1890 in Germany
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Events in the year 1890 in Germany.
Incumbents
National level
- Emperor â Wilhelm II [1]
- Chancellor â Otto von Bismarck to March 20, then Leo von Caprivi
State level
Kingdoms
- King of Bavaria â Otto
- King of Prussia â Wilhelm II
- King of Saxony â Albert
- King of Württemberg â Charles
Grand Duchies
Principalities
- Schaumburg-Lippe â Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt â George Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt to 12 March, then Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen â Karl Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Principality of Lippe â Woldemar, Prince of Lippe
- Reuss Elder Line â Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz
- Reuss Younger Line â Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
- Waldeck and Pyrmont â George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Duchies
Colonial Governors
- Cameroon (Kamerun) â Eugen von Zimmerer (acting governor) (2nd term) to (17 April), then Markus Graf Pfeil, to 3 August, then ... Kurz (acting governor) to December 2, then Jesko von Puttkamer (acting governor) (2nd term)
- German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) â Hermann Wissmann (commissioner) (1st term)
- German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) â Fritz Rose (acting commissioner to 30 September, then commissioner)
- German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) â Heinrich Ernst Göring (acting commissioner) to August, then Louis Nels (acting commissioner)
- Togoland â Eugen von Zimmerer (commissioner)
- Wituland (Deutsch-Witu) â Gustav Denhardt (resident) to 1 July
Events
- 5 February â German company Allianz is founded in Berlin.[2]
- 20 February â German federal election, 1890.[3][4]
- 18 March Otto von Bismarck resigned.[5] From 1862 to 1890, he held office as the minister president and foreign minister of Prussia
- 20 March - Leo von Caprivi shift begins
- 20 March â Bismarck cabinet ends.
- 30 April - Founding of the German Naval League
- May - Introduction of the Old Age and Disability Insurance Law
- 31 May â The Ulm Minster is completed as the world's tallest cathedral.
- 1 July â HeligolandâZanzibar Treaty. Germany receives Heligoland and the Caprivi Strip from the United Kingdom and a free hand to control and acquire the coast of Dar es Salaam. In return, Germany renounces its protectorate over Wituland (part of modern-day Kenya) and pledges not to interfere in the actions of the UK vis-Ã -vis the Sultanate of Zanzibar. The U.K. cedes sovereignty of the Heligoland archipelago to Germany.
- 16 July - German company Mannesmann is founded in Düsseldorf.
- August â Kaiser Wilhelm and Tsar Alexander III of Russia meet at Narva after the Reinsurance Treaty expired. Kaiser Wilhelm decided to rejected the renewal offer from Russian Empire.[6]
- 1 October, Anti-Socialist Laws were expired because the Reichstag refused to renew it. Leading to the official formation of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.[7]
Date unknown
- German physician and physiologist Emil von Behring publishes an article with Kitasato Shibasaburo reporting that they have developed "antitoxins" against both diphtheria and tetanus in Berlin.
- Founding of the literary magazine Neue Rundschau - the magazine was founded in 1890 (initially as Freie Bühne für modernes Leben) by Otto Brahm and S. Fischer Verlag in Berlin.[8]
Births
- 9 January â Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist, satirist and writer (died 1935)
- 30 January â Albert Zürner, German diver (died 1920)
- 6 February â Karl Schelenz, German sport teacher (died 1956)
- 20 February â Georg Thomas, German general (died 1946)
- 5 March â Wilhelm Boden, German politician (died 1961)
- 22 March â Ewald von Kleist-Schmenzin, German politician (died 1945)
- 22 April â Erwin Jaenecke, German general (died 1960)
- 10 May â Alfred Jodl, German general (died 1946)
- 15 June â Wilhelm Leuschner, German politician (died 1944)
- 25 June â Hans Marchwitza, German writer and poet (died 1965)
- 4 July â Otto Feick, German gymnast (died 1959)
- 8 July â Walter Hasenclever, German poet and playwright (died 1940)
- 29 July â Elisabeth von Thadden, German educator and resistance fighter (died 1944)
- 30 July â Ludwig Schwamb, German politician (died 1945)
- 3 August â Eduard Zuckmayer, German writer and playwright (died 1972)
- 4 August â Erich Weinert, German author (died 1953)
- 14 August â Bruno Tesch, German chemist and Nazi war criminal (died 1946)
- 18 August â Walther Funk, German banker and economist (died 1960)
- 19 August â Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern, German-born Queen consort of Portugal in exile (d. 1966)
- 22 August â Hans-Joachim Buddecke, German World War I fighter pilot and ace (died 1918)
- 16 September â Traugott Herr, German general (died 1976)
- 21 September â Max Immelmann, German World War I fighter ace (died 1916)
- 23 September â Friedrich Paulus, German field marshal (died 1957)
- 8 October â Henrich Focke, German aviation pioneer (d. 1979)
- 10 October â Emil Schäpe, German fighter pilot (died 1925)
- 29 October â Hans-Valentin Hube, German army general (d. 1944)
- 8 November â Conrad Weygand, German chemist (died 1945)
- 2 December â C. Paul Jennewein, German-American sculptor (died 1978)
- 6 December:
- Hans Bethge, German pilot (died 1918)
- Carl Jules Weyl, German-American art director and Reichswehr soldier (died 1948)
- 17 December â Prince Joachim of Prussia, German nobleman (died 1920)
Deaths
- 7 January - Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, German queen (born 1811)
- 20 January â Franz Lachner, German composer and conductor (born 1803)
- 27 January â Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal, German psychiatrist (born 1833)
- 18 March â Johann Georg Halske, German businessman (born 1814)
- 19 March â George Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, German nobleman (born 1838)
- 27 March â Carl Jacob Löwig, German chemist (born 1803)
- 30 April â Hermann von Dechend, German politician who served as the first President of the Reichsbank (born 1814)
- 26 May â Adelbert Delbrück, German banker and businessman (born 1822)
- 27 August - Emil Otto Grundmann, German painter (born 1844)
- 3 September - Johann von Lutz, German politician (born 1826)
- 15 September â Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Krauss, German scientist (born 1812)
- 19 September â Friedrich Gaedcke, German chemist (born 1828)
- 23 September - Lorenz von Stein, German economist and sociologist (born 1815)
- 4 November - Helene Demuth, German housekeeper (born 1820)
- 3 December â Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen, German politician (born 1803)
- 26 December - Heinrich Schliemann, German businessman and a pioneer in the field of archaeology (born 1822)