List of fastest computers

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This is a historical list of fastest computers and includes computers and supercomputers which were considered the fastest in the world at the time they were built.

More information Year, Country of site ...
Year Country of site Site Vendor / builder Computer Performance[a] Ref.
1938 Germany Personal research and development
Berlin, Germany		 Konrad Zuse Z1 1.00 IPS [1]
1940 Z2 1.25 IPS [2]
1941 Z3 20.00 IPS [3]
1944  United Kingdom Bletchley Park Tommy Flowers and his team,
Post Office Research Station		 Colossus 5.00 kIPS [4]
1945 United States University of Pennsylvania Moore School of Electrical Engineering ENIAC 5.00 kIPS [5]
1951 Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT Servomechanisms Laboratory Whirlwind I 20.00 kIPS [6]
1958 McGuire Air Force Base IBM AN/FSQ-7 75.00 kIPS [7]
1960 United States Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory 7090 229.00 kIPS [8]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Remington Rand's UNIVAC LARC 250.00 kIPS [9]
1961 United States Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory IBM 7030 Stretch 1.20 MIPS [10]
1962  United Kingdom University of Manchester University of Manchester,
Ferranti International, and Plessey Co.		 Atlas 1.00 MFLOPS [11]
1964  United States Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos CDC 6600 3.00 MFLOPS [12]
1969 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7600 36.00 MFLOPS [13]
1974 STAR-100 100.00 MFLOPS [14]
1976 Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Cray Cray-1 160.00 MFLOPS [15]
1980  United Kingdom Meteorological Office, Bracknell CDC Cyber 205 400.00 MFLOPS [16]
1983  United States National Security Agency Cray X-MP/4 713.00 MFLOPS* [17]
1985  United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Cray Cray-2 1.41 GFLOPS* [18]
1988 NASA Ames Research Center Y-MP/832 2.14 GFLOPS* [17]
1990  Japan Fuji Heavy Industries Fujitsu VP2600/10 4.00 GFLOPS* [19]
1992  Canada Atmospheric Environment Service NEC SX-3/44 20.00 GFLOPS* [20]
1993  United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Thinking Machines CM-5/1024 59.70 GFLOPS* [21]
 Japan National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan Fujitsu Numerical Wind Tunnel 124.20 GFLOPS* [22]
1994  United States Sandia National Laboratories Intel Paragon XP/S 140 143.40 GFLOPS* [23]
 Japan National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan Fujitsu Numerical Wind Tunnel 170.00 GFLOPS* [22]
1996 University of Tokyo Hitachi SR2201 232.40 GFLOPS* [24]
University of Tsukuba CP-PACS 368.20 GFLOPS* [25]
1997  United States Sandia National Laboratories Intel ASCI Red 1.06 TFLOPS* [26]
2000 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory IBM ASCI White 4.93 TFLOPS* [27]
2001 7.20 TFLOPS*
2002  Japan JAMSTEC Earth Simulator Center NEC Earth Simulator 35.86 TFLOPS* [28]
2004  United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory IBM Blue Gene/L 70.72 TFLOPS* [29]
2005 136.80 TFLOPS*
280.60 TFLOPS*
2007 478.20 TFLOPS*
2008  United States Los Alamos National Laboratory IBM Roadrunner 1.02 PFLOPS* [30]
1.10 PFLOPS*
2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Cray Jaguar 1.75 PFLOPS* [31]
2010  China National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin National University of Defense Technology Tianhe-1A 2.57 PFLOPS* [32]
2011  Japan RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science Fujitsu K computer 10.51 PFLOPS* [33]
2012  United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory IBM Sequoia (Blue Gene/Q) 16.32 PFLOPS* [34]
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Cray Titan 17.59 PFLOPS* [35]
2013  China National Supercomputing Center of Guangzhou National University of Defense Technology Tianhe-2 33.86 PFLOPS* [36]
2016 National Supercomputing Center of Wuxi NRCPC Sunway TaihuLight 93.01 PFLOPS* [37]
2018  United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory IBM Summit 122.30 PFLOPS* [38]
2019 148.60 PFLOPS* [39]
2020  Japan RIKEN Center for Computational Science Fujitsu Fugaku 415.53 PFLOPS* [40]
442.01 PFLOPS*
2022  United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory HPE Cray Frontier 1.102 EFLOPS* [41]
2023 1.194 EFLOPS*
2024 1.206 EFLOPS*
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory El Capitan 1.742 EFLOPS* [42]
2025 1.809 EFLOPS*
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a. ^ Performance figures for computers prior to 1983 represent nominal operation rates or peak instruction throughput.
An asterisk (*) denotes Rmax – the highest sustained performance measured using the LINPACK benchmarks suite.

See also

References

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