List of luminous blue variable stars
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are rare, massive, evolved stars that show unpredictable and sometimes dramatic variations in their spectra and brightness. They are also known as S Doradus variables after S Doradus, one of the brightest stars of the Large Magellanic Cloud.
.png)
This is a list of luminous blue variable stars in order of their distance from Earth.[1][2]
List
Milky Way galaxy (confirmed LBVs)
| Star system | Nebula | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P Cygni (34 Cygni) | 5,251 | B1-2 Ia-0ep | 4.82 | The closest luminous blue variable star to Earth | |
| V4029 Sagittarii (HD 168607) | 6,000 | B9Ia+ | 8.12 to 8.29 | [3][4] near the Omega Nebula | |
| V905 Scorpii (HD 160529) | 6,100 | LBV | 6.66 | [3][4] | |
| Eta Carinae |  | 7,500 | O + B | −1.0 to ~7.6 | part of Trumpler 16 in the Carina Nebula |
| MWC 930 (V446 Scuti) |  |
11,400 | B5/9Iaeq | 11.51 | [3] |
| WRAY 16-137 | 12,400 | LBV | 15.5 | [5][4] | |
| W1-243 | 15,000 | LBV | 15.81 | [3] in Westerlund 1 | |
| HR Carinae | .png) |
16,000 | LBV+RSG | 8.42 | [3][4] |
| V481 Scuti (LBV G24.73+0.69) |  |
17,000 | LBV_B[e]: | [3] | |
| AG Carinae | .jpg) | 17,000 | B | 6.96 | |
| EM* VRMF 55 (MN44) |  |
18,000 or 35,000 | LBV | 15 | [5][6] |
| [GKF2010] MN48 |  |
20,000 | LBV | 15.83 | [3][4] |
| GCIRS 34W (WR 101db) | 25,000 | Ofpe/WN9 | [5][7] in the Galactic Center | ||
| Pistol Star (V4647 Sgr) |  | 25,114 | B | >28 | part of the Quintuplet Cluster |
| LBV G0.120-0.048 (V4998 Sgr) |  |
26,000 | WN5b | [5] near the Quintuplet Cluster | |
| FMM 362 (V4650 Sgr) | 26,000 | LBV | [5] near the Quintuplet Cluster | ||
| AFGL 2298 (V1672 Aql) | 30,000 | B8I | [5] | ||
| V432 Carinae (Wray 15-751) |  |
33,000 | LBV | 10.20 | Also known as AT 2019ooa[3][4] |
| [GKM2012] WS1 |  |
39,000 | LBV | 15.31 | [3][4] |
| [GKF2010] MN58 |  |
LBV | [5] | ||
Milky Way galaxy (candidate LBVs)
| Star system | Nebula | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HD 148937 |  |
3,870 | O6f?p | 6.71 | [5] central star of NGC 6164 |
| MWC 349A (V1478 Cygni) |  |
4,560 | B0-1.5 I + B0 III | 13.15 | [5] maybe ejected from Cygnus OB2 |
| HD 326823 | 4,700 | WNpec | 9.03 | [3][4] | |
| HD 168625 |  |
5,000 | B6Ia+ | 8.30–8.41 | [3][4] near the Omega Nebula |
| Cygnus OB2-12 | 5,500 | B3–4 Ia+ | 11.702 | [3][4] in Cygnus OB2 | |
| AS 314 | 5,600 | B9Ia | 9.85 | [5] | |
| Zeta1 Scorpii | 5,600 | B1.5 Iae | 4.705 | [3][4] | |
| G79.29+0.46 | .png){kind=small} |
5,700 | B:I[e] | 15.1 | [3][4] in Cygnus X |
| WRAY 16-232 |  |
6,850 | Be | 12.5 | [5][4] |
| HD 80077 | 8,700 | B2.5Ia+ | 9.00 | [3][4] | |
| HD 316285 |  |
10,800 | B0Ieq | 9.60 | [3][4] |
| MWC 314 (V1429 Aquilae) | 15,000 | B3Ibe | 9.79 - 10.1 | [3][4] | |
| [SBW2007] 1 |  |
18,500 | B1Iab | 12.7 | [3][4] |
| Sher 25 |  |
21,000 | cLBV | 12.23 | [3][4] in NGC 3603 |
| W51 LS1 (V1936 Aquilae) |  |
22,000 | O4I | 15.1 | [3][4] |
| WRAY 17-96 |  |
22,000 | cLBV | ~13.0 | [3][4] |
| [B61] 2 |  |
22,000 | LBV_B[e]: | 15.00 | [5][4] |
| WR 102ka |  |
26,000 | WN10 | [5] near the Galactic Center | |
| GCIRS 16SW | 27,000 | Ofpe/WN9 | [5] in the Galactic Center | ||
| LBV 1806−20 | 28,000 | cLBV | [5] part of the 1806−20 cluster | ||
| Hen 3-519 | .jpg){kind=small} |
28,000 | WN11h | 10.85 | [3][4] |
| MSX6C G026.4700+00.0207 |  |
30,000 | LBV_B | [5][8] |
Magellanic Clouds
The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is around 163 kly distant and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is around 204 kly distant
| Host galaxy | Star system | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LMC | S Doradus | B8/9eq – F0/5:Iae | 8.6 – 11.5 | |
| LMC | HD 269858 (R127) | B | 10.15 | |
| LMC | HD 269006 (R71) | LBV | 10.55 | [5] |
| LMC | HD 269216 (SK −69 75) | OBe | 11.123 | [5] |
| LMC | HD 269582 (SK −69 142a) | WN10h | 11.093 | [5] |
| LMC | HD 269662 (R110) | A0Ia | 10.28 | [5] |
| LMC | HD 269700 (R116) | B1.5Iaeq | 10.54 | [5] |
| LMC | R143 (CPD-69 463) | F7Ia | 12.014 | [5] |
| SMC | HD 5980 (R14) | WN4+O7I: | 11.31 | [5] |
| SMC | HD 6884 (R40) | B9Ia0ek | 10.2 | [5] |
Andromeda Galaxy and Triangulum Galaxy
The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is 2.5 Mly distant and the Triangulum Galaxy is around 3.2 Mly distant
| Host galaxy | Star system | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andromeda | LGGS J004051.59+403303.0 | LBV | 16.989 | [5] |
| Andromeda | AE Andromedae (HV 4476) | LBV | 17.0–17.9 | [5] |
| Andromeda | AF Andromedae (HV 4013) | LBV | 17.325 | [5] |
| Andromeda | Var 15 ([WB92a] 370) | LBV | 18.450 | [5] |
| Andromeda | Var A-1 | LBV | 17.143 | [5] |
| Andromeda | UCAC4 660-003111 | LBV | 16.39 | [5] |
| Triangulum | Var C | LBV | 16.429 | [5] |
| Triangulum | Var B | LBV | 16.208 | [5] |
| Triangulum | Var 83 | LBV | 15.4–16.6 | [5] |
| Triangulum | Var 2 (Y Trianguli) | Ofpe/WN9 | 18.22 | [5] |
| Triangulum | Romano’s Star (M33 V0532) | Ofpe/WN9 | 16.5–18.8 | [5] |
Other Galaxies
| Host Galaxy | Star system | Median distance (ly) | Spectral type | Apparent magnitude (V) | Comments and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NGC 3109 | AT 2018akx | 4,350,000 | LBV | 17.5 - 19.28 | [9] |
| NGC 2403 | AT 2016ccd | 9,650,000 | LBV | 18.0 - 19.95 | Also known as SNhunt225.[10][11] |
| NGC 2403 V14 | LBV | [12] | |||
| NGC 4214 | SN 2010U | 9,700,000 | LBV | 16 | [13] |
| NGC 2363 | NGC 2363-V1 | 10,800,000 | LBV | 17.88 | One of the most luminous stars known. |
| NGC 45 | AT 2018htr | 21,700,000 | LBV | 17.469 | [14] |
| Whirlpool Galaxy | M51 OT2019-1 | 23,500,000 | LBV | [15] | |
| NGC 2537 | AT 2017be | 27,900,000 | LBV | 18.349 - 18.5 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[16] |
| NGC 4559 | AT 2016blu | 29,000,000 | LBV | 15.9 – 19 | Repeated outbursts have been observed since January 2012.[17][18] |
| NGC 7286 | AT 2019mil | 32,400,000 | LBV | 19 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[19] |
| UGC 5829 | AT 2021blu | 43,500,000 | LBV | 18.17 - 21.62 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[20] |
| NGC 4656 | Variable in NGC 4656 | 43,700,000 | LBV | 18 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[21] |
| NGC 4389 | AT 2022fnm | 44,700,000 | LBV | 18.495 - 17.855 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[22] |
| ESO 249- G 015 | AT 2020agp | 47,500,000 | LBV | 18.463 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[23] |
| NGC 908 | AT 2021ablz | 56,000,000 | LBV | 20.58 | [24] |
| UGC 5979 | SN 2007sv | 58,270,000 | LBV | 17.4 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[25][26] |
| IC 5267A | AT 2019oet | 60,000,000 | LBV | 18.335 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[27] |
| NGC 3003 | AT 2020jev | 61,200,000 | LBV | 18.74 - 20.33 | Distance from NED using mean distance.[28] |
| NGC 2748 | PSN J09132750+7627410 | 61,300,000 | LBV | 18.3 | [29] |
| NGC 3423 | AT 2019ahd | 65,600,000 | LBV | 17.83 - 18.73 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[30] |
| NGC 1385 | AT 2020pju | 66,400,000 | LBV | 17.3 - 19.73 | [31] |
| NGC 718 | AT 2019udc | 69,800,000 | LBV | 17.53 - 19.09 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[32] |
| PHL 293B | SDSS J2230–0006 | 75,510,000 | LBV | [33] | |
| NGC 2770 | SN 2015bh | 77,000,000 | LBV | [34] | |
| NGC 5334 | SN 2003gm | 80,196,000 | LBV | 17.0 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[35] |
| NGC 6509 | PSN J17592296+0617267 | 95,300,000 | LBV | 18.5 | [36] |
| NGC 4045 | AT 2019wbg | 111,500,000 | LBV | 17.7 -19.39 | Repeated outbursts observed since discovery. Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[37] |
| NGC 4532 | AT 2017des | 112,800,000 | LBV | 18.817 - 19.85 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[38][39] |
| ESO 602- G 015 | AT 2022rmk | 113,200,000 | LBV | 19.472 - 20.04 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[40] |
| UGC 9113 | AT 2017dau | 162,100,000 | LBV | 19.32 - 21.32 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[41] |
| MCG +07-07-070 | AT 2018kle | 180,200,000 | LBV | 18.797 - 18.91 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[42] |
| UGC 449 | AT 2022oku | 239,100,000 | LBV | 18.781 - 19.49 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[43] |
| WISEA J010803.49+010843.7 | AT 2020zmn | 262,600,000 | LBV | 20.31 - 20.85 | Distance from NED using redshift of host galaxy.[44] |
| Sunburst Galaxy | Godzilla | 10,900,000,000 | LBV | [45] | |
