1901 in the United States
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Events from the year 1901 in the United States.
Incumbents
Federal government
- William McKinley (R-Ohio) (until September 14)
- Theodore Roosevelt (R-New York) (starting September 14)
- vacant (until March 4)
- Theodore Roosevelt (R-New York) (March 4 â September 14)
- vacant (starting September 14)
- Chief Justice: Melville Fuller (Illinois)
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: David B. Henderson (R-Iowa)
- Congress: 56th (until March 4), 57th (starting March 4)
State governments
Events
JanuaryâMarch
- January 1 â Pentecostalism is born, at a prayer meeting at Bethel Bible College in Topeka, Kansas.
- January 3 â Census Commissioner predicts a US population of at least 300 million by 2001
- January 5 â Typhoid fever breaks out in a Seattle jail, the first of two typhoid outbreaks in the United States during the year.
- January 7 â Alfred Packer is released from prison in Colorado after serving 18 years for cannibalism.
- January 10 â In the first great Texas gusher, oil is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
- January 22 â The Grand Opera House in Cincinnati, Ohio, is destroyed in a fire.
- January 28 â Baseball's American League declares itself a Major League.
- February 4 â Puccini's Tosca makes its U.S. debut at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.[1]
- February 5
- The HayâPauncefote Treaty is signed by the United Kingdom and United States, ceding control of the Panama Canal to the United States.
- J. P. Morgan buys mines and steel mills in the United States, marking the first billion-dollar business deal.
- In Evansville, Indiana, a fire burns through the business district, causing $175,000 of damage.
- February 20 â The Hawaii Territory Legislature convenes for the first time.
- February 25 â U.S. Steel, the first billion-dollar corporation and at some time the world's largest producer of steel, is incorporated by industrialist J. P. Morgan.
- March 2
- The U.S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment, limiting the autonomy of Cuba as a condition for the withdrawal of American troops.
- The Carnegie Steel Company with the Illinois Steel Company and The National Steel Company merge to form the United States Steel Corporation.
- March 4 â President William McKinley begins his second term; Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in as Vice President.
- March 9 â The Olds Motor Co. factory in Lansing, Michigan, burns to the ground; it is reconstructed with the world's first automobile assembly line for production of the Oldsmobile Curved Dash.[2]
AprilâJune
- April 25 â New York State becomes the first to require automobile license plates.
- May â Monte Ne health resort opens in the Ozarks.
- May 3 â The Great Fire of 1901 in Jacksonville, Florida, begins.
- May 17 â The U.S. stock market crashes for the first time.
- May 27 â The Edison Storage Battery Company is founded in New Jersey.
- May 28 â Cherry v. Des Moines Leader is decided in the Iowa Supreme Court, upholding the right to publish critical reviews.
- June 11 â William D. Jelks is sworn in as the 32nd governor of Alabama following the death of William J. Samford.[3]
- June 12 â Cuba becomes a U.S. protectorate.
JulyâSeptember
- June 22âJuly 31 â The worst heat wave in U.S. history until the 1930s, affecting most areas east of the 100th meridian, is estimated to have killed over 9,500 people.
- July 1 â The Bureau of Chemistry is established within the United States Department of Agriculture.
- July 24 â Author O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio after serving 3 years for embezzlement from the First National Bank in Austin, Texas.
- August 10 â U.S. Steel recognition strike of 1901: Members of the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers begin a strike against United States Steel Corporation after failing to reach a settlement of their demands, and 14,000 employees walk off of the job.[4][5]
- September 2 â Vice President Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.
- September 5 â The National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (later renamed Minor League Baseball) is formed in Chicago.
- September 6 â American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. McKinley dies 8 days later.
- September 7 â The Boxer Protocol is signed between the Qing Empire of China and the Eight-Nation Alliance.
- September 14 â Vice President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the 26th president of the United States, upon the death of President William McKinley.
- September 26 â The body of President Abraham Lincoln is exhumed and reinterred in concrete several feet thick.
OctoberâDecember
- October 4 â The American yacht Columbia defeats the Irish Shamrock in the America's Cup yachting race in New York.
- October 16 â President Theodore Roosevelt invites African American leader Booker T. Washington to the White House. The American South reacts angrily to the visit, and racial violence increases in the region.
- October 23 â Yale University celebrates its bicentennial.
- October 24 â Michigan schoolteacher Annie Taylor goes down Niagara Falls in a barrel and survives.
- October 29
- In Amherst, New Hampshire, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine; she will confess to at least 31 killings.
- Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of William McKinley, is executed in the electric chair at Auburn state prison.
- November 1 â The Sigma Phi Epsilon college fraternity is founded in Richmond, Virginia.
- November 15 â The Alpha Sigma Alpha college fraternity is founded at Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.
- November 28 â The new state constitution of Alabama requires voters to have passed literacy tests.
- December 3 â President Theodore Roosevelt delivers a 20,000-word speech to the House of Representatives asking Congress to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits."
Undated
- The Intercollegiate Prohibition Association is established in Chicago.
- Force (cereal) first produced.
Ongoing
- Progressive Era (1890sâ1920s)
- Lochner era (c. 1897âc. 1937)
- PhilippineâAmerican War (1899â1902)
Births
- January 2
- Lew Landers, film and television director (died 1962)
- Bob Marshall, wilderness activist, founder of The Wilderness Society (died 1939)
- January 3 â Henrietta Bingham, journalist, newspaper executive, horse-breeder and anglophile (died 1968)
- January 4 â Raoul Berger, Ukrainian-born attorney and law professor (died 2000)
- January 9 â Chic Young, cartoonist (died 1973)
- January 16 â Frank Zamboni, inventor (died 1988)
- January 21 â Marcellus Boss, politician, lawyer, member of Kansas Senate and 5th Civilian Governor of Guam (died 1967)
- February 1
- Howard I. Chapelle, naval architect, museum curator and author (died 1975)
- Clark Gable, actor (died 1960)[6]
- February 8 â Virginius Dabney, teacher, journalist, writer and editor (died 1995)
- February 9 â Brian Donlevy, actor (died 1972)
- February 10
- Stella Adler, actress and teacher (died 1992)[7]
- Anthony Prusinski, politician (died 1950)
- February 22
- Mildred Davis, actress (died 1969)
- Charles Evans Whittaker, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (died 1973)
- March 21 â Carmelita Geraghty, actress (died 1966)
- March 24 â Ub Iwerks, animator, cartoonist, character designer, inventor and special effects technician (died 1971)
- March 28 â Jack Weil, entrepreneur (died 2008)
- April 18 â Al Lewis, songwriter (died 1967)
- May 8 â Turkey Stearnes, baseball player (died 1979)[8]
- May 21 â Sam Jaffe, film producer (died 2000)
- June 12 â Arnold Kirkeby, hotelier, art collector, and real estate investor (died 1962)
- July 3 â Ruth Crawford Seeger, modernist composer and folk music arranger (died 1953)
- July 9 â Jester Hairston, actor and composer (died 2000)[9]
- July 10 â Daniel V. Gallery, admiral and author (died 1977)
- July 14
- Lucien Prival, actor (died 1994)
- George Tobias, actor (died 1980)
- July 20 â Heinie Manush, baseball player (died [1971)
- July 21 â Albert Hamilton Gordon, businessman and philanthropist (died 2009)
- July 22 â Pancho Barnes, pioneer aviator (died 1975)
- July 30 â John A. Carroll, U.S. Senator from Colorado from 1957 to 1963 (died 1983)
- August 3 â John C. Stennis, U.S. Senator from Mississippi from 1947 to 1989 (died 1995)
- August 4 â Louis Armstrong, jazz trumpeter (died 1971)
- August 5 â Thomas J. Ryan, admiral (died 1970)
- August 8 â Ernest Lawrence, nuclear physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939 (died 1958)
- August 23 â John Sherman Cooper, U.S. Senator from Kentucky 1946-1949, 1952-1955 and 1956-1973 (died 1991)
- August 28 â Babe London, actress and comedian (died 1980)
- September 5 â Florence Eldridge, actress (died 1988)
- September 24 â Gerald Warner Brace, writer, educator, sailor and boat builder (died 1978)
- September 28 â Ed Sullivan, entertainment writer and television host (died 1974)
- October 20 â Adelaide Hall, jazz singer and entertainer (died 1993 in the United Kingdom)
- October 28 â Hilo Hattie, native Hawaiian singer and actress (died 1979)
- November 28 â Walter Havighurst, critic, novelist, literary and social historian (died 1994)
- December 5 â Walt Disney, animator, producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor and business magnate (died 1966)[10]
- December 7 â Troy Sanders, film score composer (died 1959)
- December 12 â Fred Barker, criminal member of the Barker-Karpis gang, son of Ma Barker (killed 1935)
- December 16 â Margaret Mead, cultural anthropologist and author (died 1978)[11]
Deaths
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- January 6 â James W. Bradbury, United States Senator from Maine from 1847 to 1853 (born 1802)
- January 16
- Murray Hall, born Mary Anderson, bail bondsman and politician (born 1841 in Scotland)
- Hiram Rhodes Revels, first African American senator (born 1827)
- January 21 â Elisha Gray, inventor and co-founder of Western Electric Manufacturing Company (born 1835)
- January 29 â Alexander H. Jones, Congressional Representative from North Carolina (born 1822)
- February 7 â Rowena Granice Steele, first female novelist in California (born 1824)
- February 18 â Anna Gardner, abolitionist (born 1816)
- March 7 â Ruth Alice Armstrong, American social activist (born 1850)
- March 13 â Benjamin Harrison, 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893 and U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1881 to 1887 (born 1833)
- March 18 â Patrick Donahoe, businessman, publisher of the Boston Catholic newspaper The Pilot (born 1811)
- April 10 â Harriet Newell Kneeland Goff, reformer (born 1828)
- April 19 â Alfred Horatio Belo, newswriter and businessman, founder of The Dallas Morning News (born 1839)
- April 26 â Harriett Ellen Grannis Arey, educator (born 1819)
- June 2 â James A. Herne, playwright and actor (born 1839)
- July 4
- John Fiske, historian and philosopher (born 1842)
- Julian Scott, artist and Civil War Medal of Honor recipient (born 1846)
- July 7 â Eva M. Reed, botanist (born ?)[12]
- July 30 â Herbert Baxter Adams, educator and historian (born 1850)
- August 4 â Harriet Pritchard Arnold, author (born 1858)
- August 24 â Clara Maass, nurse (born 1876)[13]
- September 14 â William McKinley, 25th president of the United States from 1897 to 1901 (born 1843)
- October 10 â Lorenzo Snow, 5th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (born 1814)
- October 21 â James A. Walker, Confederate general and US Congressman (born 1832)
- October 29 â Leon Czolgosz, assassin of President William McKinley (born 1873)
- November 8 â Mary Ann Bickerdyke, nurse and hospital administrator for Union soldiers (born 1817)
- November 26 â John Denny, buffalo soldier and Medal of Honor recipient (born 1846)
- November 27 â Clement Studebaker, automobile manufacturer (born 1831)
