Raphael (crater)

Raphael
	MESSENGER approximate color image
Feature type	Impact crater
Location	Beethoven quadrangle, Mercury
Coordinates	20°25′S 76°21′W / 20.42°S 76.35°W
Diameter	342 km (213 mi)
Eponym	Raphael

Feature typeImpact crater

LocationBeethoven quadrangle, Mercury

Coordinates20°25′S 76°21′W / 20.42°S 76.35°W

Diameter342 km (213 mi)

Raphael is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976, and is named for the Italian painter Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino).^[1] It is Tolstojan in age.^[2] The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.^[3]

Unlike other Mercurian craters of similar size, Raphael is not multi-ringed.^[4]

The crater Flaiano lies just south of the center of Raphael.

There is also a high-albedo area east of Flaiano, that is associated with irregular depressions. The area was named Madu Facula by the IAU in 2023.^[5] The depressions are similar to those within Navoi, Lermontov, Scarlatti, and Praxiteles. The depressions resemble those associated with volcanic explosions.^[6]

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v t e Raphael
List of paintings
Early works	Baronci Altarpiece (1500–1501) Saint Sebastian (1501–1502) Resurrection of Christ (1499–1502) Mond Crucifixion (1502–1503) Madonna and Child with the Book (c. 1503) Solly Madonna (c. 1500–1504) Oddi Altar (1502–1504) Conestabile Madonna (c. 1502–1504) Portrait of a Man (c. 1503–1504) Vision of a Knight (1503–1504) The Marriage of the Virgin (1504) Diotallevi Madonna (c. 1504) Portrait of Perugino ¹ (c. 1504) Colonna Altarpiece (c. 1503–1505) Saint George (c. 1503–1505) Three Graces (c. 1503–1505) Saint Michael (c. 1504–1505)
Florentine period	Christ Blessing (c. 1502–1504) Portrait of Pietro Bembo (c. 1504) Portrait of Elisabetta Gonzaga ² (c. 1504–1505) Portrait of Emilia Pia da Montefeltro ² (c. 1504–1505) Small Cowper Madonna (c. 1504–1505) Terranuova Madonna (c. 1504–1505) Madonna del Granduca (c. 1505) Saint George and the Dragon (c. 1505) Young Man with an Apple (c. 1505) Self-portrait (1504–1506) La donna gravida (1505–1506) Madonna del Cardellino (c. 1505–1506) Young Woman with Unicorn (c. 1505–1506) Madonna del Prato (1506) Madonna with Beardless Saint Joseph (c. 1506) Portrait of Agnolo Doni (c. 1506) Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro (c. 1506) Portrait of Maddalena Doni (c. 1506) Ansidei Madonna (1505–1507) Madonna of the Pinks (c. 1506–1507) Bridgewater Madonna (c. 1507–1508) The Deposition (1507) Madonna of the Baldacchino (c. 1506–1508) La belle jardinière (1507–1508) (completed by Ridolfo Ghirlandaio) Canigiani Holy Family (c. 1507–1508) Colonna Madonna (c. 1507–1508) Portrait of a Young Woman (La Muta) (c. 1507–1508) Esterhazy Madonna (c. 1508) Niccolini-Cowper Madonna (1508) Tempi Madonna (1508) Saint Catherine of Alexandria (c. 1507–1509)
Roman period	Portrait of Tommaso Inghirami (c. 1509) Garvagh Madonna (c. 1509–1510) Portrait of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese (c. 1509–1511) Portrait of a Cardinal (c. 1510–1511) Alba Madonna (c. 1511) Madonna of Loreto (c. 1511) The Prophet Isaiah (1511–1512) Madonna of Foligno (c. 1511–1512) Portrait of Pope Julius II (1511, 1512) Galatea (c. 1512) Madonna with the Fish (c. 1512–1514) Madonna della Seggiola (c. 1513–1514) Madonna of the Candelabra (c. 1513–1514) Sistine Madonna (c. 1513–1514) Madonna dell'Impannata (c. 1513–1514) Madonna della Tenda (c. 1513–1514) Portrait of a Young Man (c. 1513–1514) Sibyls (1514) Portrait of Bindo Altoviti (c. 1512–1515) Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione (c. 1514–1515) Christ Falling on the Way to Calvary (c. 1514–1516) Creation of the World (1516) Portrait of Andrea Navagero and Agostino Beazzano (1516) Portrait of Cardinal Bibbiena (c. 1516) La velata (c. 1516) Visitation (c. 1517) The Ecstasy of Saint Cecilia (c. 1514–1517) Madonna with the Blue Diadem (c. 1510–1518) Holy Family of Francis I (1518) Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan (1518) Ezekiel's Vision (c. 1518) Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola (with Giulio Romano) (c. 1518) Saint Margaret and the Dragon (c. 1518) La Fornarina (1518–1519) Small Holy Family (c. 1518–1519) (with Giulio Romano) Portrait of a Young Woman (c. 1518–1519) (with Giulio Romano) Transfiguration (1516–1520) Madonna de Bogota (c. 1517–1520) Portrait of Pope Leo X with Two Cardinals (c. 1518–1520) Madonna of the Rose (1518–1520) Self-Portrait with a Friend (1518–1520)
Raphael Rooms	The Parnassus (1509–1511) The School of Athens (1509–1511) Disputation of the Holy Sacrament (1510–1511) Cardinal and Theological Virtues (1511) The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple (1511–1512) The Mass at Bolsena (1512–1514) The Meeting of Leo the Great and Attila (1513–1514) Liberation of Saint Peter (1514) The Fire in the Borgo (c. 1514–1517) (executed by Giulio Romano)
Tapestry cartoons	Miraculous Draught of Fishes (1514–1516) Christ's Charge to Peter (1514–1516) Healing of the Lame Man (1514–1516) Death of Ananias (1514–1516) Conversion of the Proconsul (1514–1516) Sacrifice at Lystra (1514–1516) Saint Paul Preaching in Athens (1514–1516)
Drawings	Lucretia (1500s) Adoration of the Shepherds (c. 1508)
Sculptures	Jonah (1520) (executed by Lorenzetto) Elijah (c. 1520–1524) (executed by Lorenzetto and Raffaello da Montelupo)
Buildings	Chigi Chapel (1507–1520) (continued by other architects) Palazzo Jacopo da Brescia (1515–1519) Palazzo Branconio dell'Aquila (c. 1520) Sant'Eligio degli Orefici (1509–1575) (completed by Baldassare Peruzzi and Bastiano da Sangallo) Villa Madama (1518–1525) (completed by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger and other disciples) Villa Farnesina (decoration)
Related	Giovanni Santi (father) Imperia Cognati (mistress and model) Margarita Luti (mistress and model) Giulio Romano (disciple and collaborator) Raphael and La Fornarina (1813 painting) Raphael (1894 opera) La Fornarina (1944 film) Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module SS Raffaello Raphael (crater) Vatican loggias
¹ Also attributed to Lorenzo di Credi ² Attributed

MESSENGER approximate color image
Feature type	Impact crater
Location	Beethoven quadrangle, Mercury
Coordinates	20°25′S 76°21′W / 20.42°S 76.35°W / -20.42; -76.35
Diameter	342 km (213 mi)
Eponym	Raphael

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