List of countries by population in 1700

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List of countries by population
1600	1700	1800

This is a list of countries by population in 1700. Estimated numbers are from the beginning of the year and exact population figures are for countries that held a census on various dates in the 1700s. The bulk of these numbers are sourced from Alexander V. Avakov's Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1, pages 18 to 20, which cover population figures from the year 1700 divided into modern borders. Avakov, in turn, cites a variety of sources, primarily Angus Maddison.

Country/Territory	Population estimate c. 1700	Percentage of World Population
World[1]	682,300,000	–
Mughal Empire[2] Subdivisions Bengal Subah Jaisalmer – ? Bikaner – ? Marwar – ? Mewar – ? Amber – ? Dungarpur – ? Kotah – ? Gondi states – ?	158,400,000	23%
Qing Empire[3][4] Subdivisions Outer Mongolia Governorate – 619,000[5] Kumul Khanate – ? Sichuan Province Tusi – ? Guizhou Province Tusi – ? Guangxi Province Tusi – ? Yunnan Province Tusi – ? Taiwan – ?	100,000,000–150,000,000	22%
Ottoman Empire[6][7][8] subdivisions Anatolia – 8,400,000 Ottoman Egypt – 5,400,000 vassal states Crimean Khanate - 2,740,000 Principality of Wallachia – 600,000[9] Principality of Moldavia - 480,000[9]	27,519,000	4.0%
Holy Roman Empire[10][11] subdivisions Bohemian Crown – 3,242,000[12] Spanish Netherlands – 2,000,000+ Archduchy of Austria – 2,500,000[13] Saxony – 2,000,000 Savoyard state – 1,396,000[14] Electorate of Bavaria – 1,000,000 Margraviate of Brandenburg – ~1,000,000[15] Grand Duchy of Tuscany – ~1,000,000 Duchy of Milan – ? Duchy of Württemberg – 340,000[16] Margraviate of Baden – ? Thuringian states – ? Hesse-Darmstadt – ? Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – ? Nassau – ? Bishopric of Würzburg – ? County of Oldenburg – ? Luxembourg – ? Reuss Elder Line – ? Principality of Lippe – ? Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – ? Anhalt-Dessau – ? Arenberg – ? Anhalt-Bernburg – ? Anhalt-Köthen – ? Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe – ? Liechtenstein – ? Archbishopric of Salzburg- ? Electorate of Hanover – ? Mainz – ? Trier – ? Cologne – 39,000 Electoral Palatinate – ? Brunswick-Luneburg – 350,000[17] Saxe-Lauenburg – ? Münster – ? Magdeburg – ? Hamburg – 70,000 Hesse-Homburg – ? Lübeck – ? Schleswig – ? Holstein – ? Bishopric of Lübeck – ? Principality of Ansbach – ?	27,400,000	4.1%
Tokugawa Japan[18][12]	27,000,000	4.0%
Spain and possessions[19][20][6][7] subdivisions Kingdom of Spain – 8,770,000 New Spain – 4,500,000 Spanish Netherlands – 2,000,000+ Kingdom of Naples – 3,300,000 New Granada – 1,500,000 Peru – 1,300,000 Chile – 800,000 Kingdom of Sicily – 700,000 Río de la Plata – 450,000 Philippines – 400,000 Provincias Internas – 300,000 Louisiana – 250,000 Cuba – 200,000 Guatemala – 150,000 Yucatán – 100,000 Puerto Rico – 80,000	24,530,000	3.6%
France[7]	21,471,000	3.1%
Tsardom of Russia[6]	13,616,000	2.0%
Joseon[7]	13,500,000	2.0%
Safavid Iran[21]	10,000,000	1.5%
Habsburg monarchy[22][6] subdivisions Kingdom of Hungary – 4,000,000 Kingdom of Bohemia – 3,242,000 Archduchy of Austria – 2,500,000[13] Principality of Transylvania – 800,000 Kingdom of Croatia – 647,000 Duchy of Carinthia – 248,000[23] Kingdom of Slavonia – ?	9,989,000	1.5%
England, Scotland, and possessions[24][25] subdivisions Kingdom of England – 5,108,500 Kingdom of Ireland[26] – 2,060,051 Kingdom of Scotland – 1,200,000 Wales – 366,500 British America[27] – 250,888 constituents Colony of Virginia – 58,560 Province of Massachusetts Bay – 55,941 Province of Maryland – 29,604 Connecticut Colony – 25,970 Province of New York – 19,107 Province of Pennsylvania – 17,950 Province of Carolina – 16,424 East Jersey and West Jersey – 14,010 Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations – 5,894 Province of New Hampshire – 4,958 Delaware Colony – 2,470 Bermuda – ? Newfoundland Colony – ? Rupert's Land – ? British West Indies[28] – 145,300 constituents Barbados – 65,500 Colony of Jamaica – 49,300 Leeward Islands – 30,500 British East India Company Madras Presidency - 400,000[29]	9,531,239	1.4%
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth[30]	9,000,000	1.3%
Lê dynasty (Đại Việt)[31]	8,000,000	1.2%
Morocco and possessions[6] subdivisions Pashalik of Timbuktu – ?	4,000,000	0.5%
Portuguese Empire[22][32] subdivisions Portugal – 2,000,000 Portuguese East Africa – 1,500,000 Colonial Brazil – 300,000 State of Maranhão – ? Portuguese North Africa – ?[a] Portuguese West Africa – ?[b] Portuguese India – ? Portuguese Macau – ? Portuguese Timor – ? Colonia del Sacramento – ?	3,800,000+	0.6%+
Nepal[6]	3,064,000	0.4%
Ahom kingdom	2,000,000-3,000,000[33]	0.3%-0.4%
Sweden[22] subdivisions Kingdom of Sweden – 1,700,000 Finland- 600,000 Estonia- 160,000 Bremen-Verden – 50,000 Karelia – 100,000 Ingria – 30,000 Livonia – 200,000 Riga – 60,000 Western Pomerania – 100,000	3,000,000	0.4%
Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam)[6]	2,500,000	0.4%
Ethiopian Empire	2,338,000[6]	0.3%
Brandenburg-Prussia[34] subdivisions Duchy of Prussia – ? Margraviate of Brandenburg- ?	1,500,000	0.2%
Dutch Republic[22] subdivisions Dutch Republic – 1,794,000 Dutch East India Company- ? Dutch West India Company- ?	1,794,000	0.3%
Cambodia[6]	1,650,000	0.2%
Savoyard state[35] subdivisions Piedmont – 950,000 Savoy – 300,000 Aosta – 70,000 Nice – 60,000 Oneglia – 16,000	1,396,000	0.2%
Denmark–Norway[22] subdivisions Denmark – 745,000 Norway – 540,000 Iceland – 50,400 Danish India – 15,000 Greenland – 5,000	1,300,400	0.2%
Swiss Confederacy[7]	1,260,000	0.2%
Rozvi Empire	1,000,000+[36]	0.1%
Dzungaria[37]	1,000,000	0.1%
Grand Duchy of Tuscany[19]	~1,000,000	0.1%
Kingdom of Kongo[38]	790,000	0.12%
Lan Xang[6]	371,000	0.05%
Ryukyu Kingdom[39]	141,187	0.02%
Hospitaller Malta[citation needed]	50,000	0.01%
Rapa Nui (Easter Island)[40]	3,000-4,000	0.0004%-0.001%