List of languages of Russia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of languages used in Russia. Russian is the only official language at the national level and there are other 35 official languages, which are used in different regions of Russia.[1] There are approximately 190 indigenous languages in Russia. The ten largest of these, which do not hold official state status outside the Russian Federation, are listed below in descending order of the number of speakers: Tatar, Chechen, Bashkir, Chuvash, Avar, Kabardian, Dargwa, Ossetian, Kumyk and Lezgin, according to the 2010 Russian census[2].
Official language
Languages related to European Russia
Languages with 1,000,000 or more speakers[3]
Languages with 100,000 or more speakers[3]
- Avar (715,297)
- Armenian (660,935)
- French (616,394)
- Kabardian (515,672)
- Dargwa (485,705)
- Azerbaijani (473,044)
- Ossetic (451,431)
- Kumyk (426,212)
- Lezgian (402,173)
- Mordovian languages (392,941)
- Eastern Mari (365,127)
- Udmurt (324,338)
- Ingush (305,868)
- Karachay-Balkar (305,364)
- Belarusian (173,980)
- Georgian (170,659)
- Komi-Zyrian (156,099)
- Spanish (152,147)
- Turkish (146,363)
- Lak (145,895)
- Romanian (128,197)
- Adyghe (117,489)
Languages with 10,000 or more speakers
- Moldovan (96,061)
- Polish (94,000)
- Nogai (87,119)
- Italian (83,202)
- Kalmyk (80,546)
- Tabassaran (75,079)
- Komi-Permyak (63,106)
- Karelian (52,000)
- Finnish (51,000)
- Lithuanian (49,000)
- Abaza (38,000)
- Western Mari (36,000)
- Latvian (34,000)
- Kurmanji (30,000)
- Yiddish (30,000)
- Rutul (29,000)
- Aghul (29,000)
- Estonian (26,000)
- Andi (23,000)
- Baltic Romany (20,000)
- Tsez (15,000)
- Bezhta (10,000)
- Vlax Romany (10,000)
- Livvi
Languages with 1,000 or more speakers
Languages with fewer than 1,000 speakers
Languages related to Asian Russia
Languages with 100,000 or more speakers
Languages with 10,000 or more speakers
Languages with 1,000 or more speakers
Languages with fewer than 1,000 speakers
Other
- Korean (60,000)
- Mandarin Chinese (59,000)
- Turkmen (38,000)
- Czech
- Domari
- Lomavren
- Pontic Greek
- Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
- Tat language
- Russian sign language
Language families
A total of 14 language families are native to Russia:[5]