Independent Television Commission
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
.png) | |
| Abbreviation | ITC |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | Independent Broadcasting Authority |
| Successor | Ofcom |
| Formation | 1 January 1991 |
| Defunct | 28 December 2003 |
| Type | Statutory corporation |
| Legal status | Created by Broadcasting Act 1990 |
| Purpose | Regulator and competition authority for broadcasting, telecommunications and radiocommunications spectrum |
| Headquarters | London, England |
| Location |
|
Region served | United Kingdom |
Official language | English, Welsh |
The Independent Television Commission (ITC) licensed and regulated commercial television services in the United Kingdom (except S4C in Wales) between 1 January 1991 and 28 December 2003.
The creation of ITC, by the Broadcasting Act 1990 to replace the television regulation functions of the Independent Broadcasting Authority (formed by the Sound Broadcasting Act 1972) and Cable Authority. From 1 January 1991 it regulated the existing ITV network. The 1990 Act also established the Channel Four Television Corporation to run Channel 4, regulated by the ITC. There was no fanfare, as control was passed from Channel Four Television Company Limited.
Activities
The establishing Act required the auction of Channel 3 licences for the fifteen[citation needed] ITV regions[1] and nationwide breakfast time. Most of the Channel 3 licences were awarded to the incumbent ITV companies; however there were some controversial decisions:
- Carlton Television outbid Thames Television for the London Weekday licence; CPV-TV was the highest bidder, but its bid failed due to quality considerations.
- GMTV (changed to Good Morning Television as the bid name 'Sunrise Television' was already used by Sky News) outbid TV-am for the Breakfast television licence.
- TVS and TSW were deemed to have overbid for their licences, and hence their franchises were awarded to lower bidders Meridian Broadcasting and Westcountry Television, respectively.
On 1 January 1993 these new arrangements came into force, and the ITC began its job of 'light-touch regulation'. During this time, the ITC regulated the Channel 3 system as well as Channel 4. It issued licences to new satellite broadcasters and awarded the Channel 5 licence in the mid-1990s. It also regulated cable TV.
In the early 2000s, the British government, in a white paper, declared its intention to merge the ITC with the Radio Authority, Office of Telecommunications, and Radiocommunications Agency. This merger, under the Communications Act 2003, took effect on 29 December 2003. Most powers of the ITC are now exercised by the Office of Communications (Ofcom), making some powers – and the ITC itself – defunct.
Chairman
George Russell, last chairman of IBA[2]
- Sir George Russell (1 Jan 1991 – 31 Dec 1996)
- Sir Robin Biggam (1 Jan 1997 – 28 Dec 2003)
