List of massacres in Brazil

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The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Brazil (numbers may be approximate):

Name Date Location Deaths Notes
Rodeador Massacre 1820 October 25 Bonito, Pernambuco 91 Governor Luiz do Rego sends troops to destroy a Sebastianist community, believing it to be a separatist movement. 100+ wounded; 200 women and 300 children are imprisoned and taken to Recife.[1][2]
Diligente Brig Massacre 1823 October 20–22 Belém, Pará 255 256 mutinous soldiers are locked in the hold of the brig Diligente. The heat and lack of air cause the prisoners to panic. After multiple demands, the guards give them a small amount of water, leading to a brawl among the prisoners. Fearing they might escape, guards fire their weapons into the hold and throw quicklime down the hatches before locking them. All but one prisoner dies.[3][4]
Pedra Bonita massacre 1838 May 14–17 Pernambuco 54 12 men, 12 women, and 30 children are sacrificed by a Sebastianist cult. 14 dogs are also killed. The cult's leader is eventually murdered by his brother who takes over the cult. The cult was dismantled following a police raid where 5 soldiers and 16 cult members (Including 3 women) are killed.[5][6]

First to Fourth Brazilian Republic (1889-1964)

Name Date Location Deaths Notes
Alto Alegre massacre 1901 March 13 Barra do Corda, Maranhão 200 A Rebellion by Guajajara Indians, in the municipality of Barra do Corda, results in approximately 200 deaths.[7][8]
Alcobaça Shooting 1902 July Alcobaça, Pará 10 Forty Indigenous people invade the city of Alcobaça, loot the guns of Manoel João, and attack inhabitants of the city. Raymundo Memado shoots and kills ten of the Indigenous people, causing their group to disband.[9]
Iguaçu Massacre 1914 November Iguaçu Valley 17 During the Contestado war, 17 traders suspected of aiding the rebels are executed by pro-government irregulars.[10]
Garanhuns Hecatomb 1917 January 15 Garanhuns, Pernambuco 18 Following the assassination of Mayor Julio Brasileiro, his nephew Alfredo Viana storms the city with 100 men to avenge his death. With help from a judge and the police chief, 18 of the former mayor's enemies are lured into the local jail and shot to death.[11]
Alto do Leitão Massacre 1928 January 5 Barbalha, Ceará 6 Massacre of prisoners linked to the cangaço movement[12][13]
Battle of Praça da Sé 1934 October 7 São Paulo 7 Conflict between anti-fascists and integralists in the center of the city of São Paulo, 30 wounded.
Brazilian communist uprising of 1935 1935 November 23–27 Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Recife, Pernambuco, and Rio de Janeiro. 150
Caldeirão massacre 1937 May 11 Crato, Ceará 400-700 Minister of war Eurico Gaspar Dutra orders the destruction of the religious community known as Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto. 200 policemen are sent to attack the community, and the area is bombed by three military airplanes.[14][15]
Pau de Colher massacre 1938 January 19–21 Pernambuco-Piauí border 1000 The Pernambuco police attack the religious community of Pau de Colher, which includes survivors from the Caldeirão massacre. It is estimated that a total of 1000 inhabitants were killed, including those who were shot by police and those who later died of starvation and thirst.[16]
Chinese restaurant massacre 1938 March 1 São Paulo city, São Paulo 4 Murder and torture of four people in a small Chinese restaurant.[17]
Integralist Uprising 1938 May 11 Rio de Janeiro 22 Failed coup by the Brazilian Integralist Action (AIB) against the government of President Getúlio Vargas during the Estado Novo.
Ataléia Barracks Massacre 1948 10 July Ataléia, Minas Geraiss 4 A group of soldiers storm the local barracks to release Private Alvino Nicolau Alves, who had been arrested for attacking his commanding officer while drunk. 4 guards are killed in the attack.[18]
Pacheco Fernandes Massacre 1959 February 8 Brasília, Federal District 100+ Mass murder of an unknown number of workers by the Brasília Special Guard [pt].[19]
Niterói circus fire 1961 December 17 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 503[20] 800+ wounded, Three people were arrested and convicted of starting the fire.[21]
Ipatinga massacre 1963 October 7 Minas Gerais 8 (Officially) 79 wounded
Massacre at 11th Parallel 1963[22] November Mato Grosso 30 Rubber workers massacre a village of the Cinta Larga people, leaving only 2 alive.
Mari massacre 1964 January 15 Mari, Paraíba 11 Clash between peasants, plant employees, and police in Mari, Paraíba, leaving 11 dead and 4 injured.[23]

Military dictatorship (1964-1985)

Post-dictatorship Brazil

References

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