Pulitzer Prize for Biography

American award for distinguished biographies From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Pulitzer Prize for Biography is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. The award honors "a distinguished and appropriately documented biography by an American author."[1] Award winners receive US$15,000.[1]

From 1917 to 2022, this prize was known as the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography and was awarded to a distinguished biography, autobiography or memoir[2] by an American author or co-authors, published during the preceding calendar year. It is one of the original Pulitzers. The program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year.[3]

Recipients

In its first 97 years to 2013, the Biography Pulitzer was awarded 97 times. Two were given in 1938, and none in 1962.[4]

1910s–1940s

More information Year, Author ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners, 1917–1949[2]
Year Author Title Ref.
1917 Laura E. Richards and Maud Howe Elliott, assisted by Florence Howe Hall Julia Ward Howe
1918 William Cabell Bruce Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed
1919 Henry Adams† The Education of Henry Adams
1920 Albert J. Beveridge The Life of John Marshall, 4 vols.
1921 Edward Bok The Americanization of Edward Bok: The Autobiography of a Dutch Boy Fifty Years After
1922 Hamlin Garland A Daughter of the Middle Border
1923 Burton J. Hendrick The Life and Letters of Walter H. Page
1924 Michael I. Pupin From Immigrant to Inventor
1925 M. A. De Wolfe Howe Barrett Wendell and His Letters
1926 Harvey Cushing The Life of Sir William Osler, 2 vols.
1927 Emory Holloway Whitman
1928 Charles Edward Russell The American Orchestra and Theodore Thomas
1929 Burton J. Hendrick The Training of an American: The Earlier Life and Letters of Walter H. Page
1930 Marquis James The Raven: A Biography of Sam Houston
1931 Henry James Charles W. Eliot, President of Harvard University, 1869–1901
1932 Henry F. Pringle Theodore Roosevelt: A Biography
1933 Allan Nevins Grover Cleveland: A Study in Courage
1934 Tyler Dennett John Hay
1935 Douglas S. Freeman R. E. Lee
1936 Ralph Barton Perry The Thought and Character of William James
1937 Allan Nevins Hamilton Fish
1938 Marquis James The Life of Andrew Jackson, 2 vols.
Odell Shepard Pedlar's Progress: The Life of Bronson Alcott
1939 Carl Van Doren Benjamin Franklin[a]
1940 Ray Stannard Baker Woodrow Wilson, Life and Letters. Vols. VII and VIII[b]
1941 Ola Elizabeth Winslow Jonathan Edwards, 1703–1758: A Biography
1942 Forrest Wilson Crusader in Crinoline: The Life of Harriet Beecher Stowe[c]
1943 Samuel Eliot Morison Admiral of the Ocean Sea
1944 Carleton Mabee The American Leonardo: The Life of Samuel F. B. Morse[d] [7]
1945 Russel Blaine Nye George Bancroft: Brahmin Rebel
1946 Linnie Marsh Wolfe Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir[e]
1947 William Allen White† The Autobiography of William Allen White
1948 Margaret Clapp Forgotten First Citizen: John Bigelow[f]
1949 Robert E. Sherwood Roosevelt and Hopkins[g]
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1950s–1970s

More information Year, Author ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners, 1950–1979[2]
Year Author Title Ref.
1950 Samuel Flagg Bemis John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy[h]
1951 Margaret Louise Coit John C. Calhoun: American Portrait[i]
1952 Merlo J. Pusey Charles Evans Hughes[j]
1953 David J. Mays Edmund Pendleton 1721–1803[k]
1954 Charles A. Lindbergh The Spirit of St. Louis
1955 William S. White The Taft Story[l]
1956 Talbot Faulkner Hamlin Benjamin Henry Latrobe[m]
1957 John F. Kennedy Profiles in Courage[n] [11]
1958 Douglas Southall Freeman† with John Alexander Carroll and Mary Wells Ashworth George Washington, vols. I-VII[o]
1959 Arthur Walworth Woodrow Wilson[p]
1960 Samuel Eliot Morison John Paul Jones[q]
1961 David Donald Charles Sumner and the Coming of the Civil War[r]
1962 No award presented[14]
1963 Leon Edel Henry James[s]
1964 Walter Jackson Bate John Keats[t]
1965 Ernest Samuels Henry Adams, 3 vols.[u]
1966 Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House[v] [17]
1967 Justin Kaplan Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain[w] [18]
1968 George F. Kennan Memoirs[x]
1969 Benjamin Lawrence Reid The Man from New York: John Quinn and His Friends[y]
1970 Thomas Harry Williams Huey Long [20]
1971 Lawrance Thompson Robert Frost: The Years of Triumph, 1915–1938[z]
1972 Joseph P. Lash Eleanor and Franklin
1973 W. A. Swanberg Luce and His Empire
1974 Louis Sheaffer O'Neill, Son and Artist
1975 Robert Caro The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York [22]
1976 R. W. B. Lewis Edith Wharton: A Biography[aa]
1977 John E. Mack A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T. E. Lawrence
1978 Walter Jackson Bate Samuel Johnson
1979 Leonard Baker Days of Sorrow and Pain: Leo Baeck and the Berlin Jews[ab]
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1980s

Entries from this point on include the finalists listed after the winner for each year.

More information Year, Author ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners and finalists, 1980–1989[2]
Year Author Title Result Ref.
1980 Edmund Morris The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt Winner
Ernest Samuels Bernard Berenson, The Making of a Connoisseur Finalist
Meryle Secrest Being Bernard Berenson Finalist
Geoffrey Wolff The Duke of Deception Finalist
1981 Robert K. Massie Peter the Great: His Life and World Winner [25][26]
Justin Kaplan Walt Whitman: A Life Finalist
Ronald Steel Walter Lippmann and the American Century Finalist
1982 William S. McFeely Grant: A Biography Winner [27]
Gay Wilson Allen Waldo Emerson Finalist
David McCullough Mornings on Horseback Finalist
1983 Russell Baker Growing Up Winner [28]
Ted Morgan Churchill: Young Man in a Hurry, 1874–1915 Finalist
Richard Norton Smith Thomas E. Dewey and His Times Finalist
1984 Louis R. Harlan Booker T. Washington: The Wizard of Tuskegee, 1901–1915 Winner
Fred Kaplan Thomas Carlyle: A Biography Finalist
Kenneth Manning Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just Finalist
1985 Kenneth Silverman The Life and Times of Cotton Mather Winner [29]
Howard M. Feinstein Becoming William James Finalist
Michael Mott The Seven Mountains of Thomas Merton Finalist [30]
1986 Elizabeth Frank Louise Bogan: A Portrait Winner
John Hope Franklin George Washington Williams: A Biography Finalist
Frida Scheps Weinstein A Hidden Childhood: A Jewish Girl's Sanctuary in a French Convent, 1942–1945 Finalist
1987 David J. Garrow Bearing The Cross: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference Winner
Joseph Frank Dostoevsky: The Stir of Liberation, 1860–1865 Finalist
Leonard L. Richards The Life and Times of Congressman John Quincy Adams Finalist
A.M. Sperber Murrow: His Life and Times Finalist
1988 David Herbert Donald Look Homeward: A Life of Thomas Wolfe Winner
Kenneth S. Lynn Hemingway Finalist
John Owen McCormick George Santayana: A Biography Finalist
1989 Richard Ellmann† Oscar Wilde Winner
Peter Gay Freud: A Life for Our Time Finalist
Arnold Rampersad The Life of Langston Hughes: Volume II, 1941–1967: I Dream a World Finalist [31]
Neil Sheehan A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam Finalist
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1990s

More information Year, Author(s) ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners and finalists, 1990–1999[2]
Year Author(s) Title Result Ref.
1990 Sebastian de Grazia Machiavelli in Hell Winner
Jill Ker Conway The Road from Coorain Finalist
Reynolds Price Clear Pictures: First Loves, First Guides Finalist
Geoffrey C. Ward A First-Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin Roosevelt Finalist
1991 Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith Jackson Pollock: An American Saga Winner [32]
Patricia O'Toole The Five of Hearts: An Intimate Portrait of Henry Adams and His Friends 1880–1918 Finalist
Joseph Frazier Wall Alfred I. Du Pont: The Man and His Family Finalist
1992 Lewis B. Puller Fortunate Son: The Autobiography of Lewis B. Puller Jr. Winner
William S. McFeely Frederick Douglass Finalist
Michael Shelden Orwell: The Authorized Biography Finalist
1993 David McCullough Truman Winner [33]
James Gleick Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman Finalist
Walter Isaacson Kissinger: A Biography Finalist
1994 David Levering Lewis W. E. B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868–1919 Winner [34]
Deborah Baker In Extremis: The Life of Laura Riding Finalist
Edmund White Genet: A Biography Finalist
1995 Joan D. Hedrick Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Life Winner
Roger K. Newman Hugo Black: A Biography Finalist
Stacy Schiff Saint-Exupery: A Biography Finalist [35]
1996 Jack Miles God: A Biography Winner
John Loughery John Sloan: Painter and Rebel Finalist
Maynard Solomon Mozart: A Life Finalist [36]
1997 Frank McCourt Angela's Ashes: A Memoir Winner
Kim Barnes In the Wilderness: Coming of Age in Unknown Country Finalist
Hershel Parker Herman Melville: A Biography, Volume 1, 1819–1851 Finalist
1998 Katharine Graham Personal History Winner [37][38]
James H. Jones Alfred C. Kinsey: A Public-Private Life Finalist
Sam Tanenhaus Whittaker Chambers: A Biography Finalist
1999 A. Scott Berg Lindbergh Winner [39][40]
Francine du Plessix Gray At Home with the Marquis de Sade: A Life Finalist
Sylvia Nasar A Beautiful Mind Finalist
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2000s

More information Year, Author(s) ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners and finalists, 2000–2009[2]
Year Author(s) Title Result
2000 Stacy Schiff Vera, Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov Winner [35]
Bobbie Ann Mason Clear Springs: A Memoir Finalist
Dava Sobel Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love Finalist
2001 David Levering Lewis W. E. B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century 1919-1963 Winner [41]
H.W. Brands The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin Finalist
Christoph Wolff Johann Sebastian Bach: The Learned Musician Finalist
2002 David McCullough John Adams Winner [33]
Jimmy Carter An Hour Before Daylight: Memories of a Rural Boyhood Finalist
Jean Edward Smith Grant Finalist [42]
2003 Robert Caro Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson Winner
Nicholas Dawidoff The Fly Swatter: A Portrait of an Exceptional Character Finalist
Lewis Lockwood Beethoven: The Music and the Life Finalist
2004 William Taubman Khrushchev: The Man and His Era Winner
James Gleick Isaac Newton Finalist
Hayden Herrera Arshile Gorky: His Life and Work Finalist
2005 Mark Stevens and Annalyn Swan de Kooning: An American Master Winner
Stephen Greenblatt Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare Finalist
William Souder Under a Wild Sky: John James Audubon and the Making of The Birds of America Finalist
2006 Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer Winner
Joan Didion The Year of Magical Thinking Finalist
Megan Marshall The Peabody Sisters: Three Women Who Ignited American Romanticism Finalist [43]
2007 Debby Applegate The Most Famous Man in America: The Biography of Henry Ward Beecher Winner
Arthur H. Cash John Wilkes: The Scandalous Father of Civil Liberty Finalist [44]
David Nasaw Andrew Carnegie Finalist
2008 John Matteson Eden's Outcasts: The Story of Louisa May Alcott and Her Father Winner
Martin Duberman The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein Finalist
Zachary Leader The Life of Kingsley Amis Finalist
2009 Jon Meacham American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House Winner [45][46]
H.W. Brands Traitor to His Class: The Privileged Life and Radical Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt Finalist
Steve Coll The Bin Ladens: An Arabian Family in the American Century Finalist
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2010s

More information Year, Author(s) ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners and finalists, 2010–2019[2]
Year Author(s) Title Result Ref.
2010 T. J. Stiles The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt Winner [47]
Blake Bailey Cheever: A Life Finalist
John Milton Cooper, Jr. Woodrow Wilson: A Biography Finalist
2011 Ron Chernow Washington: A Life Winner [48][49]
Alan Brinkley The Publisher: Henry Luce and His American Century Finalist
Michael O'Brien Mrs. Adams in Winter: A Journey in the Last Days of Napoleon Finalist
2012 John Lewis Gaddis George F. Kennan: An American Life Winner [50][51]
Mary Gabriel Love and Capital: Karl and Jenny Marx and the Birth of a Revolution Finalist [51]
Manning Marable Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention Finalist [51]
2013 Tom Reiss The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo Winner [52]
Michael Gorra Portrait of a Novel: Henry James and the Making of an American Masterpiece Finalist [52]
David Nasaw The Patriarch: The Remarkable Life and Turbulent Times of Joseph P. Kennedy Finalist [52]
2014 Megan Marshall Margaret Fuller: A New American Life Winner [53][54]
Leo Damrosch Jonathan Swift: His Life and His World Finalist
Jonathan Sperber Karl Marx: A Nineteenth-Century Life Finalist
2015 David I. Kertzer The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe Winner [55][56]
Thomas Brothers Louis Armstrong: Master of Modernism Finalist
Stephen Kotkin Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928 Finalist
2016 William Finnegan Barbarian Days: A Surfing Life Winner [57][58]
Elizabeth Alexander The Light of the World: A Memoir Finalist
T. J. Stiles Custer's Trials: A Life on the Frontier of a New America Finalist
2017 Hisham Matar The Return: Fathers, Sons and the Land in Between Winner [59][60]
Susan Faludi In the Darkroom Finalist
Paul Kalanithi When Breath Becomes Air Finalist
2018 Caroline Fraser Prairie Fires: The American Dreams of Laura Ingalls Wilder Winner [61][62]
John A. Farrell Richard Nixon: The Life Finalist [61]
Kay Redfield Jamison Robert Lowell, Setting the River on Fire: A Study of Genius, Mania, and Character Finalist [61]
2019 Jeffrey C. Stewart The New Negro: The Life of Alain Locke Winner [63][64]
Max Boot The Road Not Taken: Edward Lansdale and the American Tragedy in Vietnam Finalist [63]
Caroline Weber Proust's Duchess: How Three Celebrated Women Captured the Imagination of Fin-de-Siècle Paris Finalist [63]
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2020s

More information Year, Author(s) ...
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners and finalists, 2020–present[2]
Year Author(s) Work Result Ref
2020 Benjamin Moser Sontag: Her Life and Work Winner [65][66][67]
George Packer Our Man: Richard Holbrooke and the End of the American Century Finalist [65]
Deirdre Bair Parisian Lives: Samuel Beckett, Simone de Beauvoir, and Me Finalist [65]
2021 Les Payne† and Tamara Payne The Dead Are Arising: The Life of Malcolm X Winner [68][69][70]
Heather Clark Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath Finalist [68]
Amy Stanley Stranger in the Shogun's City: A Japanese Woman and Her World Finalist [68]
2022 Winfred Rembert† and Erin I. Kelly Chasing Me to My Grave: An Artist's Memoir of the Jim Crow South Winner [71][72][73]
Richard Zenith Pessoa: A Biography Finalist [71]
Janice P. Nimura The Doctors Blackwell: How Two Pioneering Sisters Brought Medicine to Women and Women to Medicine Finalist [71]
2023 Beverly Gage G-Man: J. Edgar Hoover and the Making of the American Century Winner [74][75]
Jennifer Homans Mr. B: George Balanchine's 20th Century Finalist [74]
Robert Samuels and Toluse Olorunnipa His Name Is George Floyd: One Man's Life and the Struggle for Racial Justice Finalist [74]
2024 Jonathan Eig King: A Life Winner [76][77]
Ilyon Woo Master Slave Husband Wife: An Epic Journey from Slavery to Freedom Winner [76]
Tracy Daugherty Larry McMurtry: A Life Finalist [76]
2025 Jason Roberts Every Living Thing: The Great and Deadly Race to Know All Life Winner [78]
David Greenberg John Lewis: A Life Finalist [79]
Amy Reading The World She Edited: Katharine S. White at The New Yorker Finalist [80]
2026 Amanda Vaill Pride and Pleasure: The Schuyler Sisters in an Age of Revolution Winner [81]
James McWilliams The Life and Poetry of Frank Stanford Finalist
Lance Richardson True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen Finalist
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Repeat winners

Ten people have won the Pulitzer for Biography or Autobiography twice:

W. A. Swanberg was selected by the Pulitzer board in 1962 and 1973; however, the trustees of Columbia University (then responsible for conferral of the awards) overturned the proposed 1962 prize for Citizen Hearst.[14]

Notes

  1. [a]
    The 1939 jury shortlisted Elihu Root by Philip Jessup.[5]
  2. [b]
    The 1940 jury shortlisted Thoreau by Henry Seidel Canby.[5]
  3. [c]
    The 1942 jury ranked eventual winner Crusader in Crinoline: The Life of Harriet Beecher Stowe by Forrest Wilson as their second choice. Their unanimous first choice was Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography by Arthur H. Quinn.[5]
  4. [d]
    The 1944 jury shortlisted Walt Whitman, an American: A Study in Biography by Henry Seidel Canby.[6]
  5. [e]
    The 1946 jury ranked eventual winner Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir by Linnie Marsh Wolfe as their second choice. Their first choice was Soldier of Democracy by Kenneth S. Davis.[8]
  6. [f]
    The 1948 jury ranked eventual winner Forgotten First Citizen: John Bigelow by Margaret Clapp as their third choice. Their first choice was Thomas Jefferson, American Humanist by Karl Lehmann and their second choice was Wilson: The Road to the White House by Arthur S. Link.[8]
  7. [g]
    The 1949 jury shortlisted, in order, George Washington, Vols. I and II by Douglas Southall Freeman (of which all four volumes would be awarded the prize in 1958), Jefferson the Virginian by Dumas Malone, James Madison: The Nationalist, 1780-1787 by Irving Brant and The Story of John Hope by Ridgely Torrence.[9]
  8. [h]
    The 1950 jury shortlisted, in order, This I Remember by Eleanor Roosevelt , John C. Calhoun: Nullifier, 1829-1839 by Charles M. Wiltse and Jonathan Edwards by Perry Miller.[9]
  9. [i]
    The 1951 jury ranked eventual winner John C. Calhoun: American Portrait by Margaret Louise Coit as their third choice. Their first choice was James Madison: Father of the Constitution, 1787-1800 by Irving Brant and their second choice was Jane Mecom: The Favorite Sister of Benjamin Franklin by Carl Van Doren.[9]
  10. [j]
    The 1952 jury shortlisted, in order, John C. Calhoun: Sectionalism 1840-1850 by Charles M. Wiltse, Jefferson and the Rights of Man by Dumas Malone, Zachary Taylor: Soldier in the White House by Holman Hamilton and Raymond of the Times by Francis Brown.[9]
  11. [k]
    The 1953 jury shortlisted, in order, Sam Clemens of Hannibal by Dixon Wecter, John Adams and the Prophets of Progress by Zoltan Haraszti, Willkie: The Events He Was Part of, the Ideas He Fought For by Joseph Fels Barnes and A Scholar in Action: Edwin F. Gay by Herbert Heaton.[9]
  12. [l]
    The eventual winner The Taft Story by William S. White was chosen by the Advisory Board and not mentioned in the 1955 jury report. The jury shortlisted, in order, Many a Good Crusade: Memoirs by Virginia Gildersleeve, George Washington, Vol. III by Douglas Southall Freeman (of which all four volumes would be awarded the prize in 1958), Beyond the Hundredth Meridian: John Wesley Powell and the Second Opening of the West by Wallace Stegner, Ford: The Times, the Man, the Company by Allan Nevins, God's Country and Mine: A Declaration of Love Spiced with a Few Harsh Words by Jacques Barzun, The Woman Within by Ellen Glasgow and From Missouri: An American Farmer Looks Back by Thad Snow.[10]
  13. [m]
    The 1956 jury shortlisted, in order, The Solitary Singer: A Critical Biography of Walt Whitman by Gay Wilson Allen, The Memoirs of Harry S. Truman, Vol. 1: The Year of Decisions by Harry S. Truman, Henry George by Charles Albro Barker, John Sloan: A Painter's Life by Van Wyck Brooks and Laurette by Marguerite Courtney.[10]
  14. [n]
    The eventual winner Profiles in Courage by John F. Kennedy was chosen by the Advisory Board and not mentioned in the 1957 jury report. The jury shortlisted, in order, Harlan Fiske Stone: Pillar of the Law by Alpheus T. Mason, Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox by James MacGregor Burns, James Madison: The President, 1809-1812 by Irving Brant and John Quincy Adams and the Union by Samuel Flagg Bemis.[10]
  15. [o]
    The 1958 jury shortlisted, in order, Ford: Expansion and Challenge, 1915-1933 by Allan Nevins and Frank Ernest Hill, Albert Gallatin: Jeffersonian Financier and Diplomat by Raymond Walters Jr., Mr. Baruch by Margaret Coit and Master Roger Williams: A Biography by Ola Elizabeth Winslow.[12]
  16. [p]
    The 1959 jury shortlisted Henry Adams: The Middle Years by Ernest Samuels.[12]
  17. [q]
    The 1960 jury ranked eventual winner John Paul Jones by Samuel Eliot Morison as their second choice. Their first choice In the Days of McKinley by Margaret Leech was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for History by the Advisory Board.[13]
  18. [r]
    The 1961 jury shortlisted Louis Agassiz: A Life in Science by Edward Lurie.[13]
  19. [s]
    The 1963 jury shortlisted O'Neill by Arthur Gelb and Barbara Gelb, and John Adams by Page Smith.[15]
  20. [t]
    The 1964 jury shortlisted The Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald edited by Andrew Turnbull.[15]
  21. [u]
    The 1965 jury shortlisted The Three Worlds of Captain John Smith by Philip Lemont Barbour.[16]
  22. [v]
    The 1966 jury shortlisted The Autobiography of Van Wyck Brooks by Van Wyck Brooks, a compilation of three volumes that had been published in 1954, 1957 and 1961.[16]
  23. [w]
    The 1967 jury shortlisted, in order, James Russell Lowell by Martin Duberman, Robert Frost: The Early Years, 1874-1915 by Lawrance Thompson and James Boswell: The Earlier Years, 1740-1769 by Frederick A. Pottle.[16]
  24. [x]
    The 1968 jury shortlisted, in order, William James by Gay Wilson Allen, Woodrow Wilson: The Academic Years by Henry Bragdon, "Old Bruin": Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, 1794-1858 by Matthew C. Perry and William Henry Seward by Glyndon G. Van Deusen.[19]
  25. [y]
    The 1969 jury was split with two jurors favoring eventual winner The Man from New York: John Quinn and His Friends by Benjamin Lawrence Reid, while the remaining juror favored Harvard Graduates Vol. 14, the Classes of 1756–1760 by Clifford K. Shipton.[19]
  26. [z]
    The 1971 jury shortlisted, in order, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, 1940-1945 by James MacGregor Burns and George Washington and the New Nation, 1783-1793 by James Thomas Flexner.[21]
  27. [aa]
    The 1976 jury shortlisted Mary Cassatt by Nancy Hale, Lamy of Santa Fe by Paul Horgan (which won the Pulitzer Prize for History), Steinbeck: A Life in Letters edited by Elaine Anderson Steinbeck and Robert Wallsten, and All the Strange Hours: The Excavation of a Life by Loren Eiseley.[23]
  28. [ab]
    The 1979 jury shortlisted, in order, Dorothea Lange by Milton Meltzer, Bloody Mary: The Life of Mary Tudor by Carolly Erickson, Cervantes: A Biography by William Byron, The Last Romantic: A Life of Max Eastman by William L. O'Neill and Samuel Beckett: A Biography by Deirdre Bair.[24]

See also

References

External links

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