Scalable Product Architecture platform
Motor vehicle platform
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Scalable Product Architecture (SPA)[4] platform is a global, full-size, unibody automobile platform developed by Volvo Cars, and applied by multiple brands of its parent company Geely, which has been produced over three generations.[5] It debuted in 2014 when the second-generation Volvo XC90 was released.[6] Work on the new in-house platform began in 2011 shortly after Volvo was acquired by Geely from Ford Motor Company. During development, particular emphasis was placed on achieving weight-reduction, design commonality, manufacturing rationalization, and hybridization opportunities.[7] The new SPA platform replaced two prior vehicle architectures, the Volvo P2 platform and Volvo P3 platform.
- P5[1]
- Volvo P5
- 2014–present (SPA)
- 2023–present (SPA2)
- 2025–present (SPA Evo)
- 2026–present (SPA3)
- Volvo:
- Sweden: Torslanda (Torslandaverken)
- China: Chengdu
- United States: Ridgeville, SC
| Scalable Product Architecture | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Also called |
|
| Production |
|
| Assembly |
|
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Mid-size car |
| Layout |
|
| Body styles |
|
| Vehicles | |
| Related | CMA platform |
| Powertrain | |
| Engines |
|
| Transmissions | |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Volvo P3 platform |
With SPA, Volvo claims it "enables significant improvements when it comes to offering protection in worst-case scenarios and when creating innovative features that support the driver in avoiding accidents."[8] Volvo has invested 90 billion SEK in the platform.
All SPA based cars will be delivered with 4 cylinder engines. The diesel and petrol engines share the same Volvo Engine Architecture, and Volvo can build 530,000 engines per year.[9]
The SPA2 platform, which is an EV-exclusive platform, debuted on the Volvo EX90 and Polestar 3 in 2023.[10]
Vehicles
| SPA platform vehicles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vehicle Name | Image | Production | Bodystyle(s) | Model Code | Notes |
| Volvo XC90 II |  |
2015–present | 5-door SUV |
|
|
| Volvo S90 |  |
2017–present | 4-door sedan/saloon |
|
|
| Volvo S90L |  |
2017–present | 4-door sedan/saloon |
|
|
| Volvo V90 |  |
2016–2025 | 5-door wagon/estate |
|
|
| Volvo V90 Cross Country |  |
2017–2025 | 5-door wagon/estate |
|
|
| Volvo XC60 II |  |
2017–present | 5-door SUV |
|
|
| Volvo S60 III |  |
2018–2024 | 4-door sedan |
|
|
| Volvo V60 II |  |
2018–present | 5-door wagon/estate |
|
|
| Volvo V60 Cross Country |  |
2018–present | 5-door wagon/estate |
|
|
| Polestar 1 |  |
2019–2021 | 2-door coupé |
|
Limited production (1,500 units) |
| Lynk & Co 09 | .jpg) |
2021–present | 5-door SUV |
|
|
| SPA2 platform vehicles | |||||
| Polestar 3 |  |
2024–present | 5-door SUV |
|
|
| Volvo EX90 |  |
2024–present | 5-door SUV |
|
|
| Volvo ES90 |  |
2025–present | 5-door Liftback |
|
|
| SPA3 platform vehicles | |||||
| Volvo EX60 |  |
2026 (to commence) | 5-door SUV | ||
| Polestar 7 | 2028 (to commence) | 5-door SUV | |||
| SPA Evo platform vehicles | |||||
| Lynk & Co 900 |  |
2025–present | 5-door SUV |
|
|