Nuphar japonica
Species of flowering plant
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nuphar japonica, known as East Asian yellow water-lily,[2] is a perennial,[3] aquatic, rhizomatous,[1] herb[4] in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Japan, Korea, and Russia.[1]
| Nuphar japonica | |
|---|---|
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| Nuphar japonica Botanical Gardens Faculty of Science Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Spermatophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Nuphar |
| Section: | Nuphar sect. Nuphar |
| Species: | N. japonica |
| Binomial name | |
| Nuphar japonica DC., 1821 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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Nuphar japonica is one of three species in the genus Nuphar that is dispersed in the same geographical location of the Saijo Basin, an area in the Hiroshima Prefecture of Japan.[5]
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Nuphar japonica is a perennial,[3] aquatic, rhizomatous,[1] herb[4] with 1–3 cm thick rhizomes.[6][7] The leaves are submerged,[8][4] floating, or emerged.[7] The leaf blade is 12–35 cm long, and 6–18 cm wide.[6] The terete petiole[9] is 3–10(–14) mm wide.[7]
Generative characteristics
The yellow to red,[3] solitary,[4] 4–5 cm wide flowers[10] have a long, cylindrical peduncle.[4] The flowers have five sepals[11] and 10–18 petals.[12] The gynoecium consists of 15–16 carpels.[11] The 2–3.5 cm long,[7] and 1.6–2.3 cm wide, urceolate, green, long-necked fruit[6] bears ovoid seeds.[7]
Cytology
The chromosome count is 2n = 34.[13]
Taxonomy
It was published by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1821.[11][1] It is placed in the section Nuphar sect. Nuphar.[14]
Natural hybrids
Nuphar × saijoensis (Shimoda) Padgett is a natural hybrid between Nuphar japonica and Nuphar pumila.[15]
Etymology
Phytochemistry
N. japonica contains the alkaloids nupharidin, 1-desoxynupharidin, nupharamine, methyl and ethyl esters of nupharamine. The fruits also contains the alkaloids (0.06%) nupharine, beta-nupharidin, desoxynupharidin. In the rhizomes are found the steroid sitosterol, alkaloids acids, higher fatty acids (palmitic, oleic acid) and the ellagitanins nupharin A, B,[18] C, D, E and F.[19]
Ecology
Habitat
It occurs in lakes, ponds, and streams.[6]
