Ikaroa-Rāwhiti
Māori electorate in New Zealand
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ikaroa-Rāwhiti is a New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorate that was formed for the 1999 election. It covers the eastern North Island from East Cape south through Hawke's Bay Region, Tararua District and the Wairarapa Region to Wainuiomata and most of the Hutt Valley, but not southern Lower Hutt or Wellington City.
| Ikaroa-Rāwhiti | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single-member Māori constituency for the New Zealand House of Representatives | |||||||
| |||||||
| Formation | 1999 | ||||||
| Region | Gisborne Hawke's Bay Manawatū-Whanganui Wellington | ||||||
| Character | Urban and rural | ||||||
| Term | 3 years | ||||||
| Member for Ikaroa-Rāwhiti | |||||||
.jpg) Cushla Tangaere-Manuel[1] since 14 October 2023 | |||||||
| Party | Labour | ||||||
| Previous MP | Meka Whaitiri (Te Pāti Māori) | ||||||
Party vote distribution
| |||||||
It was held by Parekura Horomia of the Labour Party from 1999 until his death in 2013. A by-election to replace him was held on 29 June 2013. Meka Whaitiri held the seat for ten years under the Labour Party before changing political allegiances. Whaitiri left the Labour Party in early May 2023 and joined Te Pāti Māori. According to a ruling by the speaker of the House, Whaitiri continued to represent the electorate, not on behalf of a party, but as an independent.[2] Labour's Cushla Tangaere-Manuel became MP in 2023.[3]
Population centres
As the electorate's name suggests (ika "fish", roa "long", rāwhiti "east"), Ikaroa-Rāwhiti is a long electorate covering the eastern North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui).
The electorate includes the following population centres (from north to south):
- Gisborne
- Wairoa
- Napier
- Hastings
- Central Hawke's Bay
- Tararua District
- Masterton and the Wairarapa district
- Wellington – Upper Hutt and Lower Hutt—northern suburbs (north of Fairway Drive and Daysh Street), western hills (excluding Korokoro), and Wainuiomata
In the 2013/14 redistribution, a minor boundary adjustment was undertaken. A small area, including the village of Tuai, was transferred to the Waiariki electorate.[4] In the 2025 redistribution, the Lower Hutt suburbs of Petone and Eastbourne would be transferred to the electorate from Te Tai Tonga.[5]
Tribal areas
The electorate includes the following tribal areas:
- Ngāti Porou – Potikirua ki Te Toka-a-Taiau (Gisborne)
- Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki – Gisborne and Poverty Bay
- Rongowhakaata – Poverty Bay
- Ngāi Tāmanuhiri – Poverty Bay
- Ngāti Kahungunu – Wairoa, Hawke's Bay, Hastings, Napier and Wairarapa
- Ngāti Toa – Hutt Valley, and northern Lower Hutt
History
The electorate was formed for the 1999 election, which was won by Parekura Horomia of the Labour Party.[6] Horomia's death on 29 April 2013 triggered a by-election,[7] which was held on 29 June and won by Labour's Meka Whaitiri.[8] The Māori Party had nominated tribal leader Na Rongowhakaata Raihania.[9][10] and the Mana Party had selected television presenter Te Hamua Nikora as its candidate.[11][12] The Green Party had selected environmentalist and human rights advocate Marama Davidson.[13][14][15] Further candidates had been Michael Appleby for the Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party[13][16][17] plus two independent candidates.[13] Based on preliminary results, Whaitiri more than tripled her 2014 election night majority over Mana's Nikora. Also based on preliminary results, Marama Fox of the Māori Party was elected to Parliament as a list MP.[18]
Members of Parliament
Key
List MPs
Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested Ikaroa-Rāwhiti. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.
| Election | Winner | |
|---|---|---|
| 2014 election | Marama Fox | |
| 2020 election | Elizabeth Kerekere | |
Election results
2026 election
The next election will be held on 7 November 2026. Candidates for Ikaroa-Rāwhiti are listed at Candidates in the 2026 New Zealand general election by electorate § Ikaroa-Rāwhiti. Official results will be available after 27 November 2026.[19]
2023 election
| 2023 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[20] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Cushla Tangaere-Manuel | 13,747 | 52.63 | –2.94 | 14,775 | 54.79 | –12.54 | ||
| Te Pāti Māori |  Meka Whaitiri |
10,873 | 41.63 | +10.69 | 6,722 | 24.92 | +12.76 | ||
| Vision NZ | Ata Tuhakaraina | 787 | 3.01 | – | |||||
| Green | 1,802 | 6.68 | –1.79 | ||||||
| National | 964 | 3.69 | +1.36 | ||||||
| NZ First | 927 | 3.54 | –0.22 | ||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 280 | 1.03 | –0.88 | ||||||
| NZ Loyal | 257 | 0.95 | – | ||||||
| ACT | 209 | 0.77 | –0.11 | ||||||
| NewZeal | 180 | 0.66 | +0.03 | ||||||
| Freedoms NZ | 169 | 0.62 | – | ||||||
| Opportunities | 138 | 0.51 | –0.23 | ||||||
| Animal Justice | 26 | 0.09 | – | ||||||
| DemocracyNZ | 26 | 0.09 | – | ||||||
| New Conservatives | 18 | 0.06 | –0.32 | ||||||
| Women's Rights | 18 | 0.06 | – | ||||||
| Leighton Baker Party | 9 | 0.03 | – | ||||||
| New Nation | 9 | 0.03 | – | ||||||
| Informal votes | 711 | 436 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 26,118 | 26,965 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 2,874 | 11.00 | –12.94 | |||||
2020 election
| 2020 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[21] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour |  Meka Whaitiri |
13,642 | 55.57 | +0.44 | 17,111 | 67.33 | +1.80 | ||
| Māori Party | Heather Te Au-Skipworth | 7,597 | 30.94 | −5.28 | 3,089 | 12.16 | −1.00 | ||
| Green | Elizabeth Kerekere | 2,080 | 8.47 | −0.17 | 1,647 | 6.48 | +1.56 | ||
| Advance NZ | Waitangi Kupenga | 791 | 3.22 | — | 638 | 2.51 | — | ||
| New Conservative | Melissa Lee-Ann Hill | 245 | 1.00 | — | 96 | 0.38 | +0.32 | ||
| Outdoors | Kelly Thurston | 196 | 0.80 | — | 44 | 0.17 | +0.13 | ||
| NZ First | 956 | 3.76 | −3.49 | ||||||
| National | 593 | 2.33 | −2.54 | ||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 486 | 1.91 | +0.99 | ||||||
| ACT | 223 | 0.88 | +0.75 | ||||||
| Opportunities | 189 | 0.74 | −1.27 | ||||||
| ONE | 164 | 0.63 | — | ||||||
| Vision NZ | 161 | 0.63 | — | ||||||
| Sustainable NZ | 6 | 0.02 | — | ||||||
| TEA | 6 | 0.02 | — | ||||||
| Social Credit | 3 | 0.01 | ±0.00 | ||||||
| Heartland | 0 | 0.00 | — | ||||||
| Informal votes | 820 | 472 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 25,371 | 25,884 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 6,075 | 23.94 | −25.90 | |||||
2017 election
| 2017 general election: Ikaroa-Rawhiti[22] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Meka Whaitiri |
12,274 | 53.68 | +8.5 | 15,233 | 64.7 | +17.32 | ||
| Māori Party | Marama Fox | 8,064 | 35.27 | +17.44 | 3,058 | 13.0 | +0.81 | ||
| Green | Elizabeth Kerekere | 1,924 | 8.41 | −1.38 | 1,143 | 4.86 | −5.42 | ||
| NZ First | 1,685 | 7.16 | −4.09 | ||||||
| National | 1,131 | 4.8 | −0.57 | ||||||
| Opportunities | 468 | 1.99 | +1.99 | ||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 214 | 0.91 | −0.5 | ||||||
| Mana | 198 | 0.84 | −8.88[a] | ||||||
| ACT | 30 | 0.13 | +0.2 | ||||||
| Ban 1080 | 28 | 0.12 | +0.1 | ||||||
| People's Party | 26 | 0.11 | +0.11 | ||||||
| Conservative | 15 | 0.06 | −0.53 | ||||||
| Outdoors | 9 | 0.04 | +0.04 | ||||||
| Internet | 5 | 0.02 | −9.70[b] | ||||||
| Democrats | 1 | 0 | −0.01 | ||||||
| United Future | 1 | 0 | −0.03 | ||||||
| Informal votes | 603 | 285 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 22,865 | 23,530 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 4,210 | 18.41 | −3.23 | |||||
2014 election
| 2014 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[23] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Meka Whaitiri |
9,753 | 45.18 | +4.28[c] | 10,489 | 47.38 | −2.20 | ||
| Mana | Te Hāmua Nikora | 5,080 | 23.53 | -2.59 | |||||
| Māori Party | Marama Fox | 3,848 | 17.83 | −2.03 | 2,699 | 12.19 | −1.79 | ||
| Green | Henare Kani | 2,114 | 9.79 | −1.36 | 2,275 | 10.28 | +0.92 | ||
| Independent | Cathryn Eden | 215 | 1.00 | +1.00 | |||||
| Expatriate Party | Vicky Rose | 70 | 0.32 | +0.32 | |||||
| NZ First | 2,490 | 11.25 | −2.95 | ||||||
| Internet Mana | 2,152 | 9.72 | +0.12[d] | ||||||
| National | 1,189 | 5.37 | −0.60 | ||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 313 | 1.41 | −0.05 | ||||||
| Conservative | 130 | 0.59 | +0.19 | ||||||
| Ban 1080 | 25 | 0.11 | +0.11 | ||||||
| ACT | 24 | 0.11 | +0.11 | ||||||
| Independent Coalition | 11 | 0.05 | +0.05 | ||||||
| United Future | 6 | 0.03 | −0.05 | ||||||
| Focus | 4 | 0.02 | +0.02 | ||||||
| Democrats | 2 | 0.01 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Civilian | 2 | 0.01 | +0.01 | ||||||
| Informal votes | 506 | 325 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 21,586 | 22,136 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 4,673 | 21.64 | −16.97 | |||||
2013 by-election
The following table shows the final results of the by-election:[8]
| 2013 Ikaroa-Rāwhiti by-election | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Notes: Blue background denotes the winner of the by-election. | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Labour | Meka Whaitiri | 4,590 | 40.90 | -19.81 | |
| Mana Party | Te Hamua Nikora | 2,931 | 26.12 | +11.84 | |
| Māori Party | Na Raihania | 2,229 | 19.86 | −3.24 | |
| Green | Marama Davidson | 1,251 | 11.15 | +11.15 | |
| Legalise Cannabis | Michael Appleby | 176 | 1.57 | +1.57 | |
| Independent | Maurice Wairau | 30 | 0.27 | −1.64 | |
| Independent | Adam Holland | 15 | 0.13 | +0.13 | |
| Total Valid votes | 11,222 | ||||
| Informal votes | 46 | 0.41 | -4.93 | ||
| Turnout | 11,268 | 33.13 | −22.46 | ||
| Registered electors | 34,008 | ||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 1,659 | 14.78 | -22.83 | |
2011 election
| 2011 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[24] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Parekura Horomia |
10,558 | 60.71 | +9.22 | 9,054 | 49.58 | −7.62 | ||
| Māori Party | Na Raihania | 4,017 | 23.10 | −19.86 | 2,736 | 14.98 | −11.91 | ||
| Mana | Tawhai McClutchie | 2,484 | 14.28 | +14.28 | 1,754 | 9.60 | +9.60 | ||
| Independent | Maurice Wairau | 332 | 1.91 | +1.91 | |||||
| Green | 1,710 | 9.36 | +6.21 | ||||||
| NZ First | 1,516 | 8.30 | +2.93 | ||||||
| National | 1,091 | 5.97 | +1.12 | ||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 267 | 1.46 | +0.47 | ||||||
| Conservative | 73 | 0.40 | +0.40 | ||||||
| ACT | 36 | 0.20 | −0.04 | ||||||
| United Future | 14 | 0.08 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Libertarianz | 7 | 0.04 | +0.02 | ||||||
| Alliance | 2 | 0.01 | -0.004 | ||||||
| Democrats | 2 | 0.01 | -0.004 | ||||||
| Informal votes | 928 | 470 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 17,391 | 18,262 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 6,541 | 37.61 | +29.08 | |||||
Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 32,951[25]
2008 election
| 2008 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[26] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Parekura Horomia |
9,927 | 51.49 | −2.26 | 11,328 | 57.20 | −1.08 | ||
| Māori Party | Derek Fox | 8,282 | 42.96 | +0.16 | 5,326 | 26.89 | −1.17 | ||
| Green | Bevan Tipene | 1,070 | 5.55 | +5.55 | 625 | 3.16 | +0.63 | ||
| NZ First | 1,064 | 5.37 | +0.64 | ||||||
| National | 962 | 4.86 | +2.13 | ||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 196 | 0.99 | +0.18 | ||||||
| Family Party | 77 | 0.39 | +0.39 | ||||||
| Bill and Ben | 68 | 0.34 | +0.34 | ||||||
| ACT | 47 | 0.24 | +0.06 | ||||||
| Progressive | 35 | 0.18 | −0.12 | ||||||
| Kiwi | 25 | 0.13 | +0.13 | ||||||
| United Future | 17 | 0.09 | −0.29 | ||||||
| Workers Party | 16 | 0.08 | +0.08 | ||||||
| Pacific | 7 | 0.04 | +0.04 | ||||||
| Libertarianz | 4 | 0.02 | +0.01 | ||||||
| Alliance | 3 | 0.02 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Democrats | 3 | 0.02 | +0.01 | ||||||
| RONZ | 2 | 0.01 | −0.01 | ||||||
| RAM | 0 | 0.00 | ±0.00 | ||||||
| Informal votes | 439 | 284 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 19,279 | 19,805 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 1,645 | 8.53 | −2.29 | |||||
2005 election
| 2005 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[27] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Parekura Horomia |
9,502 | 53.75 | −24.31 | 10,639 | 58.28 | |||
| Māori Party | Atareta Poananga | 7,570 | 42.80 | +42.80 | 5,122 | 28.06 | |||
| Destiny | Tauha Te Kani | 614 | 3.47 | 360 | 1.97 | ||||
| NZ First | 846 | 4.63 | |||||||
| National | 499 | 2.73 | |||||||
| Green | 443 | 2.43 | |||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 147 | 0.81 | |||||||
| United Future | 70 | 0.38 | |||||||
| Progressive | 54 | 0.30 | |||||||
| ACT | 33 | 0.18 | |||||||
| Family Rights | 14 | 0.08 | |||||||
| Christian Heritage | 7 | 0.04 | |||||||
| 99 MP | 5 | 0.03 | |||||||
| Alliance | 5 | 0.03 | |||||||
| One NZ | 3 | 0.02 | |||||||
| RONZ | 3 | 0.02 | |||||||
| Democrats | 2 | 0.01 | |||||||
| Libertarianz | 2 | 0.01 | |||||||
| Direct Democracy | 1 | 0.01 | |||||||
| Informal votes | 472 | 240 | |||||||
| Total valid votes | 17,686 | 18,255 | |||||||
| Labour hold | Majority | 1,932 | 10.92 | −61.33 | |||||
1999 election
| 1999 general election: Ikaroa-Rāwhiti[28] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
| Labour | Parekura Horomia | 7,442 | 40.99 | 10,763 | 59.03 | ||||
| Independent | Derek Fox | 6,747 | 37.16 | ||||||
| NZ First | Bill Gudgeon | 1,084 | 5.97 | 2,185 | 11.98 | ||||
| Alliance | Des Ratima | 957 | 5.27 | 1,223 | 6.71 | ||||
| Mauri Pacific | Rana Waitai | 590 | 3.25 | 369 | 2.02 | ||||
| National | Dale Stephens | 376 | 2.07 | 812 | 4.45 | ||||
| Christian Democrats | Tiwha Patricia Blake | 235 | 1.29 | 170 | 0.93 | ||||
| Christian Heritage | Peter Richard Amor | 207 | 1.14 | 231 | 1.27 | ||||
| Freedom Movement | Jennifer Waitai-Rapana | 175 | 0.96 | 60 | 0.33 | ||||
| ACT | Vicky Robin | 139 | 0.77 | 99 | 0.54 | ||||
| Mana Wahine | Beverly Rewa Nicholson | 86 | 0.47 | ||||||
| Natural Law | Tim Irwin | 66 | 0.36 | 28 | 0.15 | ||||
| Aroha Ngia Tatou | Te Aroha Mei | 51 | 0.28 | ||||||
| Mana Māori | 750 | 4.11 | |||||||
| Green | 727 | 3.99 | |||||||
| Legalise Cannabis | 716 | 3.93 | |||||||
| Animals First | 28 | 0.15 | |||||||
| One NZ | 23 | 0.13 | |||||||
| The People's Choice | 14 | 0.08 | |||||||
| McGillicuddy Serious | 13 | 0.07 | |||||||
| United NZ | 9 | 0.05 | |||||||
| Libertarianz | 8 | 0.04 | |||||||
| NMP | 3 | 0.02 | |||||||
| Republican | 1 | 0.01 | |||||||
| South Island | 1 | 0.01 | |||||||
Notes
- Compared to Internet Mana party vote
- Compared to Internet Mana party vote
- Change in vote percentage for candidates is relative to the 2013 by-election
- Compared to Mana Movement party vote