List of hallucinogens

Psychedelics, also known as serotonergic psychedelics or classical hallucinogens, are serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonists and include the following:

• Tryptamines such as psilocybin, psilocin, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenin, and α-methyltryptamine (AMT)
• Phenethylamines such as mescaline, DOM, 2C-B, 25I-NBOMe, and MDA
• Lysergamides such as LSD, ergine (LSA), ALD-52 (1A-LSD), ETH-LAD, and LSZ
• Others such as efavirenz, glaucine (possibly), IHCH-7113, mefloquine (possibly), MK-212, quipazine, and RH-34

Dissociatives, also known as dissociative hallucinogens or dissociative anesthetics, are NMDA receptor antagonists and include the following:^[2]

• Arylcyclohexylamines such as ketamine (K), phencyclidine (PCP), methoxetamine (MXE), and tiletamine
• Morphinans such as dextromethorphan (DXM), its active metabolite dextrorphan (DXO), and dextrallorphan (DXA)
• Adamantanes such as amantadine and memantine
• Diarylethylamines such as diphenidine, ephenidine, fluorolintane, and methoxphenidine
• Inhalants such as nitrous oxide (N₂O) and xenon
• Others such as alkyl nitrites (poppers), aptiganel, dexoxadrol, dizocilpine (MK-801 or MK801), etoxadrol, and selfotel

Deliriants are muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists, also known as antimuscarinics or anticholinergics, and include the following:^[3][4]

• Tropanes such as atropine, scopolamine (hyoscine), and hyoscyamine
• Others such as benztropine, biperidin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, procyclidine, trihexyphenidyl, and tropicamide

κ-Opioid receptor agonists with hallucinogenic effects include the following:

• Salvinoids like salvinorin A (found in Salvia divinorum), 2-MMSB, 2-EMSB, and RB-64 (22-thiocyanatosalvinorin A) (possibly)
• Benzomorphans such as pentazocine, phenazocine, and alazocine
• Morphinans such as levorphanol, levomethorphan, and nalorphine
• Others such as spiradoline, enadoline, and HZ-2

Oneirogens, also known as oneirophrenics, have an unknown mechanism of action and include the following:

• β-Carbolines and harmala alkaloids such as harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine (THH), 6-methoxyharmalan, and 6-MeO-THH
• Iboga alkaloids such as ibogaine and noribogaine

Cannabinoids with hallucinogenic effects are cannabinoid CB₁ receptor agonists and include the following:^{[5][6][7][8][9]}

• Phytocannabinoids such as Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC or simply THC)
• Synthetic cannabinoids such as nabilone, JWH-018, JWH-073, and HU-210

Certain monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitors, which inhibit endocannabinoid metabolism and hence are indirect cannabinoid CB₁ receptor agonists, also produce partial or full cannabinoid-like discriminative stimulus effects in animal drug discrimination tests.^[10] Conversely, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitors, which inhibit endocannabinoid inactivation as well, do not substitute for cannabinoids, at least by themselves.^[10]

Other hallucinogens that are not known to fall into any of the above groups include the following:

• Aminochromes such as adrenochrome and adrenolutin (disputed/controversial)^{[11][12][13][14]}
• Carbogen, a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen gas^[15][16]
• Glaucine, an aporphine alkaloid known to act on serotonin 5-HT₂ receptors among other actions^{[17][18][19][20]}
• Hallucinogenic bolete mushrooms such as Lanmaoa asiatica (unknown mechanism of action)^[21][22]
• Hallucinogenic fish, which are reported to cause ichthyoallyeinotoxism^[23][24][25]
• Icelandic hallucinogenic lichen ("rock soup")^[26][27]
• Kambo (sapo), the skin secretions of Phyllomedusa bicolor (giant leaf frog)^{[24][28][29][30]}
• Kykeon, an ancient drink of the Eleusinian Mysteries of unknown identity with possible hallucinogenic effects (disputed/controversial)^[31][32][33]
• Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins), a honey with hallucinogenic effects and substantial toxicity^{[34][35][36][37][38]}
• Nutmeg, which contains the active constituents myristicin and elemicin (unknown mechanism of action)^[39][40]
• Sinicuichi (Heimia salicifolia), with possible active constituent of cryogenine (unknown mechanism of action)^[41][42]
• Soma (haoma), an ancient drink made from a plant of unknown identity with possible hallucinogenic effects^[43][44][45]
• Hallucinogen combinations (e.g., ayahuasca, teotlaqualli)^[46]
• Others (e.g., less-well-characterized plant hallucinogens, insect hallucinogens)^{[42][24][23][47][48]}

• List of drugs
• List of designer drugs
• List of investigational hallucinogens and entactogens
• List of psychoactive drugs
• List of substances used in rituals