Vĩnh Long province

Vĩnh Long (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ʑiŋ˧ˀ˦˥ lɔŋ˧] ^ⓘ) is a province located in the Mekong Delta of southwestern Vietnam. Its provincial capital is Long Châu ward. Its population is 4,257,581^[2] and its area is 6,296.20 km² (2,430.98 mi²).^[1] After merging with Bến Tre and Trà Vinh provinces. The east of the province has a coastline with the South China Sea.

Country

Vietnam

Government centerLong Châu ward

TimezoneUTC+7 (ICT)

Calling code70

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Vĩnh Long
Province

Seal
Etymology: "Eternal Prosperity"
Location of Vĩnh Long within Vietnam

Coordinates: 10°10′N 106°0′E
Country	Vietnam
Region	Mekong Delta
Government center	Long Châu ward
Subdivision	35 wards, 89 communes.
Government
• Party Secretary	Trần Văn Lâu
• People's Council Chair	Nguyễn Minh Dũng
• People's Committee Chair	Trần Trí Quang
Area ^[1]
• Total	6,296.20 km² (2,430.98 sq mi)
Population (2024)^[2]
• Total	4,257,581
• Density	676.214/km² (1,751.39/sq mi)
Demographics
• Ethnicities	Vietnamese, Khmer, Hoa, Chăm
GDP^[3]
• Total	VND 47.121 trillion US$ 2.047 billion
Time zone	UTC+7 (ICT)
Calling code	70
ISO 3166 code	VN-49
HDI (2023)	0.724^[4] (21st)
Website	vinhlong.gov.vn

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Geography

Vĩnh Long is a province located in the Mekong Delta region, 23km southwest of Hồ Chí Minh City. The province has a geographical location:

To the north, it borders Đồng Tháp province.
To the southwest, it borders Cần Thơ city.
The eastern and southeastern sides have coastlines bordering the East Sea.

Administrative divisions

Administratively, Vĩnh Long province is divided into 124 commune-level administrative units, including 35 wards and 89 communes.^[5] Include:

35 wards: Long Châu (Province capital), An Hội, Ba Tri, Bến Tre, Bình Đại, Bình Minh, Cái Vồn, Càng Long, Đông Thành, Duyên Hải, Hòa Thuận, Hùng Hòa, Long Đức, Long Hồ, Mỏ Cày, Nguyệt Hóa, Phú Khương, Phú Tân, Phú Túc, Phước Hậu, Sơn Đông, Tam Bình, Tân Hạnh, Tân Hòa, Tân Ngãi, Tân Quới, Tân Thủy, Tập Ngãi, Thanh Đức, Tiên Thủy, Tiểu Cần, Trà Ôn, Trà Vinh, Trường Long Hòa, Vũng Liêm.
89 commune: An Bình, An Định, An Hiệp, An Ngãi Trung, An Phú Tân, An Qui, An Trường, Bảo Thạnh, Bình Phú, Bình Phước, Cái Ngang, Cái Nhum, Cầu Kè, Cầu Ngang, Châu Hòa, Châu Hưng, Châu Thành, Chợ Lách, Đại An, Đại Điền, Đôn Châu, Đông Hải, Đồng Khởi, Giao Long, Giồng Trôm, Hàm Giang, Hiệp Mỹ, Hiếu Phụng, Hiếu Thành, Hòa Bình, Hòa Hiệp, Hòa Minh, Hưng Khánh Trung, Hưng Mỹ, Hưng Nhượng, Hương Mỹ, Lộc Thuận, Long Hiệp, Long Hòa, Long Hữu, Long Thành, Long Vĩnh, Lục Sỹ Thành, Lương Hòa, Lương Phú, Lưu Nghiệp Anh, Mỹ Chánh Hòa, Mỹ Long, Mỹ Thuận, Ngãi Tứ, Ngũ Lạc, Nhị Long, Nhị Trường, Nhơn Phú, Nhuận Phú Tân, Phong Thạnh, Phú Phụng, Phú Quới, Phú Thuận, Phước Long, Phước Mỹ Trung, Quới An, Quới Điền, Quới Thiện, Song Lộc, Song Phú, Tam Ngãi, Tân An, Tân Hào, Tân Long Hội, Tân Lược, Tân Phú, Tân Thành Bình, Tân Xuân, Tập Sơn, Thạnh Hải, Thạnh Phong, Thạnh Phú, Thạnh Phước, Thạnh Thới, Thạnh Trị, Thới Thuận, Trà Côn, Trà Cú, Trung Hiệp, Trung Ngãi, Vinh Kim, Vĩnh Thành, Vĩnh Xuân.

History

Under Nguyễn lords

In 1731, Trấn Biên commander – Nguyễn Cửu Triêm defeated Chân Lạp rebels at Lật Giang (Bến Lức). In 1732, Phiên Trấn commander – Trần Đại Định led his Long Môn army cooperated with Chân Lạp king – Nặc Tha (Ang Chee)'s army in destroying Chân Lạp rebels at Lô Việt (La Bích). In the same year, Lord Ninh ordered to establish the third district of Gia Định prefecture: Định Viễn district, protected by Long Hồ palace.^[6]^: 141–3

In 1757, Chân Lạp king – Nặc Đôn (Ang Tong) died.^{[note 1]} The regent Nặc Nhuận paid his two prefectures: Trà Vinh and Ba Thắc as tribute to Lord Võ to get approval as the new king of Chân Lạp. After this, Nặc Nhuận's son-in-law killed him to ascend the crown. Nặc Đôn's grandson, Nặc Tôn (Ang Ton) fled to Hà Tiên seeking for military aid. Lord Võ appointed Nặc Tôn as the new king of Chân Lạp and ordered Mạc Thiên Tứ and his troops to escort Nặc Tôn back. In return, Nặc Tôn ceded the Tầm Phong Long region to Lord Võ. Lord Võ divided this region to three sub-regions: Châu Đốc, Giêng river island, and Đông Khẩu, under the administration of Long Hồ palace.^[7]^: 121^[6]^: 166–7

Under Nguyễn dynasty

In 1808, Emperor Gia Long renamed Lower Cochinchina from Gia Định trấn to Gia Định thành, its four palaces (dinh): Phiên Trấn, Trấn Biên, Trấn Định, Vĩnh Trấn (Long Hồ) were also renamed to protectorate (trấn): Phiên An, Biên Hoà, Định Tường, Vĩnh Thanh respectively. Định Viễn district was renamed to Định Viễn prefecture.^[6]^: 716 Vĩnh Thanh protectorate contained both Vĩnh Long and An Giang.^[8]^: 21

Vĩnh Long province was first established in 1832 when Emperor Minh Mạng dissolved Gia Định thành to established Six Provinces. Vĩnh Long province contained three prefectures, divided into six districts.^[9]^: 392–5 Lê Phúc Bảo was appointed the governor-general of Long – Tường (Vĩnh Long – Định Tường). Under Bảo administration were: Phạm Phúc Thiệu – Vĩnh Long provincial governor, and Tô Trân – Định Tường provincial governor.^[9]^: 402

By the 4th year under Tự Đức (1851), Vĩnh Long contained three prefectures: Định Viễn, Hoằng Trị, and Lạc Hóa, dividing to eight districts: Vĩnh Bình, Vĩnh Trị, Bảo Hựu, Bảo An, Tân Minh, Duy Minh, Tuân Mỹ, and Trà Vinh.^[10]^: 2–5

After August Revolution

On April 10, 2009, the Vietnamese Government issued Decree No. 16/ND-CP establishing Vĩnh Long City in Vĩnh Long Province, based on the entire natural area and population of Vĩnh Long Town.^[11]

On June 12, 2025, the National Assembly passed Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15 which took effect the same day, merging Bến Tre Province and Trà Vinh Province into Vĩnh Long Province.^[12]