Idaein
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Idaein, also known as ideain, cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, or Cy3Gal, is a type of anthocyanin, a class of plant pigment compounds.
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
(2S,4S,5R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;chloride | |
| Other names
Ideain, cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, Cy3Gal | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C21H21ClO11 (chloride), C21H21O11+ (cation) | |
| Molar mass | 484.83 g/mol (chloride), 449.38 g/mol (cation) |
| UV-vis (λmax) | 528 nm (in methanol) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Natural occurrences
Idaein is the main anthocyanin compound in lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea),[1][2] and the name of the compound is derived from the Latin name of the plant.[1][3] It is also present as one of the many anthocyanins compounds found in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus)[4] and cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon).[5]
Idaein is the main anthocyanin in red-skinned or red-fleshed (for example Weirouge[6] or Surprise) apple varieties.[7][8][9] It is also found in Chinese hawthorn fruits (Crataegus spp.).[10] It is also the pigment in the copper beech (cultivar of Fagus sylvatica), that was identified in 1932.[11]
Quintinia serrata, the tawheowheo, a species of evergreen trees endemic to New Zealand, has different patterns of anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside) in its leaves to protect the shade-adapted chloroplasts from direct sunlight.[12]