List of Zamia species
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Zamia tree based on transcriptomes[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Zamia is a genus of cycads (non-flowering plants with seeds) found in the Neotropical Realm of the Americas. As of May 2025, there are about 90 species of Zamia recognized by major databases of plant species. A 2024 study analyzing transcriptomes from 77 species of Zamia found support for a phylogenetic tree of seven clades for the genus occupying different geographical ranges. Clade I includes species in the Caribbean islands and Florida. Clade II includes species in states along the Gulf Coast of central Mexico. Clade III, which is divided into the sub-clades III-A and III-B, includes species found in Mexico and northern Central America. Clade IV consists of a single species found in the Mexican state of Chiapas. Clade V includes species found in southern Central America. Clade VI includes species found in southernmost Panama and west of the Andes in South America. Clade VII consists species found in northern Colombia and east of the Andes in South America.[1]
Almost all of the species in this table are accepted as valid in at least four of the following databases, including The World List of Cycads (WLC),[2] the USDA-ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN),[3] the Kew Gardens Plants of the World Online (Kew),[4] the World Flora Online (WFO).[5] and Tropicos.[6] A few species accepted in only three of the five databases are noted individually. The second column lists the clade in which the species was placed in the 2024 study based on transcriptomes. The third column lists the countries, or in the cases of Brazil, Mexico, and the United States, the states, in which the species are found. The fourth column includes the vulnerability assessment published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for each species.
| Species | Clade[1] | Distribution | IUCN status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zamia acuminata Oerst.ex Dyer | V (Isthmus) | Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama | Vulnerable |
| Zamia amazonum D.W.Stev. | VII (East of Andes) | Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela | Least concern |
| Zamia amplifolia Hort.Bull ex Mast. | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia angustifolia Jacq. | I (Caribbean) | Bahamas, Cuba | Vulnerable |
| Zamia boliviana (Brongn.) A.DC. | VII (East of Andes) | Bolivia, Brazil (Mato Grosso) | Least concern |
| Zamia brasiliensis Calonje & Segalla | (unknown) | Brazil (Mato Grosso, Rondônia) | Not evaluated |
| Zamia chigua Seem. | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Near threatened |
| Zamia cremnophila Vovides, Schutzman & Dehgan | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Tabasco) | Endangered |
| Zamia cunaria Dressler & D.W.Stev. | VI (West of Andes) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia decumbens Calonje, Meerman, M.P. Griff. & Hoese | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Belize | Endangered |
| Zamia disodon D.W.Stev. & Sabato | VII (Manicata) | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia dressleri D.W.Stev. | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia elegantissima Schutzman, Vovides & R.S.Adams | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia encephalartoides D.W. Stev. | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia erosa O.F.Cook & G.N.Collins | I (Caribbean) | Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico | Vulnerable |
| Zamia fairchildiana L.D.Gómez | V (Isthmus) | Panama, Costa Rica | Near threatened |
| Zamia fischeri Miq. ex Lem. | II (Fischeri) | Mexico (Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) | Endangered |
| Zamia furfuracea L.f. | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Veracruz) | Endangered |
| Zamia gentryi Dodson | VI (West of Andes) | Ecuador | Endangered |
| Zamia gomeziana R.H.Acuña | (unknown) | Costa Rica | Near threatened |
| Zamia grijalvensis Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Mart.-Camilo | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Chiapas) | Critically endangered |
| Zamia hamannii A.S.Taylor, J.L.Haynes & Holzman | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Vulnerable |
| Zamia herrerae Calderón & Standl. | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Chiapas), El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua | Vulnerable |
| Zamia huilensis Calonje, H.E.Esquivel & D.W.Stev. | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia hymenophyllidia D.W.Stev. | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia, Peru | Least concern |
| Zamia imbricata Calonje & J.Castro | VII (Manicata)[7] | Colombia | Not evaluated |
| Zamia imperialis A.S.Taylor, J.L.Haynes & Holzman | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia incognita A.Lindstr. & Idárraga | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia inermis Vovides, J.D.Rees & Vázq.Torres | II (Fischeri) | Mexico (Veracruz) | Critically endangered |
| Zamia integrifolia L.f. | I (Caribbean) | Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Puerto Rico, United States (Florida, Georgia [probably locally extinct]) | Near threatened |
| Zamia ipetiensis D.W.Stev. | VI (West of Andes) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia katzeriana (Regel) E.Rettig | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico | Critically endangered |
| Zamia lacandona Schutzman & Vovides | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Chiapas) | Endangered |
| Zamia lawsoniana[a] Dye | (unknown) | Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz) | Not evaluated |
| Zamia lecointei Ducke | VII (East of Andes) | Brazil (Pará), Colombia, Peru, Venezuela | Least concern |
| Zamia lindenii Regel ex André | VI (West of Andes) | Ecuador, Peru | Endangered |
| Zamia lindleyi Warsz. ex A.Dietr. | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia lindosensis Stevenson, Cárdenas & Castaño | (unknown) | Colombia | Not evaluated |
| Zamia loddigesii Miq. | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Veracruz, Puebla, Oaxaca, Hidalgo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Quintana Roo, Yucatán) | Near threatened |
| Zamia lucayana Britton | I (Caribbean) | Bahamas | Critically endangered |
| Zamia macrochiera D.W.Stev. | VII (East of Andes) | Peru | Endangered |
| Zamia magnifica Pérez-Farr., Gutt-Ortega & Calonje | (unknown) | Mexico (Oaxaca) | Not evaluated |
| Zamia manicata Linden ex Regel | VII (Manicata) | Colombia, Panama | Near threatened |
| Zamia meermanii Calonje | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Belize | Endangered |
| Zamia melanorrhachis D.W.Stev. | VII (Manicata)[7] | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia montana A.Braun | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Critically endangered |
| Zamia monticola Chamb. | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Guatemala | Critically endangered |
| Zamia multidentata Calonje, Segalla & R.S.Pimenta | (unknown) | Brazil (Acre) | Not evaluated |
| Zamia muricata Willd. | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia, Venezuela | Least concern |
| Zamia nana[b] A.Lindstr., Calonje, D.W.Stev. & A.S.Taylor | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia nesophila A.S.Taylor, J.L.Haynes & Holzman | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Critically endangered |
| Zamia neurophyllidia D.W.Stev. | V (Isthmus) | Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama | Least concern |
| Zamia obliqua A.Braun | V (Isthmus) | Colombia, Panama | Least concern |
| Zamia oligodonta E.Calderón & D.E.Stev. | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Critically endangered |
| Zamia onan-reyesii C.Nelson & Sandoval | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Honduras | Endangered |
| Zamia oreillyi C.Nelson | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Honduras | Critically endangered |
| Zamia orinoquiensis Calonje, Betancur & A.Linstr. | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia | Not evaluated |
| Zamia paucifoliolata Calonje | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Not evaluated |
| Zamia paucijuga Wieland | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Guerrero, Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca) | Near threatened |
| Zamia poeppigiana Mart. & Eichler | VII (East of Andes) | Bolivia, Brazil (Acre) | Least concern |
| Zamia portoricensis Urb. | I (Caribbean) | Puerto Rico | Endangered |
| Zamia prasina W.Bull | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Belize, Mexico (Tabasco, Yucatán) | Least concern |
| Zamia pseudomonticola L.D.Gómez | V (Isthmus) | Costa Rica, Panama | Least concern |
| Zamia pseudoparasitica Yates | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Near threatened |
| Zamia pumila L. | I (Caribbean) | Hispaniola (Dominican Republic), possibly Cuba; possibly locally extinct in Puerto Rico and Haiti | Vulnerable |
| Zamia purpurea Vovides, J.D.Rees & Vázq.Torres | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Veracruz, Oaxaca) | Critically endangered |
| Zamia pygmaea Sims | I (Caribbean) | Cuba | Endangered |
| Zamia pyrophylla Calonje, D.W.Stev. & A.Lindstr. | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Critically endangered |
| Zamia restrepoi (D.W.Stev.) A.Lindstr. | VII (Manicata) | Colombia | Critically endangered |
| Zamia roezlii Regel ex Linden | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia, Ecuador | Least concern |
| Zamia sandovalii C.Nelson | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Honduras | Endangered |
| Zamia sinuensis Calonje & J.Castro | VII (Manicata) | Colombia | Not evaluated |
| Zamia skinneri Warsz. ex A.Dietr. | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia soconuscensis Schutzman, Vovides & Dehgan | IV | Mexico (Chiapas) | Endangered |
| Zamia spartea A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Oaxaca) | Critically endangered |
| Zamia splendens[c] Schutzman | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz) | Endangered |
| Zamia standleyi Schutzman | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Guatemala, Honduras | Least concern |
| Zamia stenophyllidia Nicolalde-Morejón, Martínez-Domínguez & Stevenson | (unknown) | Mexico (Michoacán) | Not evaluated |
| Zamia stevensonii A.S.Taylor & Holzman | V (Isthmus) | Panama | Endangered |
| Zamia stricta Miq. | I (Caribbean) | Cuba | Vulnerable |
| Zamia tolimensis Calonje, H.E.Esquivel & D.W.Stev | VII (East of Andes) | Colombia | Endangered |
| Zamia tuerckheimii Donn.Sm. | III-B (Mega Mexico) | Guatemala | Near threatened |
| Zamia ulei Dammer | VII (East of Andes) | Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela | Least concern |
| Zamia urep B.Walln. | VII (East of Andes) | Peru | Endangered |
| Zamia variegata Warsz. | III-A (Mega Mexico) | Belize, Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas) | Endangered |
| Zamia vazquezii D.W.Stev., Sabato & De Luca | II (Fischeri) | Mexico (Veracruz) | Critically endangered |
| Zamia verschaffeltii[d] Miq. | (unknown) | Mexico | Not evaluated |
| Zamia wallisii H.J.Veitch | VI (West of Andes) | Colombia | Critically endangered |
Invalid names
This list includes some 50 names of Zamia species that have been published, but have since been synoymized to other cycad species and are not currently accepted by the WLC, Kew, or WFO databases.
- Zamia afra Thunb., Syn. of Encephalartos afer
- Zamia allison-armorii Millsp., Syn. of Z. pumila
- Zamia amblyphyllidia, Syn. of Z. erosa
- Zamia angustissima Miq., Syn. of Z. angustifolia
- Zamia atropurpurea Parm. ex Miq., Syn. of Ceratozamia mexicana
- Zamia baraquiniana hort. ex Regel, Syn. of Z. poeppigiana
- Zamia bussellii Schutzman, R.S., R.S. Adams, J.L. Haynes & Whitelock, Syn. of Z. onan-reyesii
- Zamia calocoma Miq., Syn. of Microcycas calocoma
- Zamia caracasana Lodd. ex Miq., Syn. of Z. loddigesii
- Zamia chamberlainii J. Schuster., Syn. of Z. pygmaea
- Zamia cupatiensis Ducke, Syn. of Z. ulei
- Zamia cycadifolia Jacq., Syn. of Encephalartos cycadifolius or Macrozamia fraseri
- Zamia debilis L. f., Syn. of Z. pumila
- Zamia dentata Voigt, Syn. of Z. integrifolia
- Zamia floridana A. DC., Syn. of Z. integrifolia
- Zamia friderici-guilielmi hort. ex Miq., Syn. of Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi
- Zamia fusca Schaedtler, Syn. of Z. verschaffeltii
- Zamia galeottii de Vriese, Syn. of Z. loddigesii
- Zamia guggenheimiana Catabia, Syn. of Z. angustifolia
- Zamia gutierrezii Sauvalle, Syn. of Z. muricata
- Zamia horrida Jacq., Syn. of Encephalartos horridus
- Zamia jirijirimensis R.E. Schult., Syn. of Z. lecointei
- Zamia kickxii Miq., Syn. of Z. pyqmaea
- Zamia lanuginosa Jacq., Syn. of Z. wallisii
- Zamia latifolia LH.J.Veitchex A. DC., Syn. of Z. furfuracea or Z. muricata
- Zamia latifoliolata Prenleloup, L.A., Syn. of Z. pumila
- Zamia lindleyana Warsz. ex Schaedtler, Syn. of Z. chigua
- Zamia longifolia Jacq., Syn. of Encephalartos longifolius
- Zamia macrophylla Parm. ex Miq., Syn. of Ceratozamia mexicana
- Zamia madida R.E. Schult., Syn. of Z. manicata
- Zamia maelani Miq., Syn. of Dioon edule
- Zamia media Jacq., Syn. of Z. integrifolia
- Zamia mexicana (Brongn.) Linden, Syn. of Z. loddigesii or Ceratozamia mexicana
- Zamia multifoliodentata Calonje, R. Segalla & R.S. Pimenta
- Zamia multifoliolata A. DC., Syn. of Z. angustifolia
- Zamia noeffiana Linden x Wirrm., Nomen dubium
- Zamia obidensis Ducke, Syn. of Z. lecointei
- Zamia ottonis Miq., Syn. of Z. pygmaea
- Zamia picta (Miq.) Dyer, Syn. of Z. variegata
- Zamia polymorpha D.W. Stev.,A. Moretti & Vázq. Torres, Syn. of Z. prasina
- Zamia potemkinii hort. x Miq. Nomen dubium or Syn. of Z. verschaffeltii
- Zamia princeps W. Bull. ex Dyer, Syn. of Z. chigua
- Zamia pungens L.f. ex Salisb., Syn. of Phoenix dactylifera
- Zamia spiralis Salsb., Syn. of Macrozamia spiralis
- Zamia sylvatica Chamb., Syn. of Z. loddigesii
- Zamia tenuis Willd., Syn. of Z. integrifolia
- Zamia tonkinensis Linden & Rodigas, Syn. of Cycas tonkinensis
- Zamia tridentata Willd., Syn. of Macrozamia sp.
- Zamia umbrosa Small, Syn. of Z. integrifolia
- Zamia wielandii J. Schuster., Syn. of Z. poeppigiana
- Zamia yatesii Miq., Syn. of Z. angustifolia