1926 in Germany
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Events in the year 1926 in Germany.
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Incumbents
National level
- President - Paul von Hindenburg (Non-partisan)
- Chancellor - Hans Luther (German People's Party) (to 12 May), Wilhelm Marx (Centre) (from 17 May)
Events
- 1 January â the city of Cologne is badly hit by flooding in the river Rhine.
- 6 January â Deutsche Luft Hansa is formed by the merger of Deutsche Aero Lloyd and Junkers Luftverkehr
- 7 January â Deutschlandsender, a radio transmitter, is opened for the first time.
- 20 January â Chancellor Hans Luther is forced to reconstitute his cabinet as a minority government, having lost the support of some of his partners the previous December.[1]
- 8 February â The Reich government under Chancellor Hans Luther unanimously decides to formally apply for Germanyâs admission to the League of Nations.[2]
- 14 February â The Nazi Party holds the Bamberg Conference in an attempt to strengthen Adolf Hitler's control over the party.[3]
- 21 February â A major rally of the republican organization Black, Red, Gold Banner of the Reich takes place in Hamburg, with speeches by Prussian Minister-President Otto Braun and Reichstag President Paul Löbe.[2]
- 19 March â Max Wolf of the University of Heidelberg discovers the asteroid 2732 Witt.[4]
- 11 April â Hermannplatz railway station opens in Berlin.
- 24 April â Treaty of Berlin (1926) is signed with the Soviet Union promising a five-year period of non-involvement if either state is attacked by a third party.
- 12 May â The Luther government falls as a result of its support for a modified imperial flag for use at the Republic's foreign missions.[5]
- 16 May â Wilhelm Marx succeeds Luther as Chancellor although otherwise the make-up of the Cabinet is not altered.[1]
- 20 June â A referendum on expropriating former royal properties without compensation fails due to a low voter turnout.[6]
- 24 June â the liner Padua is launched. Other ships launched this year (all with date of launch unknown) include SS Amrum, SS Ilse L M Russ and SS Siegmund.
- 28 June â German company Daimler-Benz was founded.
- 3 July â The second NSDAP Party Congress is held in Weimar, featuring elaborate staging to promote Adolf Hitler.[7]
- 4 July â
- The architectural collective Der Ring is founded in Berlin, with prominent members including Walter Gropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[7]
- At the Nazi Party Day held in Weimar, Adolf Hitler proclaims the SS (Schutzstaffel) as his elite organization and entrusts them with the "Blood Flag".[3]
- 3 September â Funkturm Berlin radio tower is opened to the public.[8]
- 10 September â Germany officially joins the League of Nations.[9][10]
- 17 September â French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand and German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann reach a mutual agreement on major foreign policy goals, including early return of the Saar Basin and Rhineland evacuation.[11]
- 6 October â Hans von Seeckt resigns as Head of the Heeresleitung after a dispute over an unauthorized Reichswehr maneuver and tensions with Defence Minister GeÃler and President Hindenburg.[12]
- 1 November â
- Joseph Goebbels is appointed Nazi Gauleiter of Berlin.[1]
- Franz Pfeffer von Salomon is appointed commander of the SA (Sturmabteilung) across Germany.[3]
- 4 December â The Bauhaus is re-established in Dessau and gains state recognition as a Hochschule für Gestaltung.[13]
- 10 December â Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann and his French counterpart Aristide Briand receive the Nobel Peace Prize for their work on the Locarno Treaties.[14]
- 16 December â Philipp Scheidemann of the Social Democratic Party reveals that the Reichswehr is secretly working with the Soviet Red Army and anti-republican groups in Germany.[15]
- 17 December â The Marx administration loses a vote of confidence and, although Marx continues as Chancellor, he does so without the involvement of previous coalition partners the German Democratic Party.[1]
Date unknown
- The National Socialist German Students' League is established.
- The Old Social Democratic Party of Germany and the Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation are both established.
- Gustav Stresemann is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize along with fellow architect of the Locarno Treaties Aristide Briand.[16]
- German company Südzucker was founded.
Popular culture
Arts
- 27 March â Der Protagonist, an opera by Kurt Weill, is performed for the first time at Semperoper in Dresden.
- 6 October â Friedrich Wilhelm Murnauâs film Faust premieres at the Ufa-Palast in Berlin.[17]
- 22 October â Frank Wedekindâs play Lulu premieres at the Schauspielhaus in Berlin.[18]
- 9 November â Paul Hindemith's opera Cardillac is premiered at the Staatsoper, Dresden.
- 14 November â Der Golem, an opera by Eugen d'Albert receives its premiere at the Alte Oper in Frankfurt.
- 27 November â Ernst Krenek's opera Orpheus und Eurydike premieres at the Staatstheater in Kassel.
- The Adventures of Prince Achmed by Lotte Reiniger is released. It is the oldest surviving animated feature film.
Sport
- 11 July â The German Grand Prix makes its first appearance on the sporting calendar. The event is won by Rudolf Caracciola.
- 1. FC Nürnberg are crowned German football champions.
- SV Wehen Wiesbaden and FSV 1926 Fernwald are amongst the new association football clubs set up.
- Berliner RC, a Rugby Union club, are established.
Births
- 2 January â Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, President of France (died 2020 in France)[19]
- 3 January â W. Michael Blumenthal, German-American economist and politician
- 5 January â Walther Leisler Kiep, German politician (died 2016)
- 6 January â Walter Sedlmayr, actor (died 1990)
- 24 January â Hans-Jürgen Borchers, mathematical physicist (died 2011)
- 26 January â Kurt-Heinz Stolze, pianist (died 1970)
- 28 January â Meier Schwarz, Israeli plant physiologist (died 2022 in Israel)
- 29 January â Ernst Träger, judge (died 2015)
- 31 January:
- Johannes Joachim Degenhardt, Archbishop of Paderborn (died 2002)
- Horst Giese, actor (died 2008)
- Rudi Kopp, cross country skier (died 2022)
- Maria Emanuel, Margrave of Meissen, nobleman (died 2012)
- 2 February â Fritz Stern, German-American historian (died 2016)
- 3 February:
- Franz Islacker, footballer (died 1970)
- Hans-Jochen Vogel, politician (died 2020)
- 6 February â Elisabeth Guttenberger, Holocaust survivor and human rights activist (died 2024)
- 8 February â Sonja Ziemann, actress (died 2020)
- 11 February â Ursula Buckel, opera singer (died 2005)
- 16 February â Margot Frank, sister of Anne Frank (died 1945)
- 20 February â Adolf Bechtold, footballer (died 2012)
- 23 February â Christian Habicht, historian (died 2018)
- 11 March:
- Albrecht Dietz, German entrepreneur and scientist (died 2012)
- Heinz Kiessling, musician (died 2003)
- Peer Schmidt, actor (died 2010)
- 17 March â Siegfried Lenz, writer of novels, short stories and essays (died 2014)
- 25 March â Georg Schäfer (artist), painter and writer (died 1991)
- 26 March â Heinz Staab, German chemist (died 2012)
- 8 April:
- Jürgen Moltmann, German theologian (died 2024)
- Elisabeth Wiedemann, German actress (died 2015)
- 18 April:
- Horst Käsler, handball player (died 1987)
- Günter Meisner, actor (died 1994)
- 22 April â Harald Leipnitz, actor (died 2000)
- 26 April â Michael Mathias Prechtl, artist (died 2003)
- 8 May â David Hurst, actor (died 2019)
- 17 May â Franz Sondheimer, German-born Israeli-British chemist (died 1981)
- 19 May â Peter Zadek, film director (died 2009)
- 24 May â Rudolf Kippenhahn, astrophysicist (died 2020)
- 28 May â Gerhard Beil, politician (died 2010)
- 5 June â Johannes, 11th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, businessman (died 1990)
- 6 June â Klaus Tennstedt, conductor (died 1998)
- 14 June â Hermann Kant, writer (died 2016)
- 20 June â Hans-Dieter Lange, journalist and television presenter (died 2012)
- 21 June â Johanna Quandt, business woman (died 2015)
- 24 June â Walter Hirrlinger, German politician (died 2018)
- 22 June â Elyakim Haetzni, Israeli lawyer and politician (died 2022)
- 1 July:
- Carl Hahn, businessman (died 2023)
- Hans Werner Henze, composer (died 2012)
- 2 July â Berthold Wulf, priest (died 2012)
- 4 July â Wolfgang Seidel, racing driver (died 1987)
- 12 July â Oswald Mathias Ungers, architect (died 2007)
- 15 July â Hans Frankenthal, writer and Holocaust survivor (died 1999)
- 16 July â Stef Wertheimer, German-born Israeli entrepreneur and industrialist (died 2025)
- 24 July â Hans Günter Winkler, showjumper (died 2018)
- 25 July â August Lütke-Westhüs, equestrian (died 2000)
- 1 August â Theo Adam, opera singer (died 2019)
- 6 August â Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse (died 2013)
- 9 August â Gustav Schmidt, sprint canoer (died 2016)
- 21 August â Ben-Zion Orgad, (German-born) Israeli composer (died 2006)
- 27 August â Karl-Heinz Heddergott, football manager (died 2021)
- 30 August â Rudi Gutendorf, footballer and manager (died 2019)
- 3 September:
- Rudi Arnstadt, East German border guard (died 1962)
- Jochen Bleicken, professor of ancient history (died 2005)
- 4 September â Helmut Ringelmann, film producer (died 2011)
- 6 September â Prince Claus of the Netherlands (died 2002)
- 10 September â Gerda Munsinger, prostitute and alleged spy (died 1998)
- 17 September:
- Hermann Bausinger, cultural scientist (died 2021)
- Klaus Schütz, politician (died 2012)
- 1 October:
- Manfred Messerschmidt, historian (died 2022)
- Gerhard Stolze, opera singer (died 1979)
- 4 October â Klaus Koch, theologian (died 2019)
- 5 October â Gottfried Michael Koenig, composer (died 2021)
- 8 October â Günter Mittag, politician (died 1994)
- 14 October â Günther Schwarberg, journalist (died 2008)
- 15 October â Karl Richter, conductor (died 1981)
- 18 October â Klaus Kinski, actor (died 1991)
- 19 October â Udo Schaefer, Baháʼà author (died 2019)
- 20 October â Ursula Happe, swimmer (died 2021)
- 21 October â Leo Kirch, media entrepreneur (died 2011)
- 26 October â Bernhard Klodt, footballer (died 1996)
- 30 October â Dieter Zechlin, pianist (died 2012)
- 1 November â Günter de Bruyn, writer (died 2020)
- 11 November â Werner Schmieder, politician
- 15 November:
- Alfred Biehle, politician (died 2014)
- Manfred Müller, German bishop or Roman Catholic Church (died 2015)
- Helmut Fischer, actor (died 1997)
- 26 November:
- Peter van Pels, German-Dutch boyfriend of Anne Frank (died 1945)
- Ralf Wolter, actor (died 2022)
- 28 November â Eberhard von Brauchitsch, industrialist (died 2010)
- 9 December â Erhard Eppler, politician and businessman (died 2019)
- 10 December â Jacob Birnbaum, Jewish activist (died 2014)
- 16 December â Alfred Koerppen, musician (died 2022)
- 19 December â Hans Henn, bobsledder (died 1993)
- 20 December â Otto Graf Lambsdorff, politician (died 2019)
- 21 December â Herbert Ehrenberg, politician (died 2018)
- 23 December â Heinz Graffunder, architect (died 1994)
Deaths
- 2 February â Karl von Weizsäcker, politician (born 1853)
- 4 January â Franz Stockhausen, conductor (born 1839)
- 7 January â Paul Cassirer, art dealer (born 1871)
- 29 January â Wilhelm Heitmüller, theologian (born 1869)
- 5 February â Gustav Eberlein, sculptor and painter (born 1847)
- 6 February â Wolf Wilhelm Friedrich von Baudissin, theologian (born 1847)
- 11 February â Friedrich Wilhelm Kuhnert, painter (born 1865)
- 13 February â Friedrich Krafft Graf von Crailsheim, German politician (born 1841)
- 20 February â Georg Friedrich Knapp, economist (born 1842)
- 28 February â Gustav Otto, aircraft engineer (born 1883)
- 7 March â Paul Matschie, zoologist (born 1861)
- 24 March â Sizzo, Prince of Schwarzburg, nobleman (born 1860)
- 26 March â Constantin Fehrenbach, politician (born 1852)
- 4 April â August Thyssen, industrialist (born 1842)
- 21 May â Friedrich Kluge, lexicographer (born 1856)
- 23 May â Hans von Koessler, composer (born 1853)
- 3 June â Rudolf Oeser, politician (born 1858)
- 5 June â Richard Wolffenstein, chemist (born 1864)
- 22 July â Otto Wilhelm Madelung, surgeon (born 1846)
- 23 July â Kurt Wüsthoff, fighter pilot (born 1897)
- 5 September â Karl Harrer, journalist and politician (born 1890)
- 15 September â Rudolf Christoph Eucken, philosopher (born 1846)
- 7 October â Emil Kraepelin, psychiatrist (born 1856)
- 9 October â Josias von Heeringen, Army general (born 1850)
- 15 October â Mathilde Bauermeister, opera singer (born 1849)
- 17 October â Otto Heubner, internist and pediatrician (born 1843)
- 26 November â Fritz Cassirer, conductor (born 1871)
- 2 December â Karl Joseph Eberth, pathologist (born 1835)
- 11 December â Carl Magnus von Hell, chemist (born 1849)