Kristall
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.jpg) Kristall in 1997 | |
| Module statistics | |
|---|---|
| COSPAR ID | 1990-048A |
| Part of | Mir |
| Launch date | May 31, 1990 (UTC) |
| Launch vehicle | Proton-K |
| Docked | June 10, 1990 (UTC) |
| Reentry | March 23, 2001 |
| Mass | 19,640 kg (43,300 lb) |
| Length | 11.9 m (39 ft) |
| Diameter | 4.35 m (14.3 ft) |
| Pressurised volume | 60.8 m3 (2,150 cu ft) |
| Configuration | |
 Diagram of Kristall in its original configuration. | |
The Kristall (Russian: Кристалл, lit. 'Crystal') (77KST, TsM-T, 11F77T) module was the fourth module and the third major addition to Mir. As with previous modules, its configuration was based on the 77K (TKS) module, and was originally named "Kvant 3". It was launched on May 31, 1990 on Proton-K. It docked to Mir autonomously on June 10, 1990.
Kristall had several materials processing furnaces. They were called Krater 5, Optizon 1, Zona 2, and Zona 3. It also had a biotechnology experiment called the Aniur electrophoresis unit. These experiments were capable of generating 100 kg of raw materials for use on Earth. Located in the docking node was the Priroda 5 camera which was used for Earth resources experiments. Kristall also had several astronomy and astrophysics experiments which were designed to augment experiments that were already located in Kvant-1. Kristall's solar panels were also different from others on Mir. They were designed to be "collapsible" which means that they could be deployed and retracted several times. One of Kristall's solar panels was removed and re-deployed on Kvant-1 in 1995. That solar panel was later disposed of in November, 1997. Kristall also carried six gyrodines for attitude control and to augment those already on the station. The control system of Kristall was developed by the JSC "Khartron"[1] (Kharkiv, Ukraine).
List of experiments:
- Ainur electrophoresis unit
- Krater 5, Optizon 1, and CSK-1/Kristallizator semiconductor materials processing furnaces
- Zona 2/3 materials processing furnaces
- Buket gamma-ray spectrometer
- Glazar 2 UV telescope - cosmic radiation studies
- Granar astrophysics spectrometer
- Marina gamma ray telescope
- Mariya magnetic spectrometer
- Priroda 5 Earth resources camera system - consists of 2 KFA-1000 film cameras
- Svet plant cultivation unit
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