Alphaherpesvirinae
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| Alphaherpesvirinae | |
|---|---|
_Virus_PHIL_1878_lores.jpg) | |
| Electron micrograph of a Human alphaherpesvirus 3 virion | |
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Duplodnaviria |
| Kingdom: | Heunggongvirae |
| Phylum: | Peploviricota |
| Class: | Herviviricetes |
| Order: | Herpesvirales |
| Family: | Orthoherpesviridae |
| Subfamily: | Alphaherpesvirinae |
| Genera | |
|
See text | |
Alphaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the family Herpesviridae, primarily distinguished by reproducing more quickly than other subfamilies in the Herpesviridae. Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are currently 45 species in this subfamily, divided among 5 genera, with one species unassigned to a genus. Diseases associated with this subfamily include: HHV-1 and HHV-2: skin vesicles or mucosal ulcers, rarely encephalitis and meningitis, HHV-3: chickenpox (varicella) and shingles, GaHV-2: Marek's disease.[1][2] In animals, Pseudorabies virus is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease in pigs, and Bovine herpesvirus 1 is the causative agent of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis and pustular vulvovaginitis.[3][4]
Alphaherpesvirinae consists of the following five genera:[2]
The species Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 6 is currently unassigned to a genus.[2]
Structure
Viruses in Alphaherpesvirinae are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 120 to 180 kb in length.[1]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iltovirus | Spherical pleomorphic | T=16 | Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
| Mardivirus | Spherical pleomorphic | T=16 | Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
| Simplexvirus | Spherical pleomorphic | T=16 | Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
| Scutavirus | Spherical pleomorphic | T=16 | Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
| Varicellovirus | Spherical pleomorphic | T=16 | Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
