Public Service Commission Rory M. Christian
11 Secretary of State Walter T. Mosley (D)
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North Carolina

Established by Article III, Section 3, of the Constitution of North Carolina[58] and G.S. Section 147.11.1.[59]

North Dakota

Established by Article V, Section 11 of the Constitution of North Dakota.[60]

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Ohio

Established by Article III, Section 15 of the Constitution of Ohio[61] and Title I, Chapter 161 of the Ohio Revised Code.[62]

Oklahoma

As provided by Article VI, Section 15 of the Constitution of Oklahoma[63] and the Oklahoma Emergency Interim Executive and Judicial Succession Act.

Oregon

Established by Article V, Section 8a of the Constitution of Oregon[64]

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Pennsylvania

Established by Article IV, Sections 13–14 of the Pennsylvania Constitution[65][66]

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Rhode Island

Established by Article IX, Sections 9–10 of the Constitution of Rhode Island[67]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Rhode Island Dan McKee (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Sabina Matos (D)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Joe Shekarchi (D)
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South Carolina

Established by Article IV, Sections 6 and 7 of the South Carolina Constitution[68] and South Carolina Code of Laws sections 1-3-120,[69] 1-3-130[70] and 1-9-30.[71]

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South Dakota

Established by Article IV, Section 6 of the Constitution of South Dakota.[72]

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Tennessee

Established by Article III, Section 12 of the Constitution of Tennessee[73] and Acts 1941, Chapter 99 §1.[74]

Texas

Established by Article IV, Sections 3a and 16–18 of the Constitution of Texas[75] and Chapter 401.023 of Title 4 the Texas Gov't Code.[76]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Texas Greg Abbott (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Dan Patrick (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Charles Perry (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Dustin Burrows (R)
4 Attorney General Ken Paxton (R)
Chief Justices of the Texas Courts of Appeals, in numerical order
5 1st Court of Appeals (Houston) Terry Adams (R)
6 2nd Court of Appeals (Fort Worth) Bonnie Sudderth (R)
7 3rd Court of Appeals (Austin) Darlene Byrne (D)
8 4th Court of Appeals (San Antonio) Rebeca Martinez (D)
9 5th Court of Appeals (Dallas) J.J. Koch (R)
10 6th Court of Appeals (Texarkana) Scott E. Stevens (R)
11 7th Court of Appeals (Amarillo) Brian Quinn (R)
12 8th Court of Appeals (El Paso) Maria Salas-Mendoza (D)
13 9th Court of Appeals (Beaumont) Scott Golemon (R)
14 10th Court of Appeals (Waco) Matt Johnson (R)
15 11th Court of Appeals (Eastland) John M. Bailey (R)
16 12th Court of Appeals (Tyler) Jim Worthen (R)
17 13th Court of Appeals (Corpus Christi) Jaime E. Tijerina (R)
18 14th Court of Appeals (Houston) Tracy Christopher (R)
19 15th Court of Appeals (Austin) Scott Brister (R)
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Utah

Established by Article VII, Section 11 of the Constitution of Utah[77] and the Emergency Interim Succession Act (C53-2a-803).[78]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Utah Spencer Cox (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Deidre Henderson (R)
2 President of the Senate Stuart Adams (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Mike Schultz (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Attorney General Derek Brown (R)
5 Treasurer Marlo Oaks (R)
6 Auditor Tina Cannon (R)
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Vermont

Established by Chapter II, Section 20 of the Constitution of Vermont,[79] 3 VSA §1[80] and 20 VSA §183.[81]

Virginia

Established by Article V, Section 16 of the Constitution of Virginia.[82]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Virginia Abigail Spanberger (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Ghazala Hashmi (D)
2 Attorney General Jay Jones (D)
3 Speaker of the House of Delegates Don Scott (D)
4 House of Delegates convenes to fill the vacancy
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Washington

Established by Article III, Section 10 of the Constitution of Washington.[83]

West Virginia

Established by §6A-1-4a of the West Virginia Code.[84]

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Wisconsin

Established by Article V, Sections 7 and 8 of the Constitution of Wisconsin.[85]

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Wyoming

Established by Article IV, Section 6 of the Wyoming Constitution.[86]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Wyoming Mark Gordon (R)
1 Secretary of State Chuck Gray (R)
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Federal district

Washington, D.C.

Established by Title IV, Section 421(c)(2) of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act.[87]

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# Office Current officeholder
Mayor of Washington, D.C. Muriel Bowser (D)
1 Chair of the D.C. Council Phil Mendelson (D)
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Organized territories

American Samoa

Established by Article IV, Section 4 Constitution of American Samoa[88] and Section 4.0106 of the American Samoa Codes Annotated.[89]

Guam

Established by Subchapter 1, Section 1422(b) of the Guam Organic Act of 1950.[90]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Guam Lou Leon Guerrero (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Josh Tenorio (D)
2 Speaker of the Legislature Frank Blas (R)
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Northern Mariana Islands

Established by Article III, Section 7 of the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Constitution.[91]

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Puerto Rico

Established by Article IV, Section 8 of the Constitution of Puerto Rico[92] and Law No. 7 of 2005[93]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Puerto Rico Jenniffer González-Colón (PNP/R)
1 Secretary of State Rosachely Rivera (PNP/D)
2 Secretary of Justice Lourdes Gómez Torres
3 Secretary of Treasury Ángel Pantoja Rodríguez
4 Secretary of Education Eliezer Ramos Parés (PNP)
5 Secretary of Labor and Human Resources María del Pilar Vélez Casanova
6 Secretary of Transportation and Public Works Ángel Cruz Nolasco
7 Secretary of Economic Development and Commerce Sebastián Negrón Reichard (PNP)
8 Secretary of Health Víctor Ramos Otero
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U.S. Virgin Islands

Established by Subsection IV §1595(b, e) of the Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands[94] and the Executive Succession Act of 1972[95]

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# Office Current officeholder
Governor of the United States Virgin Islands Albert Bryan (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Tregenza Roach (D)
2 President of the Legislature Milton E. Potter (D)
3 Vice President of the Legislature Kenny Gittens (D)
4 Commissioner of Finance Kevin McCurdy
5 Attorney General Gordon Rhea
6 Director of the Office of Management and Budget Julio Rhymer Sr.
7 Commissioner of Education Dionne Wells-Hedrington
8 Commissioner of Public Works Rueben Jennings (Acting)
9 Commissioner of Sports, Parks and Recreation Vincent Roberts
10 Police Commissioner Mario Brooks
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Notes

  1. The office is officially nonpartisan, but Superintendent Thurmond identifies with the Democratic Party.
  2. Must be the same party as the outgoing governor. If the current officeholder is not a member of the same party, skip to the next on the list.
  3. If the minority leader of the House is not a member of the same party as the outgoing governor, succession goes back to the president of the Senate.
  4. Only eligible to serve until a new governor is elected by the General Assembly.
  5. Only eligible to serve until a new president of the Senate is elected.
  6. "Senior" is defined as the member of the legislature who has served "for the longest continuous period of time", with age being the tiebreaker (in favor of the older/oldest person) if multiple people qualify. Sen. Regier served for eight years in the state House of Representatives from 2009-2017 and went directly to the state Senate, serving until the present.
  7. Only eligible to serve until a new governor is elected by a joint session of the Legislature.
  8. The Nebraska Legislature is officially nonpartisan, but Speaker Arch identifies with the Republican Party.
  9. The Nebraska Legislature is officially nonpartisan, but this senator identifies with the Republican Party.
  10. The Nebraska Legislature is officially nonpartisan, but this senator identifies with the Democratic Party.
  11. The office is officially nonpartisan, but Superintendent Reykdal identifies with the Democratic Party.
  12. Must still reside in the state to be eligible.
  13. Elections in American Samoa are officially nonpartisan, but Gov. Pula and Lt. Gov. Ae, and Speaker Ale identify with the Republican Party.

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