Khwaja Muhammad Afzal

In 1875, Afzal was born into the Dhaka Nawab family.^[2] His father was Khwaja Yusuf Jan. He received formal education in English and Persian. He studied poetry under Syed Mahmud Azad, a Dhaka-based poet.^[3]

Afzal wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian and used Afzal as his pen name. He wrote a Diwan, which is an Islamic traditional collection of poetry, and a number of Ghazals in Urdu. He used the Abjad writing system to publish three volumes of a history book. After the death of Khwaja Ahsanullah, he published the Gam-e-ma-paikar in the Abjad writing system. Between 1895 and 1933, he regularly kept a diary, which is now preserved in the library of the University of Dhaka.^[3][4]