1V-LSD
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1V-LSD, also known as 1-valeryl-LSD or by the nickname Valerie, is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).[4][1][2] It is an analogue of LSD and is thought to act as a prodrug of LSD.[4][2] The drug has been encountered as a novel designer recreational drug.[4][5][1]
- AU: S8 (Controlled drug)
- CA: Unscheduled
- DE: NpSG (Industrial and scientific use only)
- UK: Under Psychoactive Substances Act
- US: Unscheduled (when wasn't sold for human consumption)
- UN: Unscheduled
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| Other names | 1-Valeryl-LSD; 1-Valeroyl-LSD; 1-Pentanoyl-LSD; Valerie; 1-Valeryl-N,N-diethyllysergamide |
| Routes of administration | Oral[1] |
| Drug class | Serotonergic psychedelic; Hallucinogen |
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| Duration of action | 6–8 hours (reportedly)[2][3] |
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| Formula | C25H33N3O2 |
| Molar mass | 407.558 g·mol−1 |
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Use and effects
Interactions
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
As demonstrated with other N-acylated derivatives of LSD, 1V-LSD is believed to serve as a prodrug for LSD but may also act directly as a weak partial agonist at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.[4]
A head-twitch response assay in mice found that 1V-LSD has a similar potency to 1P-LSD and 1cP-LSD, with behavioral effects also closely resembling these structural analogs.[6]
Chemistry
Synthesis
1V-LSD is the condensation product of valeric acid (pentanoic acid) and LSD, where the valeroyl group is substituted on the NH position of the indole moiety.[7]
Detection
Ehrlich's reagent is used to identify the presence of an indole moiety; the chemical backbone of the lysergamide and ergoline molecules.[8] However, as with other N-acylated lysergamides, 1V-LSD reacts very slowly to Ehrlich reagent and may not give reliable results if the reagent isn't fresh.[9][10]
Analogues
Related compounds include 1B-LSD, 1cP-LSD, 1D-LSD, 1P-LSD, and AL-LAD, among others.
History
1V-LSD was first described in the scientific literature by 2022.[5][4]
Society and culture
Legal status
Canada
1V-LSD is not an explicitly nor implicitly controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.[11]
Germany
An amendment to the NpSG banned the sale of 1V-LSD in Germany in September 2022. Due to a interpunctation error in the actualised NpSG, the ban never took effect.[12] The law was amended in March 2023, now banning 1V-LSD.
South Korea
1V-LSD was placed under legal control in South Korea in July 2022 on a temporary but renewable basis.[13]
Sweden
Since 2 March 2022, 1V-LSD has been under investigation in Sweden and may therefore soon become controlled.
United States
1V-LSD is not an explicitly controlled substance in the United States.[14] However, it could be considered a controlled substance under the Federal Analogue Act if intended for human consumption.[15]