List of conventional hydroelectric power stations
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of conventional hydroelectric power stations.
This list includes power stations that are larger than 1,000 megawatts (1.3×106 hp) in maximum net capacity, and are operational or under construction. Those power stations that are smaller than 1,000 MW, or those that are only at a planning/proposal stage may be found in regional lists, listed at the end of the page.
Overview
The largest hydroelectric power station is the Three Gorges Dam in China, rated at 22.5 gigawatts (30.2×106 hp) in total installed capacity. After passing on 7 December 2007 the 14-gigawatt (19×106 hp) mark of the Itaipu Dam, the facility was ranked as the largest power-generating facility ever built. The dam is 181 metres (594 ft) high, 2,335 metres (7,661 ft) long and 115 metres (377 ft) in width. Power is generated by 32 turbines rated at 700 MW (940,000 hp), and two turbines rated 50 MW (67,000 hp), which are used to power the facility itself. Construction of this dam commenced in 1994, and was completed in 2012, nearly two decades after it started.
The next six largest dams, after the Three Gorges Dam, with capacity of more than 10 gigawatts (13×106 hp) are:
- Baihetan Dam – 16 gigawatts (21×106 hp)
- Itaipu Dam – 14 gigawatts (19×106 hp)
- Xiluodu Dam – 13.86 gigawatts (18.59×106 hp)
- Belo Monte Dam – 11.233 gigawatts (15.064×106 hp)
- Guri Dam – 10.235 gigawatts (13.725×106 hp)
- Wudongde Dam – 10.2 gigawatts (13.7×106 hp)
The Jebel Ali Power Plant, at 8.695 gigawatts (11.660×106 hp), is the largest non-renewable energy-generating facility in the world. The planned Grand Inga Dam, if completed, with capacity of 40 to 70 gigawatts (54×106 to 94×106 hp), is estimated to be nearly twice the size of the Three Gorges Dam.
The Three Gorges Dam in Hubei, China, has the world's largest instantaneous generating capacity at 22,500 MW of power. In second place is the Baihetan Dam, also in China, with a capacity of 16,000 MW. The Itaipu Dam in Paraguay and Brazil is the third largest with 14,000 MW of power. Despite the large difference in installed capacity between Three Gorges Dam and Itaipu Dam, they generate nearly equal amounts of electrical energy during the course of an entire year – Itaipu 103 terawatt-hours (370 PJ) in 2016[1] and Three Gorges 111.8 TWh (402 PJ) in 2020,[2] because the Three Gorges experiences six months per year when there is very little water available to generate power, while the Paraná River continuously feeds the Itaipu with an ample supply of water year-round.
Energy output of the Three Gorges reaches 125 TWh (450 PJ) in years of high feed availability. The Three Gorges (22,500 MW - 32 × 700 MW and 2 × 50 MW) is operated jointly with the much smaller Gezhouba Dam (2,715 MW). The total generating capacity of this two-dam complex is 25,215 MW. The Itaipu on the Brazil–Paraguay border has 20 generator units with overall 14,000 MW of installed capacity. However, the maximum number of generating units allowed to operate simultaneously cannot exceed 18 (12,600 MW).
The Jinsha River (the upper stream of Yangtze River) complex is the largest hydroelectric generating system currently under construction. It has three phases. Phase one includes four dams on the downstream of the Jinsha River. They are Wudongde Dam, Baihetan Dam, Xiluodu Dam, and Xiangjiaba Dam, with generating capacity of 10,200 MW, 16,000 MW, 13,860 MW, and 7,798 MW respectively. Phase two includes eight dams on the middle stream of the Jinsha River. The total generating capacity is 21,150 MW. Phase three includes eight dams on the upper stream of the Jinsha River. The total generating capacity is 8,980 MW. The total combined capacity of the Jinsha complex with the Three Gorges complex will be 103,203 MW.
As of 2025[update], plans exist in the Democratic Republic of the Congo for the construction of a hydroelectric power station set to overtake the Three Gorges,[3] with an installed capacity of 39,000 MW.[4][5] The Project is called Grand Inga and is planned to be realised on the lower Congo River.[6] As of 2014[update], China is working on a 50,000 MW[7] dam as part of the Yarlung Tsangpo Hydroelectric and Water Diversion Project. Another proposal, Penzhin Tidal Power Plant, presumes an installed capacity up to 87,100 MW.
The largest hydroelectric power stations top the list of the largest power stations of any kind, are among the largest hydraulic structures and are some of the largest artificial structures in the world.
Hydroelectric power stations
The following two lists rank the largest conventional hydroelectric power stations that have an installed electric power generation capacity of at least 1,000 MW.
| Station | Image | Country | Location | River | Installed capacity | Annual production[note 1] | Area flooded | Reservoir volume[8] | Years of completion | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adam Beck Hydroelectric Generating Stations | Canada | 43°08′51″N 79°02′42″W | 1,962 megawatts (2,631,000 hp) | [9] | ||||||
| Ahai Dam | China | 27°19′59″N 100°30′27″E | 2,000 megawatts (2,700,000 hp) | [10] | ||||||
| Akosombo Dam | Ghana | 06°17′59″N 00°03′34″E | 1,020 megawatts (1,370,000 hp) | [11][12] | ||||||
| Alberto Lleras Dam | Colombia | 04°43′29″N 73°28′59″W | 1,150 megawatts (1,540,000 hp) | [13] | ||||||
| Aldeadávila Dam |
|
41°12′42″N 6°41′08″W | 1,139.2 megawatts (1,527,700 hp) | [14] | ||||||
| Alicurá Dam | Argentina | 40°35′10″S 70°45′09″W | 1,050 megawatts (1,410,000 hp) | [15][16] | ||||||
| Aswan High Dam | Egypt | 23°58′14″N 32°52′40″E | 2,100 megawatts (2,800,000 hp) | [17] | ||||||
| Atatürk Dam | Turkey | 37°28′54″N 38°19′03″E | 2,400 megawatts (3,200,000 hp) | [18] | ||||||
| Baihetan Dam | China | 28°15′06″N 103°39′34″E | Jinsha | 16,000 megawatts (21,000,000 hp) | 60.24 TWh (216.9 PJ) | 20.62 km3[19][20] | 2022[21] | [22][23] | ||
| Baishan Dam | China | 42°43′35″N 127°13′25″E | 1,800 megawatts (2,400,000 hp) | [24][25] | ||||||
| Bakun Hydroelectric Power Station | Malaysia | 02°45′23″N 114°03′47″E | 2,520 megawatts (3,380,000 hp) | [26] | ||||||
| Bath County PSP | United States | 38°12′32″N 79°48′00″W | 3,003 MW[27] | 3.32 TWh (12.0 PJ) | 3.3 km2 | 0.030 km3 | 1985, 2005/2009 | |||
| Beauharnois Hydroelectric Power Station | Canada | 45°18′50″N 73°54′32″W | 1,903 megawatts (2,552,000 hp) | [28][29] | ||||||
| Belo Monte Dam | Brazil | 3°7′40″S 51°46′33″W | Xingu | 11,223 megawatts (15,050,000 hp) 11,233 MW[30] |
39.5 TWh (142 PJ) | 441 km2 | 1.89 km3 | 2016/2019 | [31] | |
| Bento Munhoz Hydroelectric Plant | Brazil | 26°00′34″S 51°40′00″W | 1,674 megawatts (2,245,000 hp) | [32] | ||||||
| Bersimis-1 generating station | Canada | 49°18′31″N 69°33′50″W | 1,178 megawatts (1,580,000 hp) | [33] | ||||||
| Bhakra Dam | India | 31°24′39″N 76°26′00″E | 1,325 megawatts (1,777,000 hp) | [34] | ||||||
| Bieudron Hydroelectric Power Station | Switzerland | 46°11′7″N 7°14′58″E | 1,269 megawatts (1,702,000 hp) | [35] | ||||||
| Boguchany Hydroelectric Power Station | Russia | 58°41′41″N 99°08′56″E | 2,997 megawatts (4,019,000 hp) | [36] | ||||||
| Bonneville Dam | United States | 45°38′39″N 121°56′26″W | 1,242 megawatts (1,666,000 hp) | [37][38] | ||||||
| Boundary Dam | United States | 48°59′14″N 117°20′51″W | 1,003.25 megawatts (1,345,380 hp) | [39][40] | ||||||
| Bratsk Dam | Russia | 56°17′10″N 101°47′10″E | Angara | 4,500 megawatts (6,000,000 hp) 4,515 MW |
22.6 TWh (81 PJ) | 5,470 km2 | 169.27 km3 | 1961/1966 | [41] | |
| Bureya Dam | Russia | 50°16′07″N 130°18′54″E | 2,010 megawatts (2,700,000 hp) | [42][43] | ||||||
| Cahora Bassa Dam | Mozambique | 15°35′07″S 32°42′17″E | 2,075 megawatts (2,783,000 hp) | [44][45] | ||||||
| Caruachi Dam | Venezuela | 08°09′36″N 62°47′55″W | 2,160 megawatts (2,900,000 hp) | [46] | ||||||
| Cheboksary Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 56°08′17″N 47°27′56″E | 1,374 megawatts (1,843,000 hp) | [47] | ||||||
| Chicoasén Dam | Mexico | 16°56′30″N 93°06′02″W | 2,430 megawatts (3,260,000 hp) | [48] | ||||||
| Chief Joseph Dam | United States | 47°59′43″N 119°38′00″W | 2,620 megawatts (3,510,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Chirkey Dam | Russia | 42°58′38″N 46°52′15″E | 1,000 megawatts (1,300,000 hp) | [49] | ||||||
| Chivor Hydroelectric Project | Colombia | 04°54′03″N 73°17′49″W | 1,000 megawatts (1,300,000 hp) | [50] | ||||||
| Churchill Falls | Canada | 53°31′46″N 63°58′05″W | Churchill | 5,428 megawatts (7,279,000 hp)[51] | 35 TWh (130 PJ) | 6,988 km2 | 32.64 km3 | 1971/1974 | [52] | |
| Cirata Dam | Indonesia | 6°42′02″S 107°22′01″E | 1,008 megawatts (1,352,000 hp) | [53] | ||||||
| Coca Codo Sinclair | Ecuador | 00°07′52″S 77°27′07″W | 1,500 megawatts (2,000,000 hp) | [54] | ||||||
| Dachaoshan Dam | China | 24°01′38″N 100°22′19″E | 1,350 megawatts (1,810,000 hp) | [55][56] | ||||||
| Dagangshan Dam | China | 29°26′57″N 102°13′02″E | 2,600 megawatts (3,500,000 hp) | [57] | ||||||
| Dalles Dam | United States | 45°36′44″N 121°08′04″W | 1,878 megawatts (2,518,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Danjiangkou Dam | China | 32°33′21″N 111°29′16″E | 1,035 megawatts (1,388,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Dnieper Hydroelectric Station | Ukraine | 47°52′09″N 35°05′13″E | 1,578.6 megawatts (2,116,900 hp) | [58] | ||||||
| El Chocón Dam | Argentina | 39°15′57″S 68°45′23″W | 1,260 megawatts (1,690,000 hp) | [16][59] | ||||||
| Emborcação Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 18°34′33″S 47°52′37″W | 1,192 megawatts (1,598,000 hp) | [60] | ||||||
| Engineer Souza Dias Hydroelectric Power Station | Brazil | 26°27′00″S 52°40′00″W | 1,551 megawatts (2,080,000 hp) | [61] | ||||||
| Enguri Dam | Georgia | 42°45′36″N 42°01′48″E | 1,300 megawatts (1,700,000 hp) | [62] | ||||||
| Ertan Dam | China | 26°49′16″N 101°46′52″E | Yalong | 3,300 megawatts (4,400,000 hp) | 17 TWh (61 PJ) | 101 km2 | 5.8 km3 | 1999 | [63][64] [unreliable source?] | |
| Estreito Hydroelectric Power Plant (Portuguese) |
Brazil | 06°35′22″S 47°27′53″W | 1,087 megawatts (1,458,000 hp) | [65] | ||||||
| Fengman Dam | China | 43°43′10″N 126°41′18″E | 1,480 megawatts (1,980,000 hp) | [66][67] | ||||||
| Fengning PSP Station | China | 41°41′03″N 116°33′12″E | 3,600 MW | 3.4 TWh (12 PJ) | 0.070 km3 | 2019/2021 | ||||
| Furnas Dam | Brazil | 20°40′11″S 46°19′05″W | 1,240 megawatts (1,660,000 hp) | [60] | ||||||
| Geheyan Dam | China | 30°28′3″N 111°8′23″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [68] | ||||||
| Gezhouba Dam | China | 30°44′23″N 111°16′20″E | 2,715 megawatts (3,641,000 hp) | [69] | ||||||
| Ghazi-Barotha Hydropower Project | Pakistan | 33°46′48″N 72°15′35″E | 1,450 megawatts (1,940,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Gilgel Gibe III Dam | Ethiopia | 06°50′50″N 37°18′05″E | 1,870 megawatts (2,510,000 hp) | [70] | ||||||
| Glen Canyon Dam | United States | 36°56′14″N 111°29′04″W | 1,320 megawatts (1,770,000 hp) | [71] | ||||||
| Gongboxia Dam | China | 35°52′40″N 102°13′56″E | 1,500 megawatts (2,000,000 hp) | [72] | ||||||
| Gordon M. Shrum Generating Station | Canada | 56°01′05″N 122°12′24″W | 2,907 megawatts (3,898,000 hp) | [73] | ||||||
| Goupitan Dam | China | 27°22′31″N 107°37′59″E | Wu | 3,000 megawatts (4,000,000 hp)[74] | 9.67 TWh (34.8 PJ) | 94 km2 | 6.45 km3 | 2009/2011 | [75] | |
| Grand Coulee Dam | United States | 47°57′24″N 118°59′00″W | Columbia | 6,809 megawatts (9,131,000 hp) | 20.24 TWh (72.9 PJ)[76] | 324 km2 | 12 km3 | 1942/1950, 1973, 1975/1980, 1983/1984, 1991[note 2] | [77] | |
| Grand Ethiopian Renaissance | Ethiopia | 11°12′51″N 35°05′35″E | Blue Nile | 5,150[note 3] | 1,800 km2 | 74 km3 | 2022-2025[78][79][80] | |||
| Grand'Maison Dam | France | 45°12′21″N 06°07′01″E | 1,800 megawatts (2,400,000 hp) | [81] | ||||||
| Guandi Dam | China | 27°44′39″N 101°55′47″E | 2,400 megawatts (3,200,000 hp) | [82] | ||||||
| Guangzhao Dam | China | 25°57′34″N 105°15′03″E | 1,040 megawatts (1,390,000 hp) | [83] | ||||||
| Guanyinyan Dam | China | 26°31′17″N 101°26′16″E | Jinsha | 3,000 megawatts (4,000,000 hp) | 13.62 TWh (49.0 PJ) | 2.07 km3 | 2014/2016 | [82] | ||
| Guri Dam | Venezuela | 07°46′00″N 63°00′00″W | Caroní | 10,235 megawatts (13,725,000 hp) | 53.41 TWh (192.3 PJ) | 4,250 km2 | 135 km3 | 1978, 1986 | [84] [unreliable source?] | |
| Hoover Dam | United States | 36°00′56″N 114°44′16″W | 2,080 megawatts (2,790,000 hp) | [77] | ||||||
| Houziyan Dam | China | 30°32′46″N 102°03′29″E | 1,700 megawatts (2,300,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Huangdeng Dam | China | 26°33′22″N 99°06′41″E | 1,900 megawatts (2,500,000 hp) | [85] | ||||||
| Hòa Bình Dam | Vietnam | 20°48′30″N 105°19′26″E | 1,960 megawatts (2,630,000 hp) | [86][87] | ||||||
| Ilha Solteira Dam | Brazil | 20°22′58″S 51°21′44″W | Paraná | 3,444 megawatts (4,618,000 hp) | 17.9 TWh (64 PJ) | 1,195 km2 | 21.2 km3 | 1973 | [61] | |
| Ilisu Dam | Turkey | 37°34′00″N 41°54′00″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [88] | ||||||
| Indirasagar Dam | India | 22°17′02″N 76°28′17″E | 10,000 megawatts (13,000,000 hp) | [89] | ||||||
| Infiernillo Dam | Mexico | 18°16′23″N 101°53′34″W | 1,120 megawatts (1,500,000 hp) | [48] | ||||||
| Inga II | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 05°31′44″S 13°37′14″E | 1,424 megawatts (1,910,000 hp) | [90] | ||||||
| Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station |
|
44°40′15″N 22°31′45″E | 2,372 megawatts (3,181,000 hp) | [91] | ||||||
| Itaipu Dam |
|
25°24′31″S 54°35′21″W | Paraná | 14,000 megawatts (19,000,000 hp) | 103 TWh (370 PJ)[1] | 1,350 km2 | 29 km3 | 1984/1991, 2003[note 4] | [92] | |
| Itumbiara Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 18°25′00″S 49°13′00″W | 2,082 megawatts (2,792,000 hp) | [60] | ||||||
| Itá Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 27°16′00″S 52°19′00″W | 1,450 megawatts (1,940,000 hp) | [93][94] [unreliable source?] | ||||||
| Jean-Lesage generating station | Canada | 49°19′18″N 68°20′49″W | 1,145 megawatts (1,535,000 hp) | [33] | ||||||
| Jinanqiao Dam | China | 26°48′27″N 100°26′52″E | 2,400 megawatts (3,200,000 hp) | [82] | ||||||
| Jinghong Dam | China | 22°3′9″N 100°45′54″E | 1,750 megawatts (2,350,000 hp) | [95] | ||||||
| Jinping-I Dam | China | 28°11′07″N 101°37′42″E | Yalong | 3,600 megawatts (4,800,000 hp) | 17 TWh (61 PJ) | 82.5 km2 | 7.76 km3 | 2014 | [96] | |
| Jinping-II Dam | China | 28°14′20″N 101°38′32″E | Yalong | 4,800 megawatts (6,400,000 hp) | 24.23 TWh (87.2 PJ) | 0.010 km3 | 2014 | [96] | ||
| Jirau Power Station | Brazil | 9°15′0″S 64°24′0″W | Madeira | 3,750 megawatts (5,030,000 hp) | 19.1 TWh (69 PJ) | 258 km2 | 2014/2016 | [97][98][99] | ||
| Jishixia Dam | China | 35°49′42″N 102°42′23″E | 1,020 megawatts (1,370,000 hp) | [100] | ||||||
| John Day Dam | United States | 45°42′59″N 120°41′40″W | 2,160 megawatts (2,900,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| José Richa Hydroelectric Plant | Brazil | 25°32′36″S 53°29′48″W | 1,240 megawatts (1,660,000 hp) | [101] | ||||||
| Julius Nyerere Dam | Tanzania | 07°48′19″S 37°50′44″E | 2,115 megawatts (2,836,000 hp) | [102][103] | ||||||
| Karakaya Dam | Turkey | 38°13′40″N 39°08′20″E | 1,800 megawatts (2,400,000 hp) | [104] | ||||||
| Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant | India | 31°32′35.53″N 78°00′54.80″E | 1,000 megawatts (1,300,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Kariba Power Station |
|
16°31′18″S 28°45′41″E | 1,626 megawatts (2,181,000 hp) | [105] | ||||||
| Karun-1 Dam (Shahid Abbaspour) | Iran | 32°07′00″N 49°37′00″E | 2,000 megawatts (2,700,000 hp) | [106][107] | ||||||
| Karun-2 Dam (Masjed Soleyman) | Iran | 32°01′40″N 49°24′01″E | 2,000 megawatts (2,700,000 hp) | [107][108] | ||||||
| Karun-3 Dam | Iran | 31°48′00″N 50°05′00″E | 2,280 megawatts (3,060,000 hp) | [107][109][110] | ||||||
| Karun-4 Dam | Iran | 31°36′00″N 50°28′00″E | 1,020 megawatts (1,370,000 hp) | [107] | ||||||
| Keban Dam | Turkey | 38°48′25″N 38°45′25″E | 1,330 megawatts (1,780,000 hp) | [111][112] | ||||||
| Kettle Generating Station | Canada | 56°23′03″N 94°38′06″W | 1,220 megawatts (1,640,000 hp) | [113] | ||||||
| Koyna Hydroelectric Project | India | 17°24′06″N 73°45′08″E | 1,960 megawatts (2,630,000 hp) | [114] | ||||||
| Krasnoyarsk Dam | Russia | 55°56′05″N 92°17′40″E | Yenisei | 6,000 megawatts (8,000,000 hp) | 18.35 TWh (66.1 PJ) | 2,000 km2 | 73.3 km3 | 1967/1972 | [115] | |
| Kvilldal Hydroelectric Power Station | Norway | 59°31′00″N 06°38′00″E | 1,240 megawatts (1,660,000 hp) | [116] | ||||||
| La Grande-1 generating station | Canada | 53°44′04″N 78°34′25″W | 1,436 megawatts (1,926,000 hp) | [29][117] | ||||||
| La Grande-2-A generating station | Canada | 53°47′09″N 77°27′07″W | 2,106 megawatts (2,824,000 hp) | [29][118] | ||||||
| La Grande-3 generating station | Canada | 53°43′40″N 75°59′55″W | 2,418 megawatts (3,243,000 hp) | [29][119] | ||||||
| La Grande-4 generating station | Canada | 53°53′12″N 73°27′55″W | 2,779 megawatts (3,727,000 hp) | [29][120] | ||||||
| Lai Châu Dam | Vietnam | 22°08′22″N 102°59′07″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [121][122] | ||||||
| Laxiwa Dam | China | 36°04′13″N 101°11′08″E | Yellow | 4,200 megawatts (5,600,000 hp)[123] | 10.23 TWh (36.8 PJ) | 1.08 km3 | 2010 | [72] | ||
| Laúca Dam | Angola | 9°44′34.9″S 15°07′32.2″E | 2,070 megawatts (2,780,000 hp) | [124][125] | ||||||
| Lianghekou Dam | China | 30°09′46″N 101°00′49″E | Yalong | 3,000 megawatts (4,000,000 hp) | 11 TWh (40 PJ) | 10.77 km3 | 2021/2022[126] | [127][128] | ||
| Lijiaxia Dam | China | 36°7′7″N 101°48′29″E | 2,000 megawatts (2,700,000 hp) | [129] | ||||||
| Limestone Generating Station | Canada | 55°30′25″N 94°06′25″W | 1,340 megawatts (1,800,000 hp) | [130] | ||||||
| Liujiaxia Dam | China | 35°56′02″N 103°20′34″E | 1,225 megawatts (1,643,000 hp) | [63] | ||||||
| Liyuan Dam | China | 27°39′36″N 100°17′12″E | 2,400 megawatts (3,200,000 hp) | [82] | ||||||
| Longkaikou Dam | China | 26°31′57″N 100°24′58″E | 1,800 megawatts (2,400,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Long Spruce Generating Station | Canada | 56°24′1″N 94°22′10″W | 1,010 megawatts (1,350,000 hp) | [131] | ||||||
| Longtan Dam | China | 25°01′38″N 107°02′51″E | Hongshui | 6,426 megawatts (8,617,000 hp) | 18.7 TWh (67 PJ)[132] | 27.27 km3 | 2007/2009 | [133] | ||
| Longyangxia Dam | China | 36°7′21″N 100°55′12″E | 1,280 megawatts (1,720,000 hp) | [72][134] | ||||||
| Ludila Dam | China | 26°12′01″N 100°48′54″E | 2,160 megawatts (2,900,000 hp) | [82] | ||||||
| Luiz Barreto Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 20°9′11″S 47°16′46″W | 1,050 megawatts (1,410,000 hp) | [135] | ||||||
| Luiz Gonzaga Power Station | Brazil | 9°8′38″S 38°18′48″W | 1,479 megawatts (1,983,000 hp) | [136] | ||||||
| Macagua | Venezuela | 8°18′14″N 62°40′04″W | Caroní | 3,167.5 megawatts (4,247,700 hp) | 15.2 TWh (55 PJ) | 47.4 km2 | 0.36 km3 | 1961, 1996 | [137] | |
| Machadinho Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 27°34′00″S 51°40′00″W | 1,140 megawatts (1,530,000 hp) | [138][139] | ||||||
| Maerdang Dam | China | 34°40′21″N 100°41′32″E | 2,200 megawatts (3,000,000 hp) | [140][141] | ||||||
| Malpaso (Nezahualcoyotl) Dam | Mexico | 17°10′43″N 93°35′54″W | 1,080 megawatts (1,450,000 hp) | [48] | ||||||
| Mangla Dam | Pakistan | 33°08′31″N 73°38′42″E | 1,070 megawatts (1,430,000 hp) | [142][143] | ||||||
| Manic-5 Generating Station | Canada | 50°38′21″N 68°43′35″W | 1,596 megawatts (2,140,000 hp) | [33] | ||||||
| Manic-5-PA Generating Station | Canada | 50°28′30″N 68°43′46″W | 1,064 megawatts (1,427,000 hp) | [33] | ||||||
| Mantaro-Tablachaca Hydroelectric Complex (Spanish) |
Peru | 12°17′28″S 74°41′04″W | 1,008 megawatts (1,352,000 hp) | [144] | ||||||
| Manwan Dam | China | 24°37′20″N 100°26′56″E | 1,570 megawatts (2,110,000 hp) | [145] | ||||||
| Marimbondo Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 20°18′14″S 49°11′52″W | 1,440 megawatts (1,930,000 hp) | [60] | ||||||
| McNary Dam | United States | 45°55′47″N 119°17′46″W | 1,127 megawatts (1,511,000 hp) | [146] | ||||||
| Merowe Dam | Sudan | 18°40′08″N 32°03′01″E | 1,250 megawatts (1,680,000 hp) | [147] | ||||||
| Miaowei Dam | China | 25°51′15.66″N 99°9′40.78″E | 1,400 megawatts (1,900,000 hp) | [148] | ||||||
| Mica Dam | Canada | 52°04′40″N 118°33′59″W | 2,805 megawatts (3,762,000 hp) | [149] | ||||||
| Moses-Saunders Power Dam |
|
45°00′23″N 74°47′42″W | 1,957 megawatts (2,624,000 hp) | [150][151] | ||||||
| Mosul Dam | Iraq | 36°37′49″N 42°49′23″E | 1,052 megawatts (1,411,000 hp) | [152] | ||||||
| Nam Theun II Dam | Laos | 17°30′14″N 105°01′53″E | 1,075 megawatts (1,442,000 hp) | [153] | ||||||
| Nathpa Jhakri Dam | India | 31°33′50″N 77°58′49″E | 1,500 megawatts (2,000,000 hp) | [154] [unreliable source?] | ||||||
| Ney Braga Hydroelectric Plant | Brazil | 25°47′35″S 52°6′47″W | 1,280 megawatts (1,720,000 hp) | [101] | ||||||
| Nizhnekamsk Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 55°41′59″N 52°16′43″E | 1,205 megawatts (1,616,000 hp) | [155] | ||||||
| Nuozhadu Dam | China | 22°33′51″N 100°30′46″E | Mekong | 5,850 megawatts (7,840,000 hp) | 23.9 TWh (86 PJ)[156] | 320 km2 | 21.75 km3 | 2014[157] | [82] | |
| Nurek Dam | Tajikistan | 38°22′00″N 69°21′00″E | Vakhsh | 3,015 megawatts (4,043,000 hp) | 11.2 TWh (40 PJ) | 98 km2 | 10.5 km3 | 1972/1979, 1988 | [158] | |
| Outardes-3 generating station | Canada | 49°33′33″N 68°43′58″W | 1,026 megawatts (1,376,000 hp) | [33] | ||||||
| Paulo Afonso Hydroelectric Complex | Brazil | 9°23′49″S 38°12′08″W | São Francisco | 4,279 megawatts (5,738,000 hp) 4,279.6 MW |
117 km2 | 1.4 km3 | 1954/1974, 1979/1983 | [159] | ||
| Paute Dam | Ecuador | 02°35′10″S 78°33′30″W | 1,075 megawatts (1,442,000 hp) | [160] | ||||||
| Pengshui Dam | China | 29°12′02″N 108°11′50″E | 1,750 megawatts (2,350,000 hp) | [161] | ||||||
| Piedra del Águila Dam | Argentina | 40°11′25″S 69°59′29″W | 1,400 megawatts (1,900,000 hp) | [16] | ||||||
| Porto Primavera Dam | Brazil | 15°34′45″S 56°05′49″W | 1,540 megawatts (2,070,000 hp) | [61] | ||||||
| Pubugou Dam | China | 29°12′34″N 102°50′11″E | Dadu | 3,300 megawatts (4,400,000 hp) | 14.6 TWh (53 PJ) | 5.39 km3 | 2009/2010 | [162] | ||
| René-Lévesque generating station | Canada | 49°44′25″N 68°35′34″W | 1,244 megawatts (1,668,000 hp) | [33] | ||||||
| Revelstoke Dam | Canada | 51°02′58″N 118°11′38″W | 2,480 megawatts (3,330,000 hp) | [163] | ||||||
| Robert-Bourassa generating station | Canada | 53°47′43″N 77°26′26″W | La Grande | 5,616 megawatts (7,531,000 hp)[note 5][164] | 31 TWh (110 PJ) | 2,835 km2 | 61.7 km3 | 1979/1981 | [33] | |
| Robert Moses Niagara Power Plant | United States | 43°08′35″N 79°02′23″W | 2,675 megawatts (3,587,000 hp) | [165] | ||||||
| Rocky Reach Dam | United States | 47°32′00″N 120°17′40″W | 1,299.6 megawatts (1,742,800 hp) | [166] | ||||||
| Roseires Dam | Sudan | 18°40′10″N 32°03′10″E | 1,800 megawatts (2,400,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Salto Grande Dam |
|
31°16′29″S 57°56′18″W | 1,890 megawatts (2,530,000 hp) | [16][167] | ||||||
| Salto Osório Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 25°32′06″S 53°00′33″W | 1,078 megawatts (1,446,000 hp) | [168] | ||||||
| Salto Santiago Dam | Brazil | 25°37′04″S 52°36′48″W | 1,420 megawatts (1,900,000 hp) | [169] | ||||||
| Sanbanxi Dam | China | 26°36′21″N 109°02′57″E | 1,000 megawatts (1,300,000 hp) | [170] | ||||||
| San Carlos Hydroelectric Power Plant | Colombia | 06°12′39″N 74°50′26″W | 1,240 megawatts (1,660,000 hp) | [171] | ||||||
| Santo Antonio Dam | Brazil | 8°48′6″S 63°57′3″W | Madeira | 3,568 megawatts (4,785,000 hp) 3,580 MW[172] |
21.2 TWh (76 PJ) | 490 km2 | 2012/2016 | [173][174] | ||
| Saratov Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 52°03′11″N 47°45′18″E | 1,481 megawatts (1,986,000 hp) | [175][176] | ||||||
| Sardar Sarovar Dam | India | 21°49′49″N 73°44′50″E | 1,450 megawatts (1,940,000 hp) | |||||||
| Sayano-Shushenskaya Dam | Russia | 52°49′31″N 91°22′15″E | Yenisei | 6,400 megawatts (8,600,000 hp) | 29.4 TWh (106 PJ)[177] | 621 km2 | 31.3 km3 | 1978/1985, 2010/2014[note 6] | [178] | |
| Serra da Mesa Hydroelectric Power Station | Brazil | 24°58′23″S 53°28′19″W | 1,275 megawatts (1,710,000 hp) | [179] | ||||||
| Shatuo Dam | China | 28°29′53″N 108°28′31″E | 1,120 megawatts (1,500,000 hp) | [180] | ||||||
| Shuibuya Dam | China | 30°26′30″N 110°21′40″E | 1,840 megawatts (2,470,000 hp) | [181] | ||||||
| Shuikou Dam | China | 26°18′7″N 118°48′48″E | 1,400 megawatts (1,900,000 hp) | [citation needed] | ||||||
| Silin Dam | China | 27°48′08″N 108°11′10″E | 1,080 megawatts (1,450,000 hp) | [182] | ||||||
| Sobradinho Dam | Brazil | 09°28′00″S 40°48′30″W | 1,050 megawatts (1,410,000 hp) | [183] | ||||||
| Srisailam Dam | India | 16°05′12″N 78°53′48″E | 1,670 megawatts (2,240,000 hp) | [184] | ||||||
| Suwalong Dam | China | 29°33′22″N 99°02′53″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [185][186] | ||||||
| São Simão Hydroelectric Power Plant | Brazil | 18°59′03″S 50°31′08″W | 1,710 megawatts (2,290,000 hp) | [60] | ||||||
| Sơn La Dam | Vietnam | 21°29′47″N 103°59′42″E | 2,400 megawatts (3,200,000 hp) | [187] | ||||||
| Tala Hydroelectricity Project | Bhutan | 27°02′09″N 89°35′49″E | 1,020 megawatts (1,370,000 hp) | [188][189] [unreliable source?] | ||||||
| Tarbela Dam | Pakistan | 34°05′23″N 72°41′54″E | Indus | 4,888 megawatts (6,555,000 hp)[190] | 17.39 TWh (62.6 PJ) | 260 km2 | 13.7 km3 | 1976, 1992, 2018 | [note 7] [143][191] | |
| Tehri Dam[note 8] | India | 30°22′40″N 78°28′50″E | 1,400 megawatts (1,900,000 hp) | [note 9] [192][193] | ||||||
| Teles Pires Dam | Brazil | 09°20′26″S 56°46′37″W | 1,820 megawatts (2,440,000 hp) | [194] | ||||||
| Three Gorges Dam | China | 30°49′15″N 111°00′08″E | Yangtze | 22,500 megawatts (30,200,000 hp) | 111.8 terawatt-hours (402 PJ)[195] | 1,084 km2 | 39.3 km3 | 2008/2012 | [196][197] | |
| Tianshengqiao-I Dam | China | 24°56′31″N 105°06′23″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [198] | ||||||
| Tianshengqiao-II Dam | China | 24°57′47″N 105°09′20″E | 1,320 megawatts (1,770,000 hp) | [198] | ||||||
| Tingzikou Dam | China | 31°49′24″N 105°52′07″E | 1,100 megawatts (1,500,000 hp) | [199] | ||||||
| Toktogul Dam | Kyrgyzstan | 41°48′23″N 72°52′27″E | 1,260 megawatts (1,690,000 hp) | [200][201] | ||||||
| Tucuruí Dam | Brazil | 03°49′54″S 49°38′48″W | Tocantins | 8,370 megawatts (11,220,000 hp) | 41.43 TWh (149.1 PJ) | 3,014 km2 | 45 km3 | 1984, 2007 | [202] | |
| Upper Gotvand Dam | Iran | 32°12′58″N 48°56′09″E | 1,000 megawatts (1,300,000 hp) | [107][203] | ||||||
| Ust-Ilimsk Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 57°58′06″N 102°41′45″E | Angara | 3,840 megawatts (5,150,000 hp) | 21.7 TWh (78 PJ) | 1,873 km2 | 59.4 km3 | 1980 | [204] | |
| Volga Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 48°49′34″N 44°40′19″E | 2,734 megawatts (3,666,000 hp) | [205][206] | ||||||
| Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 56°47′13″N 54°04′44″E | 1,120 megawatts (1,500,000 hp) | [207][208] | ||||||
| Wanapum Dam | United States | 46°52′31″N 119°58′16″W | 1,040 megawatts (1,390,000 hp) | [209] | ||||||
| Wanjiazhai Dam | China | 39°34′47″N 111°25′38″E | 1,080 megawatts (1,450,000 hp) | [63] | ||||||
| Wudongde Dam | China | 26°20′02″N 102°37′48″E | Jinsha | 10,200 megawatts (13,700,000 hp) | 38.91 TWh (140.1 PJ) | 7.4 km3 | 2020/2021[210] | [211][212] | ||
| Wujiangdu Dam | China | 27°19′10″N 106°45′39″E | 1,130 megawatts (1,520,000 hp) | [213] | ||||||
| Wuqiangxi Dam | China | 28°46′33″N 110°55′39″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [214] | ||||||
| Xayaburi Dam | Laos | 19°15′14″N 101°48′49″E | 1,285 megawatts (1,723,000 hp) | [215][216] | ||||||
| Xiangjiaba Dam | China | 28°38′57″N 104°22′14″E | Jinsha | 7,798 megawatts (10,457,000 hp) 6,400 MW[217] |
30.88 TWh (111.2 PJ)[218] | 95.6 km2 | 5.16 km3 | 2014[219][220] | [221][222][223] | |
| Xiaolangdi Dam | China | 34°40′13″N 112°25′33″E | 1,836 megawatts (2,462,000 hp) | [224] [unreliable source?] | ||||||
| Xiaowan Dam | China | 24°42′19″N 100°05′32″E | Mekong | 4,200 megawatts (5,600,000 hp)[225] | 19 TWh (68 PJ) | 190 km2 | 15 km3 | 2010 | [226] | |
| Xiluodu Dam | China | 28°15′52″N 103°38′47″E | Jinsha | 13,860 megawatts (18,590,000 hp)[227] | 55.2 TWh (199 PJ) | 108 km2 | 12.67 km3 | 2014[228] | [229][230] | |
| Xingó Hydroelectrical Power Plant | Brazil | 9°37′14″S 37°47′34″W | São Francisco | 3,162 megawatts (4,240,000 hp) | 18.7 TWh (67 PJ)[231] | 60 km2 | 3.8 km3 | 1994/1997 | [232] | |
| Yacyretá Dam |
|
27°28′58″S 56°43′30″W | Paraná | 3,100 megawatts (4,200,000 hp) | 20.09 TWh (72.3 PJ) | 1,695 km2 | 21 km3 | 1994/1998, 2011 | [16] | |
| Yangqu Dam | China | 35°42′4″N 100°16′8″E | 1,200 megawatts (1,600,000 hp) | [233] | ||||||
| Yantan Dam | China | 24°02′26″N 107°30′45″E | 1,210 megawatts (1,620,000 hp) | [234] | ||||||
| Zeya Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 53°48′00″N 127°23′00″E | 1,330 megawatts (1,780,000 hp) | [235][236] | ||||||
| Zhiguli Hydroelectric Station | Russia | 53°26′42″N 49°29′24″E | 2,488 megawatts (3,336,000 hp) | [237][238] | ||||||
| Água Vermelha Dam | Brazil | 19°56′59″S 49°53′54″W | 1,396 megawatts (1,872,000 hp) | [61][239] |
Under construction
This table lists stations under construction with an expected installed capacity at least 3,000 MW.
| Name | Country | Location | River | Expected capacity (MW) |
Expected completion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medog | China | 29°27′37″N 95°21′48″E | Yarlung Tsangpo | 60,000 megawatts (80,000,000 hp) | 2033 |
| Tasang | Myanmar | 20°27′23″N 98°39′0″E | Salween | 7,110 megawatts (9,530,000 hp) | ? (on hold) |
| Diamer-Bhasha | Pakistan | 35°31′08″N 73°47′10″E | Indus River | 4,500 megawatts (6,000,000 hp) | 2029[240] |
| Dasu | Pakistan | 35°31′10″N 73°44′21″E | Indus River | 4,320 megawatts (5,790,000 hp) | 2029[241] |
| Rogun | Tajikistan | 38°41′03″N 69°46′26″E | Vakhsh | 3,780 megawatts (5,070,000 hp)[242][note 10] | 2018[243]-2029 |
| Myitsone | Myanmar | 25°41′23″N 97°31′04″E | Irrawaddy | 3,600 megawatts (4,800,000 hp) | ? (suspended) |
See also
Notes
- Generating capacity is not the only factor determining the amount of electricity generated, as this also depends on consistent utilization of the plant's capacity. Factors enhancing this are the free capacity of the reservoir and the consistency of water supply during and across years.
- First unit installed in 1942, 18th in 1950, 21st in 1991; 6 units in third powerplant were installed between 1975 and 1980, 2 units of pumped-storage plant were installed in 1973, 4 more units in 1983 and 1984.
- 750 MW commissioned as of August 2022
- First unit installed in 1984, 18th in 1991; in 2003, 2 additional units were installed.
- Combined with adjacent La Grande-2-A the LG-2 complex has 7,722 MW of installed capacity
- 10 units were installed between 1978 and 1985; after the 2009 failure, new units were installed between 2010 and 2014.
- planned final capacity 6,418 megawatts (8,607,000 hp)
- power station under construction
- another is 1,000 MW under construction
- 760 MW commissioned as of October 2021