List of Santalales of South Africa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Santalales is an order of flowering plants. Many of the members of the order are parasitic plants, mostly hemiparasites, able to produce sugars through photosynthesis, but tapping the stems or roots of other plants to obtain water and minerals, though some are obligate parasites, with low concentrations of chlorophyll and derive the majority of their sustenance from their hosts' vascular tissues. Most have seeds without testae (seed coats), which is unusual for flowering plants.
The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]
Three families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.
Actinanthella
Family: Loranthaceae,[4]
Genus Actinanthella:[4]
- Actinanthella wyliei (Sprague) Wiens, endemic
Agelanthus
Genus Agelanthus:[4]
- Agelanthus crassifolius (Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
- Agelanthus gracilis (Toelken & Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
- Agelanthus kraussianus (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
- Agelanthus lugardii (N.E.Br.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
- Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
- Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. natalitius, indigenous
- Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
- Agelanthus prunifolius (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
- Agelanthus pungu (De Wild.) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
- Agelanthus sambesiacus (Engl. & Schinz) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
- Agelanthus transvaalensis (Sprague) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
Erianthemum
Genus Erianthemum:[4]
- Erianthemum dregei (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Tiegh. indigenous
- Erianthemum ngamicum (Sprague) Danser, indigenous
Helixanthera
Genus Helixanthera:[4]
- Helixanthera garciana (Engl.) Danser, indigenous
- Helixanthera subcylindrica (Sprague) Danser, accepted as Helixanthera woodii (Schltr. & K.Krause) Danser, present
- Helixanthera woodii (Schltr. & K.Krause) Danser, indigenous
Loranthus
- Loranthus natalitius Meisn. var. minor (Harv.) J.M.Wood, accepted as Agelanthus gracilis (Toelken & Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
Moquinia
- Moquinia rubra A.Spreng. accepted as Moquiniella rubra (A.Spreng.) Balle, indigenous
Moquiniella
Genus Moquiniella:[4]
- Moquiniella rubra (A.Spreng.) Balle, indigenous
Odontella
- Odontella welwitschii (Engl.) Balle, accepted as Oncocalyx welwitschii (Engl.) Polhill & Wiens
Oncocalyx
- Oncocalyx bolusii (Sprague) Wiens & Polhill, indigenous
- Oncocalyx quinquenervius (Hochst.) Wiens & Polhill, endemic
Pedistylis
Genus Pedistylis:[4]
- Pedistylis galpinii (Schinz ex Sprague) Wiens, indigenous
Plicosepalus
Genus Plicosepalus:[4]
- Plicosepalus amplexicaulis Wiens, indigenous
- Plicosepalus kalachariensis (Schinz) Danser, indigenous
- Plicosepalus undulatus (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh. indigenous
Septulina
- Septulina glauca (Thunb.) Tiegh. indigenous
- Septulina ovalis (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh. indigenous
Tapinanthus
Genus Tapinanthus:[4]
- Tapinanthus carsonii (Baker & Sprague) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus pungu (De Wild.) Polhill & Wiens
- Tapinanthus ceciliae (N.E.Br.) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus pungu (De Wild.) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus cinereus (Engl.) Danser, accepted as Phragmanthera cinerea (Engl.) Balle
- Tapinanthus crassifolius Wiens, accepted as Agelanthus crassifolius (Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus discolor (Schinz) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus discolor (Schinz) Balle
- Tapinanthus forbesii (Sprague) Wiens, indigenous
- Tapinanthus glaucocarpus (Peyr.) Danser, accepted as Phragmanthera glaucocarpa (Peyr.) Balle
- Tapinanthus gracilis Toelken & Wiens, accepted as Agelanthus gracilis (Toelken & Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus guerichii (Engl.) Danser, accepted as Phragmanthera guerichii (Engl.) Balle
- Tapinanthus kraussianus (Meisn.) Tiegh. subsp. kraussianus, accepted as Agelanthus kraussianus (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus kraussianus (Meisn.) Tiegh. subsp. transvaalensis (Sprague) Wiens, accepted as Agelanthus transvaalensis (Sprague) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus leendertziae (Sprague) Wiens, accepted as Tapinanthus quequensis (Weim.) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus lugardii (N.E.Br.) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus lugardii (N.E.Br.) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Danser subsp. natalitius, accepted as Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. natalitius, present
- Tapinanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Danser subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Wiens, accepted as Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Danser, indigenous
- Tapinanthus prunifolius (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh. accepted as Agelanthus prunifolius (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus quequensis (Weim.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
- Tapinanthus rubromarginatus (Engl.) Danser, indigenous
- Tapinanthus sambesiacus (Engl. & Schinz) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus sambesiacus (Engl. & Schinz) Polhill & Wiens, present
- Tapinanthus terminaliae (Engl. & Gilg) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus terminaliae (Engl. & Gilg) Polhill & Wiens
Tieghemia
- Tieghemia bolusii (Sprague) Wiens, accepted as Oncocalyx bolusii (Sprague) Wiens & Polhill, present
- Tieghemia quinquenervius (Hochst.) Balle, accepted as Oncocalyx quinquenervius (Hochst.) Wiens & Polhill, present
- Tieghemia rogersii (Sprague ex Burtt Davy) Wiens, accepted as Oncocalyx bolusii (Sprague) Wiens & Polhill, present
Vanwykia
- Vanwykia remota (Baker & Sprague) Wiens, indigenous
