Tilquiapan Zapotec
Oto-Manguean language of Oaxaca, Mexico
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tilquiapan Zapotec (Zapoteco de San Miguel Tilquiápam) is an Oto-Manguean language of the Zapotecan branch, spoken in southern Oaxaca, Mexico.
| Tilquiapan Zapotec | |
|---|---|
| San Miguel Tilquiápam | |
| Region | Oaxaca in Mexico |
Native speakers | 5,000 (2007)[1] |
| Latin script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | zts |
| Glottolog | tilq1235 |
Santa Inés Yatzechi Zapotec is close enough to be considered a dialect, and Ocotlán Zapotec is also close. They were measured at 87% and 59% intelligibility, respectively, in recorded text testing.[2]
Phonology
Vowels
Each vowel can also be glottalized, a phenomenon manifested as either creaky voice throughout the vowel or, more commonly, as a sequence of a vowel and a glottal stop optionally followed by an echo of the vowel.[4]
Consonants
As with other Zapotec languages, the primary distinction between consonant pairs like /t/ and /d/ is not of voicing but between fortis and lenis (measured in length),[6] respectively, with voicing being a phonetic correlate.[5] There are two exceptions to this in Tilquiapan:
- The contrast between fortis /nː/ and lenis /n/
- The contrast between fortis /ld/ and lenis /l/
Neither is voiceless, but /nː/ is pronounced a little longer and /ld/ replaces /l/ in certain causative verbs in ways similar to other fortis/lenis consonantal changes (e.g. [blaˀa] 'get loose' vs. [bldaˀa] 'let loose').[5]
/nː/ is not differentiated from /n/ in orthography.[5] Word-final lenis /n/ is realized as [ŋ].[3]
/b/ and /d/ have fricative allophones [β] and [ð] intervocalically.[3]
/ɾ/ before a consonant is [ɹ].[3]
/ɡʷ/ varies between [ɡʷ] ~ [ɣʷ] ~ [w], and /ɡ/ between [ɡ] ~ [ɣ].[5]
/ʃ ʒ/ have retroflex allophones [ʂ ʐ] occurring before /a u/, while [ʃ ʒ] are typically occurring before /i/.[3]
