List of reptiles of Northern America

Family: Podocnemididae (side-necked turtles)

• Yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle (Podocnemis unifilis) (I)^[7] VU^{[n 1]}

Family: Testudinidae (tortoises)

Gopher tortoises

• Gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) VU T
• Berlandier's tortoise (Gopherus berlandieri) LC
• Bolson tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus) VU
• Mojave Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) VU T
  (AZ south and east of Colorado R.: T(S/A) only) and:^{[n 2]}
  • Sonoran Desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai)

Typical tortoises

• Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans) (I)^{[7][n 1]}

Family: Emydidae

Subfamily: Emydinae

Pond turtles

• Species split from former western pond turtle (Actinemys marmorata) VU:^[3]
  • Northwestern pond turtle (Actinemys (marmorata) marmorata) ^{[n 3]}
  • Southwestern pond turtle (Actinemys (marmorata) pallida) ^{[n 3]}
• Spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata) EN
• Wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) EN
• Bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) CR T
  (GA, NC, SC, TN, VA: T(S/A) only)

Blanding's turtle

• Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) EN

Box turtles

• Eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina) VU and:^{[n 2]}
  • Florida box turtle (Terrapene (carolina) bauri) ^{[n 3]}
  • Three-toed box turtle (Terrapene triunguis) ^{[8][n 4]}
• Ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata) NT

Subfamily: Deirochelyinae

Sliders

• Pond slider (Trachemys scripta) LC
• Mexican plateau slider (Trachemys gaigeae) VU
• Jamaican slider (Trachemys terrapen) (I)^[7] VU^{[n 1]}

Painted turtles

• Painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) LC and:^{[n 2]}
• Southern painted turtle (Chrysemys dorsalis) ^{[n 3]}

Chicken turtles

• Chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia)

Map turtles

• Barbour's map turtle (Graptemys barbouri) VU
• Cagle's map turtle (Graptemys caglei) EN
• Escambia map turtle (Graptemys ernsti) NT
• Yellow-blotched map turtle (Graptemys flavimaculata) VU T
• Northern map turtle (Graptemys geographica) LC
• Pascagoula map turtle (Graptemys gibbonsi) EN and:^{[n 2]}
  • Pearl River map turtle (Graptemys pearlensis) EN^[3]
• Black-knobbed map turtle (Graptemys nigrinoda) LC
• Ringed map turtle (Graptemys oculifera) VU T
• Species split from the Ouachita map turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis) LC:
  • Ouachita map turtle (Graptemys (ouachitensis) ouachitensis)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Sabine map turtle (Graptemys (ouachitensis) sabinensis)^{[3][n 3]}
• False map turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica) LC
• Alabama map turtle (Graptemys pulchra) NT
• Texas map turtle (Graptemys versa) LC

Diamond-backed terrapin

• Diamond-backed terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) VU

Redbelly turtles and cooters

• Alabama red-bellied cooter (Pseudemys alabamensis) EN E
• River cooter (Pseudemys concinna) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Florida cooter (Pseudemys (concinna) floridana) ^{[8][n 4]}
  • Suwannee cooter (Pseudemys suwanniensis) ^{[n 3]}
• Rio Grande cooter (Pseudemys gorzugi) NT
• Florida red-bellied cooter (Pseudemys nelsoni) LC
• Peninsula cooter (Pseudemys peninsularis) LC
• Northern red-bellied cooter (Pseudemys rubriventris) NT (Plymouth red-bellied turtle (P. r. bangsi): E)
• Texas cooter (Pseudemys texana) LC

Family: Cheloniidae

• Olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) VU T
• Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) VU (North Pacific: E, Northwest Atlantic: T)
• Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) CR E
• Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) EN T
  (Hawaiian subpopulation: LC, Breeding colony populations in FL: E)
• Hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) CR E

Family: Dermochelyidae

• Leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) VU E
  (East Pacific Ocean subpopulation – i.e. Hawaiian Is.: CR, West Pacific Ocean subpopulation: CR, Northwest Atlantic Ocean subpopulation: EN)

Family: Chelydridae

Snapping turtles

• Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) LC

Alligator snapping turtles

• Species split from the alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) VU:
  • Alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii)^[3] including:
    • Apalachicola alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys apalachicolae) ^{[n 5]} (currently not recognized)
  • Suwannee alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys suwanniensis)^[3]

Family: Kinosternidae

Mud turtles

• Arizona mud turtle (Kinosternon (flavescens) stejnegeri)^{[7][n 5]}
  (formerly Kinosternon arizonense^[3] LC)
• Striped mud turtle (Kinosternon baurii) LC
• Yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens) LC
• Rough-footed mud turtle (Kinosternon hirtipes) LC
• Sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) NT
• Species split from the eastern mud turtle (Kinosternon subrubrum) LC:
  • Eastern mud turtle (Kinosternon subrubrum)^[3]
  • Florida mud turtle (Kinosternon (subrubrum) steindachneri)^{[3][n 3]}

Musk turtles

• Razor-backed musk turtle (Sternotherus carinatus) LC
• Flattened musk turtle (Sternotherus depressus) CR T
• Loggerhead musk turtle (Sternotherus minor) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Stripe-necked musk turtle (Sternotherus (minor) peltifer)^{[7][n 6][n 5]} (split from S. minor)
• Intermediate musk turtle (Sternotherus intermedius)^{[7][n 5]}
• Eastern musk turtle (Sternotherus odoratus) LC

Giant musk turtles

• Pacific Coast giant musk turtle (Staurotypus salvinii) (I)^[3] NT

Family: Trionychidae (softshells)

• Florida softshell (Apalone ferox) LC
• Smooth softshell (Apalone mutica) LC
• Spiny softshell (Apalone spinifera) LC
• Wattle-necked softshell (Palea steindachneri) (I) CR (Hawaii only)
• Chinese softshell (Pelodiscus sinensis) (I) VU (Hawaii only)

Family: Agamidae (agamas)

Subfamily: Agaminae

• Peters's rock agama (Agama picticauda) (I)^[3]
• Indochinese bloodsucker (Calotes mystaceus) (I)^{[1][7][n 1]}
• Variable bloodsucker (Calotes versicolor) (I) LC

Subfamily: Leiolepidinae

• Butterfly lizard (Leiolepis belliana) (I)
• Red-banded butterfly lizard (Leiolepis rubritaeniata) (I)

Family: Chamaeleonidae (chameleons)

Subfamily: Chamaeleoninae

• Veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) (I) LC
• Jackson's chameleon (Trioceros jacksonii) (I)
• Oustalet's chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti) (I) LC
• Panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis) (I)^[3] LC

Family: Crotaphytidae (collared and leopard lizards)

Collared lizards

• Great Basin collared lizard (Crotaphytus bicinctores) LC
• Eastern collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) LC
• Sonoran collared lizard (Crotaphytus nebrius) LC
• Reticulate collared lizard (Crotaphytus reticulatus) VU
• Baja California collared lizard (Crotaphytus vestigium) LC

Leopard lizards

• Cope's leopard lizard (Gambelia copeii) LC
• Blunt-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia sila) EN E
• Long-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia wislizenii) LC

Family: Iguanidae (iguanas)

• San Esteban spinytail iguana (Ctenosaura conspicuosa) (I)
• Sonoran spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura macrolopha) (I)
• Mexican spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura pectinata) (I)
• Gray's spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (I) LC
• Desert iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) LC
• Green iguana (Iguana iguana) (I)

Chuckwallas

• Common chuckwalla (Sauromalus ater) LC

Family: Phrynosomatidae

Zebratail lizards

• Zebra-tailed lizard (Callisaurus draconoides) LC

Greater earless lizards

• Greater earless lizard (Cophosaurus texanus) LC

Lesser earless lizards

• Species split from the spot-tailed earless lizard (Holbrookia lacerata) NT:
  • Northern spot-tailed earless lizard (Holbrookia lacerata) ^{[n 7]}
  • Southern spot-tailed earless lizard (Holbrookia (lacerata) subcaudalis)^{[7][n 6][n 5]}
• Species split from the common lesser earless lizard (Holbrookia maculata):
  • Common lesser earless lizard (Holbrookia maculata) LC and:^{[n 2]}
    • Speckled earless lizard (Holbrookia (maculata) approximans)^{[10][n 7][n 5]} (currently not recognized,^[7] split from H. maculata)
  • Elegant earless lizard (Holbrookia elegans) LC
• Keeled earless lizard (Holbrookia propinqua) LC

Banded rock lizards

• Mearns's rock lizard (Petrosaurus mearnsi) LC

Horned lizards

• Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Blainville's horned lizard (Phrynosoma blainvillii)
• Short-horned lizards (Phrynosoma douglasii species complex):^[11]
  • Pygmy short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma douglasii) LC
  • Species treated by SSAR as subspecies^[3] of the greater short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi) LC
    • Hernandez's short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi)^[11]
    • Plains short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma brevirostris)^{[7][11][n 5]}
    • New Mexico short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma ornatissimum)^{[7][11][n 5]}
    • Baur's short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma bauri)^{[7][11][n 5]}
    • San Luis Valley short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma diminutum)^{[7][11][n 5]}
• Desert horned lizard (Phrynosoma platyrhinos) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Goode's horned lizard (Phrynosoma goodei)
• Flat-tail horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) NT
• Round-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma modestum) LC
• Regal horned lizard (Phrynosoma solare) LC

Spiny lizards

• Dunes sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus arenicolus) VU
• Desert spiny lizard (Sceloporus magister) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Twin-spotted spiny lizard (Sceloporus bimaculosus)
  • Yellow-backed spiny lizard (Sceloporus uniformis)
• Clark's spiny lizard (Sceloporus clarkii) LC
• Species split from the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) LC:
  • Eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus)
  • Prairie lizard (Sceloporus consobrinus)
  • Southwestern fence lizard (Sceloporus cowlesi)
  • Plateau fence lizard (Sceloporus tristichus)
• Rough-scaled lizard (Sceloporus serrifer) LC^{[7][n 5]} and:^{[n 2]}
  • Blue spiny lizard (Sceloporus cyanogenys) ^{[n 3]}
• Common sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus graciosus) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Southern sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus (graciosus) vandenburgianus) LC^{[12][n 6][n 5]} (split from S. graciosus)
• Graphic spiny lizard (Sceloporus grammicus) LC
• Yarrow's spiny lizard (Sceloporus jarrovii) LC
• Canyon lizard (Sceloporus merriami) LC
• Western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis) LC and:^{[n 2]}
• Island fence lizard (Sceloporus becki)^{[7][n 6][n 5]} (split from S. occidentalis)
• Texas spiny lizard (Sceloporus olivaceus) LC
• Granite spiny lizard (Sceloporus orcutti) LC
• Crevice spiny lizard (Sceloporus poinsettii) LC
• Slevin's bunchgrass lizard (Sceloporus slevini) LC
• Rose-bellied lizard (Sceloporus variabilis) LC, but only:
  • Texas rose-bellied lizard (Sceloporus (variabilis) marmoratus)^{[7][n 6][n 5]} (split from S. variabilis)
• Striped plateau lizard (Sceloporus virgatus) LC
• Florida scrub lizard (Sceloporus woodi) NT
• Ornate spiny lizard (Sceloporus ornatus)^[7] NT^{[n 1]}

Fringe-toed lizards

• Coachella fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) EN T
• Colorado Desert fringe-toed lizard (Uma notata) NT and:^{[n 2]}
  • Yuman fringe-toed lizard (Uma rufopunctata) NT
• Mohave fringe-toed lizard (Uma scoparia) LC
• Mohawk Dunes fringe-toed lizard (Uma thurmanae) ^{[8][n 4]}

Tree and brush lizards

• Long-tailed brush lizard (Urosaurus graciosus) LC
• Small-scaled lizard (Urosaurus microscutatus) (formerly merged with U. nigricaudus LC)^[3]
• Ornate tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) LC

Side-blotched lizards

• Common sideblotched lizard (Uta stansburiana) LC

Family: Dactyloidae (anoles)

• Green anole (Anolis carolinensis) LC
• Hispaniolan green anole (Anolis chlorocyanus) (I)
• Large-headed anole (Anolis cybotes) (I)
• Knight anole (Anolis equestris) (I)
• Cuban green anole (Anolis porcatus) (I)
• Crested anole (Anolis cristatellus) (I)
• Species split from the bark anole (Anolis distichus):
  • Bark anole (Anolis distichus) (I) ^{[n 8]}
  • Anolis (distichus) dominicensis (I)^{[7][n 6][n 1]}
  • Anolis (distichus) ignigularis (I)^{[7][n 6][n 1]}
• Allison's anole (Anolis allisoni) (I)^{[7][n 1]}
• Comb anole (Anolis ferreus) (I)
• Jamaican giant anole (Anolis garmani) (I)
• Brown anole (Anolis sagrei) (I)
• Saint Vincent's bush anole (Anolis trinitatis) (I)

Family: Polychrotidae

• Many-colored bush anole (Polychrus marmoratus) probably (I)^{[7][n 1]}

Family: Corytophanidae (casquehead lizards)

• Brown basilisk (Basiliscus vittatus) (I)

Family: Leiocephalidae (curly-tailed lizards)

• Northern curly-tailed lizard (Leiocephalus carinatus) (I) LC
• Red-sided curly-tailed lizard (Leiocephalus schreibersii) (I) LC

Family: Gekkonidae (geckos)

Subfamily: Gekkoninae

• Moorish gecko (Tarentola mauritanica) (I) LC
• Ringed wall gecko (Tarentola annularis) (I)
• Common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus) (I) LC
• Indo-Pacific house gecko (Hemidactylus garnotii) (I) ^{[n 9]}
• Wood slave (Hemidactylus mabouia) (I)
• Sri Lankan spotted house gecko (Hemidactylus parvimaculatus) (I)
• Asian flat-tailed house gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus) (I)
• Mediterranean gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus) (I)^[3] LC
• Indo-Pacific tree gecko (Hemiphyllodactylus typus) (I) ^{[n 9]} (Hawaii only)
• Peninsula leaf-toed gecko (Phyllodactylus nocticolus) LC
  (sometimes treated as subspecies of the Xantus' leaf-toed gecko (Phyllodactylus xanti) LC ^{[n 5]})
• Reef gecko (Sphaerodactylus notatus) LC
• Ocellated gecko (Sphaerodactylus argus) (I)
• Ashy gecko (Sphaerodactylus elegans) (I)
• Gray gecko (Sphaerodactylus cinereus)^[7] VU^{[n 5]}
• Bibron's sand gecko (Chondrodactylus bibronii) (I)^{[1][7][n 5]}
• Rough-tailed gecko (Cyrtopodion scabrum) (I) LC
• Mutilating gecko (Gehyra mutilata) (I) (Hawaii only)
• Golden gecko (Gekko badenii) (I) EN
• Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) (I)
• Yellow-headed gecko (Gonatodes albogularis) (I)
• Mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris) (I) ^{[n 9]}
• Madagascan giant day gecko (Phelsuma grandis) (I) LC
• Orange-spotted day gecko (Phelsuma guimbeaui) (I) (Hawaii only)
• Gold dust day gecko (Phelsuma laticauda) (I) LC

Subfamily: Eublepharinae

Banded geckos

• Texas banded gecko (Coleonyx brevis) LC
• Reticulate banded gecko (Coleonyx reticulatus) LC
• Switak's banded gecko (Coleonyx switaki) LC
• Western banded gecko (Coleonyx variegatus) LC

Family: Lacertidae (wall or true lizards)

Subfamily: Lacertinae

• Western green lacerta (Lacerta bilineata) (I) LC
• Common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) (I) LC
• Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) (I) LC

Family: Scincidae (skinks)

Subfamily: Scincinae

• Coal skink (Plestiodon anthracinus) LC
• Mountain skink (Plestiodon callicephalus) LC
• Mole skink (Plestiodon egregius) LC (blue-tailed mole skink (P. e. lividus): T)
• Five-lined skink (Plestiodon fasciatus) LC
• Gilbert's skink (Plestiodon gilberti) LC
• Southeastern five-lined skink (Plestiodon inexpectatus) LC
• Broad-headed skink (Plestiodon laticeps) LC
• Many-lined skink (Plestiodon multivirgatus) LC
• Great Plains skink (Plestiodon obsoletus) LC
• Prairie skink (Plestiodon septentrionalis) LC
• Western skink (Plestiodon skiltonianus) LC
• Four-lined skink (Plestiodon tetragrammus) LC
• Florida sand skink (Plestiodon reynoldsi) VU T
• Ocellated skink (Chalcides ocellatus) (I)^[3]

Subfamily: Lygosominae

• Brown mabuya (Mabuya multifasciata) (I)
• Little brown skink (Scincella lateralis) LC
• Pacific snake-eyed skink (Cryptoblepharus poecilopleurus) (I) (Hawaii only)
• Copper-tailed skink (Emoia cyanura) (I) (Hawaii only)
• Azure-tailed skink (Emoia impar) (I) LC (Hawaii only)
• Plague skink (Lampropholis delicata) (I) (Hawaii only)
• Moth skink (Lipinia noctua) (I) (Hawaii only)
• African five-lined skink (Trachylepis quinquetaeniata) (I)

Family: Anguidae

Subfamily: Anguinae

Glass lizards

• Slender glass lizard (Ophisaurus attenuatus) LC
• Island glass lizard (Ophisaurus compressus) LC
• Mimic glass lizard (Ophisaurus mimicus) LC
• Eastern glass lizard (Ophisaurus ventralis) LC

Subfamily: Gerrhonotinae

Western alligator lizards

• Northern alligator lizard (Elgaria coerulea) LC
• Madrean alligator lizard (Elgaria kingii) LC
• Southern alligator lizard (Elgaria multicarinata) LC
• Panamint alligator lizard (Elgaria panamintina) VU

Eastern alligator lizards

• Texas alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus infernalis) LC

Family: Anniellidae (American legless lizards)

California legless lizards

• Species split from the California legless lizard (Anniella pulchra) LC:
  • Temblor legless lizard (Anniella alexanderae)^[3]
  • Big Spring legless lizard (Anniella campi)^[3]
  • Bakersfield legless lizard (Anniella grinnelli)^[3]
  • Northern legless lizard (Anniella pulchra)^[3]
  • San Diegan legless lizard (Anniella stebbinsi)^[3]

Family: Helodermatidae (Gila monsters)

• Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) NT

Family: Teiidae (tegus or whiptails)

• Giant ameiva (Ameiva ameiva) (I)
• Dusky giant ameiva (Ameiva praesignis) (I)
• Species split from the canyon spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis burti) LC:
  • Giant spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis (burti) stictogramma) ^{[n 3]}
  • Red-backed whiptail (Aspidoscelis xanthonota) ^{[n 3]}
• Chihuahuan spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis exsanguis) LC ^{[n 9]}
• Common spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis gularis) LC
• Orange-throated whiptail (Aspidoscelis hyperythra) LC
• Species split from Aspidoscelis inornata:
  • Little striped whiptail (Aspidoscelis inornata) LC (diploid) and:^{[n 2]}
    • Little white whiptail (Aspidoscelis (inornata) gypsi) VU ^{[n 10][n 5]} (split from A. inornata)
    • Pai striped whiptail (Aspidoscelis (inornata) pai) LC ^{[n 10][n 5]} (split from A. inornata)
    • Arizona striped whiptail (Aspidoscelis (inornata) arizonae) NT ^{[n 10][n 5]} (split from A. inornata)
  • Plateau striped whiptail (Aspidoscelis velox) LC ^{[n 9]}(triploid)
• Neaves' whiptail (Aspidoscelis neavesi)^{[3][n 11][n 9]}
• Laredo striped whiptail (Aspidoscelis laredoensis) LC ^{[n 9]}
• Marbled whiptail (Aspidoscelis marmorata
• Giant whiptail (Aspidoscelis motaguae) (I) LC
• New Mexico whiptail (Aspidoscelis neomexicana) LC ^{[n 9]}
• Aspidoscelis tesselata complex:
  • Common checkered whiptail (Aspidoscelis tesselata) LC ^{[n 9]}(diploid,^[3] former A. grahamii)^[2]) and:^{[n 2]}
    • Gray checkered whiptail (Aspidoscelis dixoni) NT^{[2][n 5]} (split from A. tesselata)
  • Colorado checkered whiptail (Aspidoscelis neotesselata) NT ^{[n 9]}(triploid, former A. tesselata^[3])
• Plateau spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis scalaris) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Big Bend spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis (scalaris) septemvittata)
• Six-lined racerunner (Aspidoscelis sexlineata) LC
• Sonoran spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis sonorae) LC ^{[n 9]}
  • Gila spotted whiptail (Aspidoscelis flagellicauda) LC ^{[n 9]} (sometimes in A. sonorae^[7])
• Tiger whiptail (Aspidoscelis tigris) LC
• Desert grassland whiptail (Aspidoscelis uniparens) LC ^{[n 9]}
• Rainbow whiptail (Cnemidophorus lemniscatus) (I)
• Argentine giant tegu (Salvator merianae) (I) LC
• Gold tegu (Tupinambis teguixin) (I)^[3]

Family: Xantusiidae (night lizards)

• Species split from the desert night lizard (Xantusia vigilis) LC:
  • Desert night lizard (Xantusia vigilis)
  • Arizona night lizard (Xantusia arizonae) LC
  • Sierra night lizard (Xantusia sierrae)
  • Wiggins' night lizard (Xantusia wigginsi)
• Bezy's night lizard (Xantusia bezyi) LC
• Sandstone night lizard (Xantusia gracilis) VU
• Granite night lizard (Xantusia henshawi) LC
• Island night lizard (Xantusia riversiana) LC T

Family: Varanidae (monitor lizards)

• Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus) (I)
• Savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus) (I)^[7] LC^{[n 1]}
• Common water monitor (Varanus salvator) (I)^[7] LC^{[n 1]}

Family: Rhineuridae (North American worm lizards)

Worm lizards

• Florida wormlizard (Rhineura floridana) LC

Family: Typhlopidae (blind snakes)

• Brahminy blindsnake (Indotyphlops braminus) (I) ^{[n 9]}

Family: Boidae (boas)

Subfamily: Erycinae

Rubber and rosy boas

• Northern rubber boa (Charina bottae) LC
• Southern rubber boa (Charina umbratica)
• Three-lined boa (Lichanura trivirgata) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Rosy boa (Lichanura orcutti)

Subfamily: Boinae

Boas

• Boa constrictor (Boa constrictor) (I)

Family: Colubridae (colubrids)

Subfamily: Colubrinae

Racers

• North American racer (Coluber constrictor) LC

Whipsnakes

• Sonoran whipsnake (Coluber bilineatus) LC
• Coachwhip (Coluber flagellum) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Baja California coachwhip (Coluber fuliginosus)
• Striped racer (Coluber lateralis) LC (Alameda striped racer C. l. euryxanthus: T)
• Striped whipsnake (Coluber taeniatus) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Schott's whipsnake (Coluber schotti) LC

Desert rat snakes

• Baja California ratsnake (Bogertophis rosaliae) LC
• Trans-Pecos ratsnake (Bogertophis subocularis) LC

Rat snakes and fox snakes

• Species split from the black rat snake (Pantherophis obsoletus) LC:
  • Western ratsnake (Pantherophis obsoletus)
  • Eastern ratsnake (Pantherophis quadrivittatus)
  • Central ratsnake (Pantherophis alleghaniensis)
• Baird's ratsnake (Pantherophis bairdi) LC
• Great Plains ratsnake (Pantherophis emoryi) LC
• Species split from the foxsnake (Pantherophis vulpinus) LC
  • Eastern foxsnake (Pantherophis vulpinus) including:
  • Western fox snake (Pantherophis ramspotti)
• Red cornsnake (Pantherophis guttatus) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Slowinski's cornsnake (Pantherophis slowinskii) DD

Glossy snakes

• Glossy snake (Arizona elegans) LC

Scarlet snakes

• Scarlet snake (Cemophora coccinea) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Texas scarletsnake (Cemophora lineri)^{[3][n 3]}

Sand snakes

• Variable sandsnake (Sonora straminea,^[13][7] syn. Chilomeniscus stramineus)^[3] LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Banded sand snake (Sonora cincta, syn. Chilomeniscus cinctus)^{[13][7][n 5]} (split back from Ch. stramineus)

Ground snake

• Variable groundsnake (Sonora semiannulata)^[13][7][3] and:^{[n 2]}
  • Southern Texas groundsnake (Sonora (semiannulata) taylori)^{[13][7][n 6][n 5]} (split from the western groundsnake (S. semiannulata))
• Great Plains groundsnake (Sonora episcopa)^{[13][7][n 5]}

Shovel-nosed snakes

• Mohave shovel-nosed snake (Sonora occipitalis,^[13][7] syn. Chionactis occipitalis)^[3] LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Resplendent desert shovel-nosed snake (Sonora annulata,^[13][7] syn. Chionactis annulata)^{[3] [n 3]}
• Sonoran shovel-nosed snake (Sonora palarostris,^[13][7] syn. Chionactis palarostris^[3]) LC

Indigo snakes

• Eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) LC T
• Gulf coast indigo snake (Drymarchon kolpobasileus)^[3]
• Central American indigo snake (Drymarchon melanurus) LC

Speckled racers

• Speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus)

Mexican hognose snakes

• Tamaulipan hook-nosed snake (Ficimia streckeri) LC

Plateau hooknose snakes

• Chihuahuan hook-nosed snake (Gyalopion canum) LC
• Thornscrub hook-nosed snake (Gyalopion quadrangulare) LC

Night snakes

• Gray-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna) LC
• Species split from the yellow-bellied kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster) LC:
  • Prairie kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster)
  • South Florida mole kingsnake (Lampropeltis occipitolineata)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Northern mole kingsnake (Lampropeltis rhombomaculata)^{[3][n 3]}

Short-tailed snake

• Short-tailed kingsnake (Lampropeltis extenuata) NT

Kingsnakes

• Species split from the common kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) LC:
  • Eastern kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula)^{[3][n 3]}
  • California kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Speckled kingsnake (Lampropeltis holbrooki)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Eastern black kingsnake (Lampropeltis nigra)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Desert kingsnake (Lampropeltis splendida)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Florida kingsnake (Lampropeltis floridana)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Apalachicola kingsnake (Lampropeltis meansi)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Western black kingsnake (Lampropeltis nigrita)^{[3][n 3]}
• Arizona mountain kingsnake (Lampropeltis pyromelana) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Madrean mountain kingsnake (Lampropeltis (pyromelana) knoblochi)
• Species split from the milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum):
  • Eastern milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum)^[3]
  • Scarlet kingsnake (Lampropeltis elapsoides)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Mexican milksnake (Lampropeltis (triangulum) annulata)^{[3][n 3]}
  • Western milksnake (Lampropeltis gentilis)^{[3][n 3]}
• California mountain kingsnake (Lampropeltis zonata) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Coast mountain kingsnake (Lampropeltis (zonata) multifasciata)^{[3][n 3]}

Rough green snake

• Rough greensnake (Opheodrys aestivus) LC

Smooth green snake

• Smooth greensnake (Opheodrys vernalis) LC

Neotropical vine snakes

• Brown vinesnake (Oxybelis aeneus) and:^{[n 2]}
  • Thrornscrub vine snake (Oxybelis microphthalmus) ^{[8][n 4]}

Leaf-nosed snakes

• Saddled leaf-nosed snake (Phyllorhynchus browni) LC
• Spotted leaf-nosed snake (Phyllorhynchus decurtatus) LC

Bull, gopher, and pine snakes

• Gopher snake (Pituophis catenifer) LC
• Pinesnake (Pituophis melanoleucus) LC
• Louisiana pine snake (Pituophis ruthveni) EN

Pine wood snake

• Pine woods littersnake (Rhadinaea flavilata) LC

Long-nosed snake

• Long-nosed snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei) LC

Patch-nosed snakes

• Eastern patch-nosed snake (Salvadora grahamiae) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Texas patchnose snake (Salvadora lineata) ^{[8][n 4]}
• Western patch-nosed snake (Salvadora hexalepis) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Big Bend patch-nosed snake (Salvadora (hexalepis) deserticola)^{[7][n 6][n 5]} (split from S. hexalepis)

Mountain ratsnake

• Green ratsnake (Senticolis triaspis) LC

Black-headed, flat-headed, and crowned snakes

• Mexican black-headed snake (Tantilla atriceps) LC
• Southeastern crowned snake (Tantilla coronata) LC
• Trans-Pecos black-headed snake (Tantilla cucullata) LC (formerly in T. rubra)
• Flat-headed snake (Tantilla gracilis) LC
• Smith's black-headed snake (Tantilla hobartsmithi) LC
• Plains black-headed snake (Tantilla nigriceps) LC
• Rim rock crowned snake (Tantilla oolitica) EN
• Western black-headed snake (Tantilla planiceps) LC
• Florida crowned snake (Tantilla relicta) LC
• Chihuahuan black-headed snake (Tantilla wilcoxi) LC
• Yaqui black-headed snake (Tantilla yaquia) LC

Lyre snakes

• Sonoran lyresnake (Trimorphodon lambda)
• California lyresnake (Trimorphodon lyrophanes)
• Texas lyresnake (Trimorphodon vilkinsonii) LC (formerly in T. biscutatus)

Subfamily: Natricinae

Shovel-nosed snakes

• Kirtland's snake (Clonophis kirtlandii) NT

Water snakes

• Saltmarsh snake (Nerodia clarkii) LC:
  • Gulf saltmarsh watersnake (N. c. clarkii)
  • Mangrove saltmarsh watersnake (N. c. compressicauda)
  • Atlantic saltmarsh watersnake (N. c. taeniata) T
• Mississippi green watersnake (Nerodia cyclopion) LC
• Plain-bellied watersnake (Nerodia erythrogaster) LC
  • Copper-bellied watersnake (N. e. neglecta) T)
• Southern watersnake (Nerodia fasciata) LC:
  • Broad-banded watersnake (N. f. confluens)
  • Banded watersnake (N. f. fasciata)
  • Florida watersnake (N. f. pictiventris)
• Florida green watersnake (Nerodia floridana) LC
• Brazos River watersnake (Nerodia harteri) NT
• Concho watersnake (Nerodia paucimaculata) NT
• Diamond-backed watersnake (Nerodia rhombifer) LC
• Common watersnake (Nerodia sipedon) LC
• Brown watersnake (Nerodia taxispilota) LC

Crayfish snakes

• Graham's crayfish snake (Regina grahamii) LC
• Queensnake (Regina septemvittata) LC

Swampsnakes

• Striped swampsnake (Liodytes alleni) LC
• Glossy swampsnake (Liodytes rigida) LC
• Black swampsnake (Liodytes pygaea) LC

Brown snakes

• Dekay's brown snake (Storeria dekayi) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Florida brown snake (Storeria victa) ^{[n 3]}
• Red-bellied snake (Storeria occipitomaculata) LC

Garter snakes

• Aquatic gartersnake (Thamnophis atratus) LC
• Short-headed gartersnake (Thamnophis brachystoma) LC
• Butler's gartersnake (Thamnophis butleri) LC
• Sierra gartersnake (Thamnophis couchii) LC
• Black-necked gartersnake (Thamnophis cyrtopsis) LC
• Terrestrial gartersnake (Thamnophis elegans) LC
• Mexican gartersnake (Thamnophis eques) LC
• Giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) VU T
• Two-striped gartersnake (Thamnophis hammondii) LC
• Checkered gartersnake (Thamnophis marcianus) LC
• Northwestern gartersnake (Thamnophis ordinoides) LC
• Western ribbonsnake (Thamnophis proximus) LC
• Plains gartersnake (Thamnophis radix) LC
• Narrow-headed gartersnake (Thamnophis rufipunctatus) LC
• Eastern ribbonsnake (Thamnophis saurita) LC
• Common gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis) LC
  • San Francisco gartersnake (T. s. tetrataenia) E)

Lined snake

• Lined snake (Tropidoclonion lineatum) LC

Earth snakes

• Rough earthsnake (Haldea striatula) LC
• Smooth earthsnake (Virginia valeriae) LC

Subfamily: Dipsadinae

Sharp-tailed snakes

• Forest sharp-tailed snake (Contia longicaudae)
• Common sharp-tailed snake (Contia tenuis) LC

Night snakes

• Species split from the night snake (Hypsiglena torquata) LC:
  • Desert nightsnake (Hypsiglena chlorophaea)
  • Chihuahuan nightsnake (Hypsiglena jani)
  • Coast nightsnake (Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha)

Cat-eyed snakes

• Northern cat-eyed snake (Leptodeira septentrionalis)

Subfamily: Xenodontinae

Worm snakes

• Common wormsnake (Carphophis amoenus) LC
• Western wormsnake (Carphophis vermis) LC

Black-striped snake

• Regal black-striped snake (Coniophanes imperialis) LC

Ringneck snake

• Ring-necked snake (Diadophis punctatus) LC

Mud snake and rainbow snake

• Red-bellied mudsnake (Farancia abacura) LC
• Rainbow snake (Farancia erytrogramma) LC

Hog-nosed snakes

• Species split from the western hog-nosed snake (Heterodon nasicus) LC:
  • Plains hog-nosed snake (Heterodon nasicus) ^{[n 3]}
  • Dusty hog-nosed snake (Heterodon gloydi) ^{[n 3]}
  • Mexican hog-nosed snake (Heterodon kennerlyi) ^{[n 3]}
• Eastern hog-nosed snake (Heterodon platirhinos) LC
• Southern hog-nosed snake (Heterodon simus) VU

Family: Viperidae

Subfamily: Crotalinae

Copperhead and cottonmouth

• Eastern copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Broad-banded copperhead (Agkistrodon laticinctus)^[3]
• Northern cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Florida cottonmouth (Agkistrodon conanti)^[3]

Rattlesnakes

• Eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) LC
• Western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) LC
• Sidewinder (Crotalus cerastes) LC
• Timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) LC
• Rock rattlesnake (Crotalus lepidus) LC
• Species split from the speckled rattlesnake (Crotalus mitchellii):
  • Panamint rattlesnake (Crotalus stephensi) ^{[n 3]}
  • Southwestern speckled rattlesnake (Crotalus pyrrhus)^{[3][7][n 3]}
• Species split from the black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus) LC:^[3]
  • Western black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus)
  • Eastern black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus ornatus)
• Species split from the prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis) LC:
  • Prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis)
  • Arizona black rattlesnake (Crotalus cerberus)

• Species split from the western rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) LC:
  • Northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus (oreganus) oreganus) ^{[n 6]}
  • Great Basin rattlesnake (Crotalus lutosus)^{[7][n 5]}
  • Midget faded rattlesnake (Crotalus (oreganus) concolor)^{[7][n 6][n 5]}
  • Southern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus (oreganus) helleri)^{[7][n 6][n 5]}

• Twin-spotted rattlesnake (Crotalus pricei) LC
• Red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber) LC
• Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus) LC
• Tiger rattlesnake (Crotalus tigris) LC
• Ridge-nosed rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi) LC
  (New Mexico ridgenosed rattlesnake (C. w. obscurus): T)

Pigmy rattlesnakes

• Eastern massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Western massasauga (Sistrurus tergeminus)^{[3][n 3]}
• Pygmy rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius) LC

Family: Elapidae

Western coral snake

• Sonoran coral snake (Micruroides euryxanthus) LC

Eastern coral snake

• Harlequin coral snake (Micrurus fulvius) LC
• Texas coral snake (Micrurus tener) LC

Subfamily: Hydrophiinae

Pelagic sea snake

• Yellow-bellied seasnake (Hydrophis platurus) LC

Family: Leptotyphlopidae (slender blind snakes)

Blind snakes

• Texas threadsnake (Rena dulcis) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • New Mexico threadsnake (Rena dissecta) LC
• Western threadsnake (Rena humilis) LC and:^{[n 2]}
  • Trans-Pecos blind threadsnake (Rena (humilis) segrega)^{[7][n 6][n 5]} (split from R. humilis)

Family: Acrochordidae (file snakes)

• Javanese file snake (Acrochordus javanicus) (I) LC

Family: Pythonidae (pythons)

• Burmese python (Python bivittatus) (I)^[3] (P. (molurus) bivittatus: VU, introduced to Florida^[14])
• Northern African rock python (Python sebae) (I)^[3]