Richard Glennon

American medicinal chemist (born 1945) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Richard A. Glennon is an American medicinal chemist who studies psychedelics, stimulants, entactogens, and other psychoactive drugs.^[1]^[2]^[3] He has been an important pioneer of the use of animal drug discrimination tests in scientific research for studying psychoactive drugs like hallucinogens.^[4]^[2]^[3] Glennon has also done a large amount of work on the structure–activity relationships of psychedelics.^[5] In addition, he played an important role in the discovery that the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics are mediated by activation of serotonin 5-HT₂ receptors.^[4]^[2]^[6]^[7] He is one of the most widely cited scientists in his field.^[8] Glennon was the editor-in-chief of the journal Medicinal Chemistry Research from 1992 to 2002.^[9] He retired in 2022 but has continued to publish reviews and research since then.^[9]

BornJuly 1945 (age 80)

AlmamaterNortheastern University (B.S., M.S.); University at Buffalo (Ph.D., postdoc)

OccupationsMedicinal chemist; Professor

Yearsactive1973–present

Quick facts Born, Alma mater ...

Richard Glennon
Born	July 1945 (age 80)
Alma mater	Northeastern University (B.S., M.S.); University at Buffalo (Ph.D., postdoc)
Occupations	Medicinal chemist; Professor
Years active	1973–present
Employer	Virginia Commonwealth University
Website	https://pharmacy.vcu.edu/directory/glennon-richard.html

Selected publications

Glennon RA, Rosecrans JA (1981). "Speculations on the mechanism of action of hallucinogenic indolealkylamines". Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 5 (2): 197–207. doi:10.1016/0149-7634(81)90002-6. PMID 7022271.
Glennon RA, Rosecrans JA (1982). "Indolealkylamine and phenalkylamine hallucinogens: a brief overview". Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 6 (4): 489–97. doi:10.1016/0149-7634(82)90030-6. PMID 6757811.
Glennon RA, Rosecrans JA, Young R (1983). "Drug-induced discrimination: a description of the paradigm and a review of its specific application to the study of hallucinogenic agents". Med Res Rev. 3 (3): 289–340. doi:10.1002/med.2610030305. PMID 6350763.
Glennon RA, Young R (January 1984). "MDA: a psychoactive agent with dual stimulus effects". Life Sci. 34 (4): 379–383. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90627-1. PMID 6694526.
Nichols DE, Glennon RA (1984). "Medicinal Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationships of Hallucinogens". In Jacobs BL (ed.). Hallucinogens: Neurochemical, Behavioral, and Clinical Perspectives. New York: Raven Press. pp. 95–142. ISBN 978-0-89004-990-7. OCLC 10324237.
Glennon RA, Titeler M, McKenney JD (December 1984). "Evidence for 5-HT2 involvement in the mechanism of action of hallucinogenic agents". Life Sci. 35 (25): 2505–2511. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90436-3. PMID 6513725.
Glennon RA (January 1987). "Central serotonin receptors as targets for drug research". J Med Chem. 30 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1021/jm00384a001. PMID 3543362.
Titeler M, Lyon RA, Glennon RA (1988). "Radioligand binding evidence implicates the brain 5-HT2 receptor as a site of action for LSD and phenylisopropylamine hallucinogens". Psychopharmacology (Berl). 94 (2): 213–216. doi:10.1007/BF00176847. PMID 3127847.
Glennon RA (1990). "Serotonin receptors: clinical implications". Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 14 (1): 35–47. doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80158-7. PMID 2183098.
Glennon RA (1991). "Discriminative stimulus properties of hallucinogens and related designer drugs" (PDF). NIDA Res Monogr (116): 25–44. PMID 1369672. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 5, 2023.
Glennon RA, Teitler M, Sanders-Bush E (1992). "Hallucinogens and serotonergic mechanisms" (PDF). NIDA Res Monogr. 119: 131–135. PMID 1435968. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 5, 2023.
Glennon RA (1994). "Classical hallucinogens: an introductory overview" (PDF). In Lin GC, Glennon RA (eds.). Hallucinogens: An Update. NIDA Research Monograph Series. Vol. 146. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-07-25.
Glennon RA (October 1999). "Arylalkylamine drugs of abuse: an overview of drug discrimination studies". Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 64 (2): 251–256. doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(99)00045-3. PMID 10515299.
Glennon, R.A.; Young, R. (2011). Drug Discrimination: Applications to Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Studies. Wiley. doi:10.1002/9781118023150. ISBN 978-0-470-43352-2. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
Glennon RA, Dukat M (2017). "Synthetic Cathinones: A Brief Overview of Overviews with Applications to the Forensic Sciences". Ann Forensic Res Anal. 4 (2). PMC 6168209. PMID 30288398.
Glennon RA, Dukat M (2017). "Structure-Activity Relationships of Synthetic Cathinones". Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences. Vol. 32. pp. 19–47. doi:10.1007/7854_2016_41. ISBN 978-3-319-52442-9. PMC 5818155. PMID 27830576.
Glennon RA (April 2017). "The 2014 Philip S. Portoghese Medicinal Chemistry Lectureship: The "Phenylalkylaminome" with a Focus on Selected Drugs of Abuse". J Med Chem. 60 (7): 2605–2628. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00085. PMC 5824997. PMID 28244748.
Glennon RA, Dukat MG (December 2023). "α-Ethyltryptamine: A Ratiocinatory Review of a Forgotten Antidepressant". ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 6 (12): 1780–1789. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.3c00139. PMC 10714429. PMID 38093842.
Glennon RA, Dukat M (June 2024). "1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI): From an Obscure to Pivotal Member of the DOX Family of Serotonergic Psychedelic Agents - A Review". ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 7 (6): 1722–1745. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.4c00157. PMC 11184610. PMID 38898956.

References

[1]
Geyer MA (May 2024). "A Brief Historical Overview of Psychedelic Research". Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 9 (5): 464–471. doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.11.003. PMID 38000715.
[2]
Fordyce BA, Roth BL (February 2024). "Making Sense of Psychedelics in the CNS". Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 27 (2). doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyae007. PMC 10888522. PMID 38289825. In 1983, Richard Glennon and colleagues identified psychedelic-induced behaviors by mescaline and LSD that were subsequently blocked by antagonists ketanserin and pirenperone in rats (Glennon et al., 1983a). From this, serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2 receptors were suspected as primary contributors to these affects. [...] In 1983, Glennon and colleagues provided an in-depth review of the [drug discrimination (DD) paradigm, referencing numerous studies using the DD paradigm to assess both interoceptive cues and relative potencies of different psychoactive compounds (Glennon et al., 1983b).
[3]
Pellerin, C.; Seefelt, E.; Crumb, R. (1998). Trips: How Hallucinogens Work in Your Brain. Seven Stories Press. pp. 9, 81–85, 112. ISBN 978-1-888363-34-0. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
[4]
Nichols DE (February 2004). "Hallucinogens". Pharmacol Ther. 101 (2): 131–181. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.11.002. PMID 14761703. Table 1 gives a comparison of human dosages for several compounds where drug discrimination data in LSD-trained rats also have been obtained from the author's laboratory. Although there are several other hallucinogens that have been characterized using the drug discrimination paradigm, particularly by Richard Glennon and his colleagues, different training drugs have been used. [...] The earliest hypothesis that hallucinogenic drugs acted specifically at 5-HT2 receptor subtypes was proposed by Glennon et al. (1983c) based on drug discrimination studies in rats showing that the 5-HT2 antagonists ketanserin and pirenperone blocked the discriminative stimulus effects of phenethylamine and tryptamine hallucinogens, including LSD (Colpaert et al., 1982; Leysen et al., 1982; Colpaert & Janssen, 1983). Earlier studies (Browne & Ho, 1975; Winter, 1975) had also shown that the discriminative stimulus of mescaline was blocked by 5-HT antagonists that later were recognized to block 5-HT2 receptors.
[5]
Olson DE (April 2021). "The Promise of Psychedelic Science". ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 4 (2): 413–415. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.1c00071. PMC 8033768. PMID 33860170. Collectively, the SAR studies in this issue add to the large body of work by David Nichols, Richard Glennon, and others, investigating how the structures of psychedelics lead to their hallucinogenic effects.6−8
[6]
López-Giménez JF, González-Maeso J (2018). "Hallucinogens and Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptor-Mediated Signaling Pathways". Behavioral Neurobiology of Psychedelic Drugs. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences. Vol. 36. pp. 45–73. doi:10.1007/7854_2017_478. ISBN 978-3-662-55878-2. PMC 5756147. PMID 28677096. The role of the 5-HT2A receptor in the mechanism of action of hallucinogens was first proposed by Richard Glennon, Milt Titeler and their teams (Glennon et al. 1984, 1986). However, it was not until the development of 5-HT2A knockout mice in 2003 that the fundamental role of 5-HT2A receptor-dependent signaling in the cellular and behavioral effects of hallucinogens was verified conclusively (Gonzalez-Maeso et al. 2003 2007).
[7]
Jacobs, Barry L. (1987). "How Hallucinogenic Drugs Work: Hallucinogenic drugs appear to exert their effects by acting on a specific type of serotonin receptor in the brain". American Scientist. 75 (4). Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society: 386–392. ISSN 0003-0996. JSTOR 27854718. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
[8]
Komornik, Emily (31 October 2024). "New listing of the world's most-cited scientists includes 11 VCU faculty". School Of Pharmacy. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
[9]
Jones, Charles B.; Dukat, Małgorzata (3 March 2022). "Special Issue in honor of former Editor-in-Chief Prof. Richard Glennon". SpringerLink. Retrieved 5 February 2025.

Richard Glennon

Selected publications

See also

References

External links

Related Articles

Related Articles

"Synthetic Cathinones: A Brief Overview of Overviews with Applications to the Forensic Sciences"

"The 2014 Philip S. Portoghese Medicinal Chemistry Lectureship: The "Phenylalkylaminome" with a Focus on Selected Drugs of Abuse"

"α-Ethyltryptamine: A Ratiocinatory Review of a Forgotten Antidepressant"

"1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI): From an Obscure to Pivotal Member of the DOX Family of Serotonergic Psychedelic Agents - A Review"

"Making Sense of Psychedelics in the CNS"

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