February 1982

Month of 1982 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following events occurred in February 1982:

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February 1, 1982 (Monday)

February 2, 1982 (Tuesday)

Images of the destruction of Hama
  • The Hama massacre began in Syria as the Syrian army worked on suppressing a rebellion by the Muslim Brotherhood in the Syrian city. The government of President Hafez Assad was dominated by Alawite Muslims while the brotherhood was largely composed of Sunni Muslims. On the first day of the massacre, the members of a government security force were killed while trying to raid a Brotherhood hangout. Within three weeks, Hama, Syria's fifth larrgest city, was in ruins.[7]
  • Belgium's Senate joined the January 18 vote by Chamber of Deputies to grant Prime Minister Wilfried Martens power to enact economic reforms by decree for the remainder of the year.
  • A Cuban hijacker took control of Air Florida Flight 710, a Boeing 737 jetliner with 77 people on board, shortly after the Boeing 737 took off from Miami to Key West. After the jet landed in Havana, the passengers and rew were returned to Miami later in the day.[8][9]
  • In the U.S., the Jet Propulsion Laboratory announced that a new analysis had discovered at least four more small moons orbiting Saturn, bringing the number of known Saturnian satellites to 21.[10]
  • Born:Filippo Magnini, Italian competitive swimmer and world champion in the 100m freestyle event in 2005 and 2007; in Pesaro

February 3, 1982 (Wednesday)

February 4, 1982 (Thursday)

February 5, 1982 (Friday)

The Tacit Blue stealth plane

February 6, 1982 (Saturday)

  • American spree killer Robert Dale Henderson, who had murdered 12 people in a three week period from January 14 to February 4, approached a deputy sheriff at the Aqui Esta Shopping Center at Punta Gorda, Florida and voluntarily surrendered to Charlotte County deputy sheriff Curtis Moore.[38][39] Gordon would be executed in the electric chair at the Florida State Prison on April 21, 1993.[40]
  • In the Philippines, the populist political party Partido Demokratiko Pilipino (Philippine Democratic Party') was founded in Cebu City by Aquilino "Nene" Pimentel and other people in opposition to both the government of President Ferdinand Marcos and Marcos' ruling party, the KBL Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL).[41] In 1983, PDB would merge with the Laban to form the party PDP-Laban of Benigno Aquino, which took a majority of seats in the Philippine House of Representatives and the Philippine Senate in elections in 1987.
  • U.S. President Reagan announced the federal budget of $757.6 billion for Fiscal Year 1983 (to run from October 1, 1982 to September 30, 1983), and a 91.5 billion dollar increase in the deficit to take effect in his "New Federalism" policy of transferring payment for social welfare programs to the individual U.S. states.
  • Challenger Amado Ursua of Mexico defeated WBC junior flyweight boxing champion Hilario Zapata by a knockout in the second round in a bout in Panama City to win the World Boxing Council world championship. Ursua would only hold the title for two months and one week, losing to Tadashi Tomori of Japan on April 13, 1982.[42]

February 7, 1982 (Sunday)

February 8, 1982 (Monday)

February 9, 1982 (Tuesday)

Japan Airlines jet in Tokyo Bay
  • The crash of Japan Airlines Flight 350 into Tokyo Bay killed 24 of the 174 people on board, after a sudden thrust reversal while making its approach to Tokyo International Airport.[57] Investigators later reported that the cockpit voice recorder indicated that the pilot, Seiji Katagiri, had deliberately put the engine into reverse and that the flight engineer, Yoshimi Ozaki, fought with Katagiri while co-pilot Yoshifumi Ishikawa had unsuccessfully tried to bring the plane out of a nose-dive. All three of the flight crew survived.[58]
  • Chan Sy took office as the new Prime Minister of Cambodia by the Vietnamese supported government, formally replacing premier Pen Sovan who had been deposed on December 5.[59]
  • Kai Mierendorff, the former leader of a West German organization that had helped more than 1,000 paying customers to escape from East Germany, was injured by a letter bomb sent to his hotel in Munich.

February 10, 1982 (Wednesday)

  • A consortium of French banks, with the approval of the government of France, announced its loan of $140 million to the Soviet Union to finance purchase of French equipment for building a natural gas pipeline that would bring natural from Siberia to Western Europe.[60]
  • Born: Justin Gatlin, American sprinter and 2004 Olympic gold medalist for the 100-meter race; in Brooklyn[61]
  • Died: Margrit Rainer, 68, Swiss comedienne and actress on stage and in film, died from complications of surgery.[62][63][64]

February 11, 1982 (Thursday)

  • The government of France nationalized five major industrial groups and 39 private banks as Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy signed the "industrial nationalization bill" into law, with the government to pay seven billion dollars as compensation to the acquired companies.[65]
  • Czechoslovak police arrested Ladislav Hojer, a Czech serial killer and cannibal charged with the killing of at least five women between 1978 and 1981. Hojer would be hanged in Pankrac Prison in 1986.[66]
  • Italy's Parliament approved a $12,000,000 project to prevent the leaning Tower of Pisa from toppling, including the installation of an electric pump to maintain the water pressure in underground pools beneath the monument. The Tower would be closed to the public while the project was being completed.
  • Corsican nationalists led by Charles Pieri of the terrorist National Liberation Front of Corsica (FLNC) attacked a French Foreign Legion outpost in the town of Sorbo-Ocagnano, killing an Italian legionnaire and ending the temporary truce between the FLNC and the French government.[67]
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February 12, 1982 (Friday)

  • The Communist government of Poland began a two-day operation to test compliance with the rules implemented in December during martial law, and arrested 145,000 people across the nation. In announcing the results, Poland's government news agency, PAP, reported that 99,000 were let off with a warning, 29,000 more were cautioned, and 3,500 taken to their local police station for further questioning.[74][75]
  • In the Philippines, the Ilaga terrorist group killed 12 people in the city of Dumingag in Zamboanga del Sur province, in reprisal for the killing of their leader by the Communist New People's Army.[76]
  • A major strike took place in Portugal and police arrested a group of men in a car loaded with explosives and assault weapons, along with pamphlets callinf gor the overthrow of the government. Interior Minister Angelo Correia appeared on television the next day to accuse unions of attempting to overthrow the government of Prime Minister Franciso Pinto Balsemao.[77]
  • Died: Victor Jory, 79, Canadian-born American stage, film and TV actor[78]

February 13, 1982 (Saturday)

  • A group of 55 men and 19 women was executed by Guatemalan government sponsored Civil Patrol members, who had confiscated their government identity cards and then directed them to the city of Xococ to recover the documents. The victims, mostly Mayan people, were among 440 men, women and children killed in Rio Negro from 1980 to 1982.[79]
  • Pope John Paul II made his first trip outside of Italy since having been wounded in an assassination attempt, beginning an 8-day tour of West African nations starting with a flight to Lagos, capital of Nigeria, where he was greeted by President Shehu Shagari.[80]
  • In the U.S., the Ford Motor Company and the United Auto Workers reached a historic labor agreement that provide the first concessions by the UAW for relief for Ford's financial problems (including a freeze on wage levels for 30 months and a reduction by two weeks of paid leave, in return for a guarantee of a lifetime paycheck as protection against future layoffs.[81]
  • Ossie Ocasio defeated Robbie Williams in a 15-round bout to win the first World Boxing Association cruiserweight (or junior heavyweight) (maximum 190 lb weight) title in a 15-round outdoor bout before 25,000 fans in Johannesburg in South Africa.[82]
  • Died:

February 14, 1982 (Sunday)

  • Night of 100 Stars, a live television benefit for the Actors Fund of America, was presented on NBC. One of the 100 people featured, American actor and acting coach Lee Strasberg, died three days after the broadcast.
  • Bobby Allison won NASCAR's Daytona 500 stock car race, becoming the third driver (after Cale Yarborough and then 7-time winner Richard Petty) to win the race more than once. Allison's car ran out of gas after he crossed the finish line, reaching empty as he was driving to victory lane to collect the $120,000 check for the winner.[86]
  • The radio show Rock, Roll & Remember, which would run for 22 years and would be hosted by Dick Clark, broadcast its first episode as a documentary and "oldies" music program. Though the show would be named for Clark in 1983, it was initially hosted by Gene Weed.[87]
  • Born: Marian Gaborik, Slovak ice hockey player and 2012 NHL All-Star Game MVP, member of the Slovakia national men's team; in Trenčín, Czechoslovakia

February 15, 1982 (Monday)

The Ocean Ranger platform prior to its destruction

February 16, 1982 (Tuesday)

  • The sinking of the Soviet freighter Mekhanik Tarasov killed 28 of the 35 persons known to have been aboard, after the ship's captain refused to allow his men to be taken aboard a Danish fishing vessel[104] declaring that a Soviet rescue vessel was on the way. The Soviet ship, Ivan Dvorsky, did not arrive until more than three hours after Mekhanik Tarasov went down in the Atlantic Ocean off of the coast of Newfoundland. The Danish trawler rescued nine of the Soviet crew who had escaped into the sea.[105][106]
  • The American computer manufacturer Compaq was incorporated in Texas as Gateway Technology by three former senior managers of Texas Instruments, Rod Canion, Jim Harris, and Bill Murto,[107] who chose a name developed from the words "compatability" and "quality". Eleven months later, the company would introduce the 28 pounds (13 kg)} Compaq Portable, designed to run IBM personal computer programs. Compaq would exist for 20 years before being acquired by Hewlett-Packard.[108]
  • Magdalena Kopp, the wife and accomplice of the Venezuelan-born terrorist "Carlos the Jackal" (Ilich Ramirez Sanchez), was arrested in Paris along with Bruno Bréguet,[109] after police noticed that her automobile had been parked incorrectly. Inside the car, five kilograms (11 pounds) of the explosive material pentaerythritol tetranitrate were located, along with false passports and sketches of various locations. She would be imprisoned for three years before being deported to West Germany, and reunite with Carlos a month later.[110]
  • The Guatemalan Army carried out the massacre of at least 18 people of the Mayan minority, including 11 children and a pregnant woman, in an attack on the on the village of Xix in Chajul province.[111]
  • Born: Lupe Fiasco (stage name for Wasalu Muhammad Jaco), American rap artist; in Chicago
  • Died: Nathan Witt, 79, American lawyer who served as the secretary of the U.S. National Labor Relations Board before being forced to resign in 1940 on accusations that he was a Communist[112]
  • Died: Luis Pacheco de Céspedes, 86, Peruvian composer and violinist[113]

February 17, 1982 (Wednesday)

  • In Zimbabwe, Prime Minister Robert Mugabe dropped his main political rival, Home Affairs Minister Joshua Nkomo, from his cabinet after accusing Nkomo of plotting to overthrow the government of the southern African nation, ending the unity of the Patriotic Union that had governed the former colony of Rhodesia since 1980.[114]
  • An escalator accident killed 15 people at the Aviamotoryama station of the Moscow Metro.[115] The only official confirmation of the accident by the government-controlled Soviet media was aa statement in Moscow's evening newspaper Vechernyaya Moskva that "casualties resulted" when the escalator broke.
  • The Sri Lanka national cricket team, which had been admitted on July 21, 1981 as the eighth full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) played its first Test cricket match, facing the visiting England national team at the Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium in Colombo, finishing on February 21 with England winning by 7 wickets.[116]
  • Born: Adriano Leite Ribeiro, Brazilian footballer known as Adriano, with 48 caps for the Brazil national team; in Rio de Janeiro

February 18, 1982 (Thursday)

  • Elections for the Dail Eirann were held in the Republic of Ireland.[117] The ruling Fianna Fáil slightly increased its lead from 78 to 81 seats, in the 166-seat parliament and the Fine Gael and Labour Party coalition, led by Prime Minister Garret FitzGerald, lost its s control of 80 seats fell to 78, as Fine Gail dropped to 63 seats and Labour held its 15 seats.[118]
  • The South African Navy frigate SAS President Kruger sank after being struck by another ship, SAS Tafelberg, with the loss of 16 crew. The impact tore a large hole in the President Kruger and killed 13 of its 193 crew immediately, while three more the crew were unable to evacuated before the sinking.[119]
  • Deng Xiaoping, the Vice-Premier of China and the nation's de facto ruler, was seen in public for the first time in five weeks as he appeared at a meeting in Beijing with Foreign Minister Huang Hua in greeting the exiled Cambodian Prince Norodom Sihanouk.[120]
  • The government of Iran announced that the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, ailing supreme leader of the Islamic Republic, would eventually be replaced by a council of three men.[121]
  • Voters in a by-election in Canada's province of Alberta elected Gordon Keller, the candidate of the Western Canada Concept, which proposed the secession of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
  • Born:
    • Courtney Act (stage name for Shane Jenek) Australian drag queen, television personality and popular singer; in Brisbane[122]
    • Victoria Tereshchuk, Ukrainian pentathlete and gold medalist in the 2011 women's world championship; in Luhansk, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet UnionGjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (2016). "Viktoriya Tereshchuk Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-18.
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February 19, 1982 (Friday)

February 20, 1982 (Saturday)

February 21, 1982 (Sunday)

  • The musical revue Ain't Misbehavin', a tribute to the music of Fats Waller, closed on Broadway after 1,604 performances dating to the premiere on May 9, 1978.
  • Free-lance journalist Christopher Jones, whose story "In the land of the Khmer Rouge" had been published in the December 20, 1981 issue of The New York Times Magazine, admitted that he had made the story up and that he plagiarized part of the story from a novel, The Royal Way, by Andre Malraux.[140]
  • Died: Murray Kaufman, 60, American disc jockey and promoter known professionally as "Murray the K", died from cancer.[141]

February 22, 1982 (Monday)

  • The governments of Belgium and Denmark devalued their currencies in relation to the other eight member nations of the European Monetary System, with the value of the Belgian franc reduced by 8.5 percent and the Danish krona by 3 percent.[142] Belgium's decision was made unilaterally despite the Belgium–Luxembourg Economic Union that required a joint decision with Luxembourg.[143]

February 23, 1982 (Tuesday)

February 24, 1982 (Wednesday)

February 25, 1982 (Thursday)

  • The European Court of Human Rights ruled that teachers who caned, belted or tawsed misbehaving children, against the wishes of the child's parents, were in breach of the Human Rights Convention.[160]
  • In Chile, trade union leader Tucapel Jiménez, a 60-year-old taxi driver and the director of the Agrupación Nacional de Empleados Fiscales (ANEF, the National Group of Public Employees), was kidnapped and murdered by members of the Chilean Army's DINA police force near Santiago. An investigation after the fall of the regime of Augusto Pinochet determined that Jimenez had been killed by individuals who were posing as passengers seeking a ride to the Santiago suburb of Renca, and was shot five times.[161]
  • The Landsat 2 satellite, which had been expected to last for only one year after its launch on January 22, 1975, ceased functioning after more than seven years of transmitting images of Earth to NASA.[162]
  • Born:
  • Died: Mukhtar Begum, 80, Indian and Pakistani singer and actress known as the "Melody Queen of India" for her singing roles in multiple films in the 1930s

February 26, 1982 (Friday)

  • An Air Tanzania Boeing 737 airliner was hijacked during a domestic flight in Tanzania with 94 passengers and crew was hijacked and diverted to Kenya, Saudi Arabia and Greece before landing at the Stansted international airport that serves freight traffic near London.[165] The hijackers released eight foreign passengers before flying to the UK with the Tanzanian citizens. British commandos from the Special Air Service (SAS) surrounded the aircraft and the hijackers released a pregnant woman and a child, but held the remaining hostages. On Sunday, the hijackers released their 82 remaining hostages at the request of Oscar Kambona, former Foreign Minister of Tanzania who had been living in exile in England.[166]
  • Turkish security police arrested 14 dissident members of the Turkish Peace Association on charges of communist propaganda and sedition, including Mahmut Dikerdem and Reha İsvan.[167] Sentenced to terms of eight years imprisonment, the group members were held for four years at the Maltepe military prison.
  • The popular Indian Tamil language film Payanangal Mudivathillai (Journeys Never End) was released. The romantic drama, the first to be written and directed by R. Sundarrajan, starred Mohan and actress Poornima Bhagyaraj and was shown in theaters for more than a year.[168]
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February 27, 1982 (Saturday)

  • Elections were held for the 47 seats of the Fono Samoa the unicameral parliament of Western Samoa. While 25 independent candidates won a majority of the seats, the new Human Rights Protection Party won the other 22 seats and its leader, Tofilau Eti Alesana, would form a government as Prime Minister later in the year.[173]
  • The D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, which had existed for more than 100 years since its founding in the 1875, gave its final performance before going out of business, with a farewell show at the Adelphi Theatre on London's West End.[174] The company would be revived in 1988 following a bequest in the will of the founder's widow, Dame Bridget D’Oyly Carte.
  • A jury in Atlanta found Wayne Williams guilty of the murder of two young black people among the 28 missing or killed in the Atlanta Child Murders. Williams was sentenced to two consecutive terms of life imprisonment.[175]
  • Retired Salvadoran Army Major Robert D'Abuisson, leader of the National Republican Alliance, an extreme right-wing political party in El Salvador, was shot and seriously wounded as he was driving past the Ilopango Airport that served San Salvador. D'Abuisson was campaigning for the March 28 legislative elections when he was ambushed.[176]
  • Born: Bruno Soares, Brazilian tennis player, winner of the 2012 and 2014 U.S. Open mixed doubles, and the 2012 and 2016 men's doubles; and the 2016 Australian Open men's doubles and mixed doubles; in Belo Horizonte

February 28, 1982 (Sunday)

Nereus in 2021

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