Mallorca (Parliament of the Balearic Islands constituency)
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Mallorca (also Majorca) is one of the four constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Balearic Islands. The constituency currently elects 33 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Mallorca. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.
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| Mallorca | |
|---|---|
| Parliament of the Balearic Islands Electoral constituency | |
Location of Mallorca within the Balearic Islands | |
| Island | Mallorca |
| Autonomous community | Balearic Islands |
| Population |  949,047 (2024)[1] |
| Electorate | 647,787 (2023) |
| Major settlements | Palma, Calvià |
| Current constituency | |
| Created | 1983 |
| Seats | 30 (1983–1987) 33 (1987–present) |
| Members | |
Until the 2003 election, the results in this district were also used to determine the composition of the Island Council of Mallorca—with the same seats—during the same term as the Parliament. From the 2007 election onwards, a separate election is held. Additionally, on 3 April 1979 the first independent election for the Island Council of Mallorca was held, electing 24 councillors.[2]
Electoral system
The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy of the Balearic Islands of 1983 and was first contested in the 1983 regional election. The Statute provided for the four main islands in the Balearic archipelago—Majorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera—to be established as multi-member districts in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands, with this regulation being maintained under the 1986 regional electoral law. Each constituency is allocated a fixed number of seats: 33 for Majorca, 13 for Menorca, 12 for Ibiza and 1 for Formentera. The exception was the 1983 election, when these numbers were 30, 12, 11 and 1, respectively.[3][4][5]
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Balearic Islands and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Balearic citizens abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado) which was abolished in 2022.[6][7] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots; until a 1995 reform, the threshold was set at three percent—being applied in each constituency.[3][4][5] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[8]
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[5][9][10]
Deputies
Regional elections
2023
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 124,401 | 34.24 | +13.70 | 13 | +6 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 97,688 | 26.89 | –0.30 | 10 | ±0 | |
| Vox (Vox) | 55,610 | 15.31 | +6.10 | 6 | +3 | |
| More for Mallorca (Més) | 37,651 | 10.36 | –1.21 | 4 | ±0 | |
| El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi) | 17,089 | 4.70 | –4.20 | 0 | –3 | |
| United We Can (EUIB–Podemos) | 14,496 | 3.99 | –5.42 | 0 | –3 | |
| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (CS) | 4,940 | 1.36 | –8.82 | 0 | –3 | |
| Progress in Green–PACMA (Progreso en Verde–PACMA)1 | 3,596 | 0.99 | –0.34 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Coalition for the Balearics (CperB) | 762 | 0.21 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE) | 659 | 0.18 | +0.08 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Political Reset (Reset) | 509 | 0.14 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| New National Order (Orden) | 359 | 0.10 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 5,545 | 1.53 | +0.56 | |||
| Total | 363,305 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 363,305 | 98.77 | –0.54 | |||
| Invalid votes | 4,507 | 1.23 | +0.54 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 367,812 | 56.78 | +2.20 | |||
| Abstentions | 279,975 | 43.22 | –2.20 | |||
| Registered voters | 647,787 | |||||
| Sources[11] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
2019
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 92,658 | 27.19 | +9.05 | 10 | +3 | |
| People's Party (PP) | 70,002 | 20.54 | –7.21 | 7 | –3 | |
| More for Mallorca (Més) | 39,415 | 11.57 | –5.58 | 4 | –2 | |
| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) | 34,686 | 10.18 | +2.80 | 3 | +1 | |
| United We Can (Podemos–EUIB)1 | 32,080 | 9.41 | –6.90 | 3 | –2 | |
| Vox–Citizen Alternative for Tolerance, Unity and Action (Vox–ACTUA Baleares) | 31,395 | 9.21 | New | 3 | +3 | |
| El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi) | 30,319 | 8.90 | +0.12 | 3 | ±0 | |
| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) | 4,529 | 1.33 | +0.33 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 785 | 0.23 | –0.04 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Act (PACT) | 687 | 0.20 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Four Islands Movement (M4illes) | 576 | 0.17 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE) | 344 | 0.10 | –0.05 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 3,290 | 0.97 | –0.74 | |||
| Total | 340,766 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 340,766 | 99.31 | +0.63 | |||
| Invalid votes | 2,366 | 0.69 | –0.63 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 343,132 | 54.58 | –4.01 | |||
| Abstentions | 285,496 | 45.42 | +4.01 | |||
| Registered voters | 628,628 | |||||
| Sources[12][13][14][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
2015
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 96,435 | 27.75 | –18.70 | 10 | –9 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 63,045 | 18.14 | –5.49 | 7 | –3 | |
| More for Mallorca (Més)1 | 59,617 | 17.15 | +6.43 | 6 | +2 | |
| We Can (Podemos/Podem) | 50,773 | 14.61 | New | 5 | +5 | |
| El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)2 | 30,527 | 8.78 | +1.61 | 3 | +3 | |
| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) | 25,651 | 7.38 | +7.13 | 2 | +2 | |
| Let's Win the Balearic Islands (Guanyem)3 | 5,920 | 1.70 | –1.16 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) | 3,476 | 1.00 | +0.62 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) | 3,163 | 0.91 | –1.26 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 953 | 0.27 | –0.05 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Family and Life Party (PFyV) | 802 | 0.23 | +0.10 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Zero Cuts Mallorca (Recortes Cero) | 612 | 0.17 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE) | 531 | 0.15 | –0.01 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 5,934 | 1.71 | –1.00 | |||
| Total | 347,439 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 347,439 | 98.68 | +0.23 | |||
| Invalid votes | 4,654 | 1.32 | –0.23 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 352,093 | 58.59 | –1.28 | |||
| Abstentions | 248,846 | 41.41 | +1.28 | |||
| Registered voters | 600,939 | |||||
| Sources[16][17][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
2011
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 156,692 | 46.45 | –0.21 | 19 | +3 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 79,732 | 23.63 | –6.47 | 10 | ±0 | |
| PSM–Initiative Greens–Agreement (PSM–IV–ExM)1 | 36,181 | 10.72 | n/a | 4 | +1 | |
| Regionalist League of the Balearic Islands (IB–Lliga) | 12,294 | 3.64 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Convergence for the Isles (CxI)2 | 11,913 | 3.53 | –4.84 | 0 | –3 | |
| United Left of the Balearic Islands (EUIB)1 | 9,642 | 2.86 | n/a | 0 | –1 | |
| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) | 7,336 | 2.17 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Republican Left (esquerra)1 | 5,325 | 1.58 | n/a | 0 | ±0 | |
| Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) | 2,306 | 0.68 | +0.40 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) | 1,275 | 0.38 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 1,094 | 0.32 | –0.25 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) | 829 | 0.25 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Citizens of Democratic Centre (CCD) | 621 | 0.18 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD) | 567 | 0.17 | +0.01 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE) | 548 | 0.16 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Dissidents (Dissidents) | 478 | 0.14 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Family and Life Party (PFyV) | 449 | 0.13 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Republican Social Movement (MSR) | 298 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB) | 282 | 0.08 | –0.03 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Radical Party (PRB) | 207 | 0.06 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 9,287 | 2.71 | +0.72 | |||
| Total | 337,356 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 337,356 | 98.45 | –0.98 | |||
| Invalid votes | 5,305 | 1.55 | +0.98 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 342,661 | 59.87 | –1.19 | |||
| Abstentions | 229,725 | 40.13 | +1.19 | |||
| Registered voters | 572,386 | |||||
| Sources[18][19][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
2007
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 157,135 | 46.66 | +1.65 | 16 | ±0 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 101,364 | 30.10 | +3.78 | 10 | +1 | |
| Bloc for Mallorca (PSM–EN, EU–EV, ERC)1 | 37,572 | 11.16 | –3.78 | 4 | –1 | |
| Majorcan Union (UM) | 28,178 | 8.37 | –0.82 | 3 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 1,921 | 0.57 | –1.09 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) | 937 | 0.28 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Party (PB) | 802 | 0.24 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic People's Union (UPB) | 689 | 0.20 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Key of Mallorca (Clau) | 546 | 0.16 | –0.72 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD) | 543 | 0.16 | +0.03 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB) | 366 | 0.11 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 6,696 | 1.99 | +0.42 | |||
| Total | 336,749 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 336,749 | 99.43 | +0.03 | |||
| Invalid votes | 1,937 | 0.57 | –0.03 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 338,686 | 61.06 | –2.68 | |||
| Abstentions | 216,033 | 38.94 | +2.68 | |||
| Registered voters | 554,719 | |||||
| Sources[18][20][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
2003
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 155,641 | 45.01 | +0.55 | 16 | ±0 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 90,998 | 26.32 | +3.26 | 9 | +1 | |
| Majorcan Union (UM) | 31,781 | 9.19 | +0.12 | 3 | ±0 | |
| Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN) | 30,964 | 8.95 | –4.48 | 3 | –1 | |
| United Left of Mallorca–The Greens of Mallorca (EU–EV) | 19,050 | 5.51 | –0.40 | 2 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 5,751 | 1.66 | +0.86 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Key of Mallorca (Clau) | 3,030 | 0.88 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) | 1,667 | 0.48 | +0.10 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Islands Renewal Party (PRIB) | 1,031 | 0.30 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD) | 438 | 0.13 | –0.03 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 5,440 | 1.57 | –0.16 | |||
| Total | 345,791 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 345,791 | 99.40 | +0.12 | |||
| Invalid votes | 2,088 | 0.60 | –0.12 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 347,879 | 63.74 | +6.35 | |||
| Abstentions | 197,930 | 36.26 | –6.35 | |||
| Registered voters | 545,809 | |||||
| Sources[21][22][15] | ||||||
1999
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP) | 130,815 | 44.46 | –0.11 | 16 | ±0 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 67,840 | 23.06 | +0.29 | 8 | ±0 | |
| Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN) | 39,509 | 13.43 | –0.01 | 4 | –1 | |
| Majorcan Union (UM) | 26,682 | 9.07 | +2.56 | 3 | +1 | |
| United Left of Mallorca–The Greens of Mallorca (EU–EV)1 | 17,403 | 5.91 | –3.63 | 2 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 2,368 | 0.80 | +0.34 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic People's Coalition (CPB) | 1,643 | 0.56 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) | 1,106 | 0.38 | –0.13 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Alternative Left of the Balearic Islands (EAIB) | 675 | 0.23 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Social Democrats for Progress (SDP) | 641 | 0.22 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)2 | 473 | 0.16 | +0.06 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 5,083 | 1.73 | +0.50 | |||
| Total | 294,238 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 294,238 | 99.28 | –0.14 | |||
| Invalid votes | 2,126 | 0.72 | +0.14 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 296,364 | 57.39 | –6.98 | |||
| Abstentions | 219,996 | 42.61 | +6.98 | |||
| Registered voters | 516,360 | |||||
| Sources[21][23][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
1995
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party (PP)1 | 136,767 | 44.57 | –2.95 | 16 | –2 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 69,865 | 22.77 | –6.62 | 8 | –3 | |
| Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalists of Mallorca (PSM–NM) | 41,242 | 13.44 | +5.23 | 5 | +2 | |
| Majorcan Union (UM)2 | 19,966 | 6.51 | +3.44 | 2 | +1 | |
| United Left of Mallorca (IU) | 19,846 | 6.47 | +3.91 | 2 | +2 | |
| The Greens of the Balearic Islands (EVIB) | 9,422 | 3.07 | +0.44 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Convergence (CB) | 1,600 | 0.52 | –1.49 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) | 1,576 | 0.51 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independent Social Group (ASI) | 1,425 | 0.46 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 439 | 0.14 | –0.08 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Platform of Independents of Spain (PIE) | 378 | 0.12 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Neighborhood Movement–New Socialist Party (MV–NPS)3 | 321 | 0.10 | –0.11 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Radical Party (PRB) | 219 | 0.07 | –0.13 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 3,789 | 1.23 | +0.40 | |||
| Total | 306,855 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 306,855 | 99.42 | +0.05 | |||
| Invalid votes | 1,801 | 0.58 | –0.05 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 308,656 | 64.37 | +3.97 | |||
| Abstentions | 179,917 | 35.63 | –3.97 | |||
| Registered voters | 479,508 | |||||
| Sources[21][24][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
1991
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Party–Majorcan Union (PP–UM)1 | 130,275 | 47.52 | –0.14 | 18 | +1 | |
| Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE) | 80,569 | 29.39 | –2.40 | 11 | ±0 | |
| Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalists of Mallorca (PSM–NM) | 22,522 | 8.21 | +2.29 | 3 | +1 | |
| Independent Union of Mallorca–Independents of Mallorca (UIM–IM) | 8,429 | 3.07 | New | 1 | +1 | |
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 8,137 | 2.97 | –7.52 | 0 | –3 | |
| The Greens (EV) | 7,205 | 2.63 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| United Left (EU–IU) | 7,006 | 2.56 | +0.19 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Convergence (CB) | 5,513 | 2.01 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 600 | 0.22 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Alliance for the Republic (AxR) | 586 | 0.21 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Balearic Radical Party (PRB) | 549 | 0.20 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 2,272 | 0.83 | –0.21 | |||
| Total | 274,163 | 33 | ±0 | |||
| Valid votes | 274,163 | 99.37 | +0.64 | |||
| Invalid votes | 1,732 | 0.63 | –0.64 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 275,895 | 60.40 | –7.36 | |||
| Abstentions | 180,874 | 39.60 | +7.36 | |||
| Registered voters | 456,769 | |||||
| Sources[21][25][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
1987
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)1 | 96,470 | 34.85 | +0.53 | 13 | +2 | |
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 87,986 | 31.79 | –2.87 | 11 | ±0 | |
| Majorcan Union (UM) | 30,247 | 10.93 | –7.39 | 4 | –2 | |
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 29,028 | 10.49 | +8.11 | 3 | +3 | |
| Socialist Party of Mallorca–Nationalist Left (PSM–EN) | 16,383 | 5.92 | –0.71 | 2 | ±0 | |
| United Left (EU–IU)2 | 6,549 | 2.37 | –0.18 | 0 | ±0 | |
| People's Democratic Party (PDP) | 5,212 | 1.88 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC) | 1,072 | 0.39 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Life and Autonomy (VIA) | 961 | 0.35 | New | 0 | ±0 | |
| Blank ballots | 2,883 | 1.04 | +0.48 | |||
| Total | 276,791 | 33 | +3 | |||
| Valid votes | 276,791 | 98.73 | +0.31 | |||
| Invalid votes | 3,554 | 1.27 | –0.31 | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 280,345 | 67.76 | +2.71 | |||
| Abstentions | 133,411 | 32.24 | –2.71 | |||
| Registered voters | 413,756 | |||||
| Sources[26][15] | ||||||
Footnotes:
| ||||||
1983
| Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− | ||
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 88,771 | 34.66 | n/a | 11 | n/a | |
| People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL) | 87,893 | 34.32 | n/a | 11 | n/a | |
| Majorcan Union (UM) | 46,915 | 18.32 | n/a | 6 | n/a | |
| Socialist Party of Mallorca–Socialist Party of the Islands (PSM–PSI) | 16,979 | 6.63 | n/a | 2 | n/a | |
| Communist Party of the Balearic Islands (PCIB) | 6,525 | 2.55 | n/a | 0 | n/a | |
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 6,101 | 2.38 | n/a | 0 | n/a | |
| Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) | 1,509 | 0.59 | n/a | 0 | n/a | |
| Blank ballots | 1,437 | 0.56 | n/a | |||
| Total | 256,130 | 30 | n/a | |||
| Valid votes | 256,130 | 98.42 | n/a | |||
| Invalid votes | 4,101 | 1.58 | n/a | |||
| Votes cast / turnout | 260,231 | 65.05 | n/a | |||
| Abstentions | 139,824 | 34.95 | n/a | |||
| Registered voters | 400,055 | |||||
| Sources[27][15] | ||||||