Quiriquina Formation

Quiriquina Formation
Quiriquina Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Maastrichtian
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Arauco Group
Underlies	Lebu Group
Overlies	Granitic rocks
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Other	Conglomerate
Location
Coordinates	33°30′S 71°42′W / 33.5°S 71.7°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	35°36′S 59°12′W / 35.6°S 59.2°W
Region	Bío Bío, Concepción & Valparaíso Regions
Country	Chile
Extent	Arauco Basin
Type section
Named for	Quiriquina Island
Named by	Biró-Bagóczky
Year defined	1982
	Quiriquina Formation (Chile)

TypeGeological formation

Unit ofArauco Group

UnderliesLebu Group

OverliesGranitic rocks

The Quiriquina Formation is a geological formation in Chile whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.^[1] The glauconitic sandstones and conglomerates of the formation were deposited in a marine environment.^[2]

[1]

[2]

Birds reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Neogaeornis^[3]^[4]	N. wetzeli	Bahía San Vicente	Two tarsometatarsi	A diving bird, possibly a vegaviid

Mosasaurs reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
cf. Halisaurinae indet.^[5]	Indeterminate	Loanco	Isolated tooth (SGO.PV.6629)	A halisaurine, another specimen formerly given the same classification has been reclassified as Halisaurus sp.
Halisaurus^[5]^[6]^[7]	H. sp.	Cocholgüe	Jaw elements (CPOC/Q/3105)	Specimen formerly classified as cf. Plotosaurus sp. and cf. Halisaurinae indet.
Mosasauridae indet.^[5]^[8]	Indeterminate	Quiriquina Island	Dorsal vertebra (CPMC 18)	A mosasaur, specimen is too fragmentary and eroded for more precise identification
Mosasauridae indet.^[5]^[8]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	Isolated tooth (SGO.PV.6570) Three isolated tooth crowns (SGO.PV.6571)	Material resembles the teeth of a specimen now referred to Halisaurus sp. (CPOC/Q/3105)
Plotosaurus^[6]^[7]	cf. P. sp.	Cocholgüe	Jaw elements (CPOC/Q/3105)	Specimen reassigned to Halisaurus sp.
Tylosaurinae indet.^[5]	Indeterminate	Cocholgüe Loanco	Two teeth (MPC 11000 & MPC 11001)	A tylosaurine

Plesiosaurs reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Aristonectes^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]	A. quiriquinensis	Cocholgüe Las Tablas Bay	Partial skeleton (SGO.PV.957) Postcranial skeleton of a juvenile (SGO.PV.260) Complete femur (SGO.PV.135) Partial humerus (SGO.PV.169) Caudal vertebrae (SGO.PV.94)	An aristonectine, some specimens of this species were formerly reported as Aristonectinae indet. or Mauisaurus sp.
Aristonectinae indet.^[9]^[10]	Indeterminate	Las Tablas Bay	Postcranial skeleton of a juvenile (SGO.PV.260)	Specimen reassigned to Aristonectes quiriquinensis
Cimoliasaurus^[4]^[13]^[14]	C. andium		Vertebrae and limb elements	An elasmosaurid, species now deemed a nomen dubium
Elasmosauridae indet.^[8]^[14]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	21 articulated vertebrae (SGO.PV.90) 17 teeth (SGO.PV.6572)	An elasmosaurid
Elasmosauridae indet.^[8]^[14]	Indeterminate	Mariscadero	Postcranial skeleton (SGO.PV.6506)	May represent the same species as material referred to the dubious "Cimoliasaurus" andium
Mauisaurus^[12]^[15]	M. sp.	Las Tablas Bay	Complete femur (SGO.PV.135) Partial humerus (SGO.PV.169)	Specimens reassigned to Aristonectes quiriquinensis
Plesiosauria indet.^[8]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	Partial left propodial (SGO.PV.6638)	May represent a young individual
Pliosaurus^[4]^[13]	P. chilensis		Vertebrae and limb elements (now lost)	Species now deemed a nomen dubium, material actually represents an elasmosaurid and not a pliosaur
Wunyelfia^[16]	W. maulensis	Pelluhue	Partial skeleton (SGO.PV.6507)	An aristonectine

Turtles reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Australobaena^[17]^[18]	A. chilensis	Quiriquina	Skull (SFMF R 4151)	A baenid
Chelonioidea indet.^[8]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	Partial left humerus (MPC.11001)	A sea turtle
cf. Dermochelyidae indet.^[8]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	Associated ilium, scapula and pubis (SGO.PV.6573)	A possible dermochelyid, though the feature used to diagnose it as such may also be present in some protostegids
Euclastes^[19]	E. sp.	Cocholgüe	Skull (SGO.PV.6504)	A pancheloniid
Testudines indet.^[8]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	Neural plate (MPC.11003) Peripheral plate (MPC.11002)	A turtle, specimens cannot be identified more precisely

Bony fish reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Belonostomus^[4]^[20]	B. longirostris	Algarrobo	Two rostrum fragments (SGO-PV 788 & SGO PV 790) Predentary (SGO-PV-789)	An aspidorhynchid
Enchodus^[21]	E. sp.	Algarrobo	Abdominal centrum (SGO.PV.6825) Dermopalatine with attached fang (SGO.PV.6820a) Broken dermopalatine with attached broken fang (SGO.PV.6820b) Incomplete right articular (SGO.PV.6824) Two isolated fangs (SGO.PV.6519)	An aulopiform
Pachycormidae indet.^[21]	Indeterminate	Algarrobo	Six teeth (SGO.PV.6620)	Specimens resemble the teeth of Protosphyraena but are much smaller
Pachyrhizodus^[21]	P. sp.	Algarrobo	Three isolated teeth (SGO.PV.6571)	A crossognathiform

Quiriquina Formation

Reptiles

Birds

Mosasaurs

Plesiosaurs

Turtles

Fish

Bony fish

Cartilaginous fish

Crustaceans

Molluscs

Bivalves

Cephalopods

Gastropods

See also

References

Further reading

Related Articles

Related Articles

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Cartilaginous fish reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Biropristis^[22]	B. landbecki	Algarrobo	Oral teeth	A sawskate
Callorhynchus^[4]	C. sp.		Dental plates	A ratfish
Carcharias^[4]	C. sp.		Teeth	A sand shark
Centrophoroides^[4]	C. sp.		Teeth	A dogfish shark
Chimaera^[4]	C. sp.		Dental plates	A ratfish
Dasyatidae gen. et. sp. nov.^[4]	New species		Teeth	An unnamed species of stingray
Edaphodon^[4]	E. sp.		Dental plates	A ratfish
Ischyrhiza^[4]^[22]	I. chilensis	Algarrobo	Rostral teeth	A sawskate
Orectolobiformes gen. et. sp. nov.^[4]	New species		Teeth	An unnamed species of carpet shark
Paraorthacodus^[4]	P. sp.		Teeth	A paraorthacodontid
Squatina^[4]	S. sp.		Teeth	An angelshark

Cephalopods reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Anagaudryceras^[25]	A. politissimum	Las Tablas Colchogüe Tomé	Five specimens	A gaudryceratid ammonite
Anagaudryceras^[25]	A. subtilineatum	Colchogüe Tomé Lirquén	Three juvenile specimens	A gaudryceratid ammonite
Baculites^[25]	B. anceps	Colchogüe Las Tablas Lirquén San Vicente Santa Sabina Tomé	40 specimens	A baculitid ammonite
Baculites^[25]	B. huenickeni	Colchogüe Las Tablas San Vicente Santa Sabina	32 specimens	A baculitid ammonite
Diplomoceras^[24]^[25]	D. cylindraceum	Colchogüe Las Tablas Loanco San Vicente	Seven specimens	A diplomoceratid ammonite
Gaudryceras^[25]	G. kayei	Colchogüe San Vicente Las Tablas Lirquén Tomé	Six specimens	A gaudryceratid ammonite
Eubaculites^[24]^[25]	E. carinatus	Colchogüe Las Tablas Laguna Lo Méndez Lirquén Loanco	56 specimens	A baculitid ammonite
Grossouvrites^[24]^[25]	G. gemmatus	Las Tablas Loanco San Vicente	Nine specimens	A kossmaticeratid ammonite
Grossouvrites^[24]^[25]	G. joharae	Colchogüe Las Tablas Loanco	Six specimens	A kossmaticeratid ammonite
Gunnarites^[25]	G. cf. bhavaniformis	San Vicente	Two fragments	A kossmaticeratid ammonite
Hoploscaphites^[25]	H. constrictus quiriquiniensis	Colchogüe Dichato	51 specimens	A scaphitid ammonite
Hypophylloceras^[25]	H. (Neophylloceras) hetonaiense	Las Tablas Colchogüe Tomé Lirquén	20 specimens	A phylloceratid ammonite
	H. (Neophylloceras) inflatum	Las Tablas Tomé	Seven specimens	A phylloceratid ammonite
	H. (Neophylloceras) ramosum	Las Tablas Los Viejos Colchogüe Tomé	17 specimens	A phylloceratid ammonite
	H. (Neophylloceras) surya	Las Tablas Colchogüe	Three specimens	A phylloceratid ammonite
Kitchinites^[25]	K. darwini	Colchogüe Las Tablas Santa Sabina	30 specimens	A desmoceratid ammonite
	K. ifrimae	Colchogüe	Four specimens	A desmoceratid ammonite
	K. vicentensis	San Vicente	Four specimens	A desmoceratid ammonite
Kossmaticeras^[25]	K. (Natalites) erbeni	Colchogüe Las Tablas San Vicente Tomé	Nine specimens	A kossmaticeratid ammonite
Maorites^[25]	M. densicostatus	Colchogüe Las Tablas	Six specimens	A kossmaticeratid ammonite
Menuites^[25]^[26]	M. gerardoi	San Vicente	Seven specimens	A pachydiscid ammonite
Menuites^[25]^[26]	M. fresvillensis	Las Tablas San Vicente	Eight specimens	A pachydiscid ammonite
Naefia^[27]	N. neogaeia	Quiriquina Island	Shell	A groenlandibelid
Pachydiscus^[25]	P. (Pachydiscus) gutierrezi	Colchogüe Las Tablas Lirquén Puente Perales	14 specimens	A pachydiscid ammonite
Pachydiscus^[25]	P. (Pachydiscus) jacquoti chilensis	Colchogüe Las Tablas	Three specimens	A pachydiscid ammonite
Phyllopachyceras^[25]	P. forbesianum	Las Tablas	One specimen	A phylloceratid ammonite
Phylloptychoceras^[25]	P. sp.	Tomé	Five fragments	A diplomoceratid ammonite
Pseudophyllites^[24]^[25]	P. indra	Colchogüe Las Tablas Loanco	Five specimen	A tetragonitid ammonite
Trachybaculites^[25]	T. vicentei	San Vicente	One specimen	A baculitid ammonite
Zelandites^[25]	Z. varuna	Colchogüe Las Tablas Los Viejos Lirquén Tomé	11 specimens	A gaudryceratid ammonite

Gastropods reported from the Quiriquina Formation
Genus	Species	Presence	Material	Notes	Images
Anisomyon^[28]	A. patelliformis			A siphonariid
Austrosphaera^[28]	A. difficilis			A buccinoid
Avellana^[28]	A. (Eriptycha) chilensis			A ringiculid
Brunonia^[28]	B. sp.			A carinariid
Calyptraea^[28]	C. (Trochita) laevis			A calyptraeid
Concepcionella^[28]	C. bonillana
Crenilabium^[28]	C. (Nonacteonina) chilensis			An acteonid
Crenilabium^[28]	C. (Eacteon) valdovinosensis	Quiriquina Island		An acteonid
Gyrodes^[28]	G. (Dockeryella) euryomphalus			A naticid
Petropoma^[28]	P. biroensis	Quiriquina Island		A colloniid
Polinices^[28]	P. (Polinella) ganae			A naticid
Pyrifusus^[28]	P. (Deussenia) gigantea	Quiriquina Island		A pholidotomid
Pyropsis^[28]	P. (Chilenopsis) quinzioensis	Quiriquina Island		A pyropsid
Tegula^[28]	T. ovallei		Numerous specimens, very common	A tegulid
Tephlon^[28]	T. tummidus			A pugnellid
Trochifusus^[28]	T. hombroniana			A pyropsid