Outline of sports

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to sports:

What is a sport?

A sport is a physical activity or game, often competitive and organised, that maintains or improves physical ability and skills. Sport may provide enjoyment to participants and entertainment to spectators. The number of participants in a particular sport can vary from hundreds of people to a single individual. Sports can be described as all of the following:

  • Entertainment – Any sport that includes spectators, either free or paid admission, with no pre-scripted plot of the outcome. The athletics might also get entertained by complete sports objective.
  • Exercise – some sports are physical exercise while others are mental exercise.

Types of sports

Auto racing sports
Classification of unarmed martial arts
Selection of roller sports

List of sports

Main article: List of sports
Examples of water sports

Geography of sport

Sport by region

Sport in Colombia
Sport in Italy

Africa

West Africa
Benin • Burkina Faso • Cape Verde • Côte d'Ivoire • Gambia • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Liberia • Mali • Mauritania • Niger • Nigeria • Senegal • Sierra Leone • Togo
North Africa
Algeria • Egypt • Libya • Mauritania • Morocco • Sudan • Tunisia • Western Sahara
Central Africa
Angola • Burundi • Cameroon • Central African Republic • Chad • The Democratic Republic of the Congo • Equatorial Guinea • Gabon • Republic of the Congo • Rwanda • São Tomé and Príncipe
East Africa
Burundi • Comoros • Djibouti • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Kenya • Madagascar • Malawi • Mauritius • Mozambique • Rwanda • Seychelles • Somalia • Tanzania • Uganda • Zambia • Zimbabwe
Southern Africa
Botswana • Eswatini • Lesotho • Namibia • South Africa
Dependencies
Mayotte (France) • St. Helena (UK) • Puntland • Somaliland • Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Antarctica
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan[1] • Kyrgyzstan • Tajikistan • Turkmenistan • Uzbekistan
East Asia
China[2]
Tibet
Hong Kong[3] • Macau[4]
Japan • North Korea • South Korea • Mongolia • Taiwan[5]
North Asia
Russia[6]
Southeast Asia[7]
Brunei • Burma (Myanmar) • Cambodia[8] • East Timor (Timor-Leste)[9] • Indonesia[10] • Laos • Malaysia • Philippines • Singapore • Thailand • Vietnam
South Asia
Afghanistan • Bangladesh • Bhutan• Iran • Maldives • Nepal • Pakistan • Sri Lanka
India[11]
Andhra Pradesh • Bihar • Delhi • Gujarat • Jammu and Kashmir • KarnatakaKerala • Madhya Pradesh • Maharashtra • Manipur • Mizoram • Odisha • Punjab • Tamil Nadu • West Bengal
West Asia
Armenia[12] • Azerbaijan[13] • Bahrain • Cyprus[14] (including disputed Northern Cyprus) • Georgia[15] • Iraq • Israel • Jordan • Kuwait • Lebanon • Oman • Palestine[16] • Qatar • Saudi Arabia • Syria • Turkey[17] • United Arab Emirates • Yemen

Caucasus (a region considered to be in both Asia and Europe, or between them)

North Caucasus
Parts of Russia (Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Adyghea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai)
South Caucasus
Georgia (including disputed Abkhazia, South Ossetia) • Armenia • Azerbaijan (including disputed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic)

Europe

Akrotiri and Dhekelia • Åland • Albania • Andorra • Armenia • Austria • Azerbaijan • Belarus • Belgium • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Bulgaria • Croatia • Cyprus • Czech Republic • Denmark • Estonia • Faroe Islands • Finland • France • Georgia • Germany • Gibraltar • Greece • Guernsey • Hungary • Iceland • Ireland • Isle of Man • Italy • Jersey • Kazakhstan • Kosovo • Latvia • Liechtenstein • Lithuania • Luxembourg • Macedonia • Malta • Moldova (including disputed Transnistria) • Monaco • Montenegro • Netherlands • Norway • Poland • Portugal • Romania • Russia • San Marino • Serbia • Slovakia • Slovenia • Spain • Svalbard • Sweden • Switzerland • Turkey • Ukraine
United Kingdom
England (Birmingham, Bristol, Cornwall, London, Milton Keynes, Sussex, Worthing) • Northern Ireland (Belfast) • Scotland (Glasgow) • Wales (Cardiff)
Vatican City
European Union

North America

Canada
Mexico
United States
Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Montana • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming
District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.)
Dependencies
Greenland• Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Central America
Belize • Costa Rica • El Salvador • Guatemala • Honduras • Nicaragua • Panama
Caribbean
Anguilla • Antigua and Barbuda • Aruba • Bahamas • Barbados • Bermuda • British Virgin Islands • Cayman Islands • Cuba • Dominica • Dominican Republic • Grenada • Haiti • Jamaica • Montserrat • Netherlands Antilles • Puerto Rico • Saint Barthélemy • Saint Kitts and Nevis • Saint Lucia • Saint Martin • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Trinidad and Tobago • Turks and Caicos Islands • United States Virgin Islands
Oceania (includes the continent of Australia)
Australasia[18]
Australia
ATC • New South Wales • (Sydney) • Northern Territory • Queensland (Brisbane) • South Australia • Tasmania • Victoria • Western Australia
Dependencies/Territories of Australia
Christmas Island[19] • Cocos (Keeling) Islands • Norfolk Island
New Zealand[20]
Melanesia[21]
Fiji • Indonesia (Oceanian part only)[22] • New Caledonia (France) • Papua New Guinea[23] • Solomon Islands • Vanuatu •
Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia • Guam (US) • Kiribati • Marshall Islands • Nauru • Northern Mariana Islands (USA) • Palau • Wake Island (USA) •
Polynesia[24]
American Samoa (USA) • Chatham Islands (NZ) • Cook Islands (NZ) • Easter Island (Chile) • French Polynesia (France) • Hawaii (USA) • Loyalty Islands (France) • Niue (NZ) • Pitcairn Islands (UK) • Adamstown • Samoa • Tokelau (NZ) • Tonga • Tuvalu • Wallis and Futuna (France)

South America

Argentina • Bolivia • Brazil • Chile • Colombia • Ecuador • Falkland Islands • Guyana • Paraguay • Peru • Suriname • Uruguay • Venezuela

South Atlantic

Ascension Island • Saint Helena • Tristan da Cunha

History of sports

Main article: History of sport
A cover of a sport history book

Timelines of sports

Timeline of NBA

Regulation

Main article: Regulation of sport

Rulebooks

1863 Laws of the Game

Starting play

Starting play in shinty by a throw up
Jump serve in volleyball
Starting play in Dodgeball

Scoring

Main article: Score (sport)
In baseball a grand slam is a type of home run with all bases loaded, scoring a total of 4 runs, the maximum in a single play
Scoring in football codes
Soccer (goal)
Touchdown
Rugby
Ways to win MMA fights
Knockout
Submission
Decision

Infraction

Penalty shots
Penalty kick
7-meter throw (handball)
Penalty throw (waterpolo)
Free throw
Penalty stroke
Penalty shot (bandy)
An ejection in association football by drawing a red card

Partials and time management

Mound visit in baseball

Handicapping

Main article: Handicapping

Weight class

Main article: Weight class
Weight-ins in Boxing and MMA

Venues

Main article: Sports venue
Multi-purpose sport venues
Bristol Motor Speedway when it was temporarily used as american football and baseball fields
Sport complex
Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the sport venue with the largest capacity in the world

Pitches

Main article: Pitch (sports field)
Several sport pitches
Panorama of american football field
Curling sheet

* Infield

Types of MMA combat areas
Octagonal
Hexagonal
Circular
Ring
Open mat
Types of combat areas where MMA fights happen. The first row shows cages.

Venue features

Baseball scoreboard

Equipment

Main article: Sports equipment
Historic sport equipment
Balls
group of sport balls
Non spherical reflex ball used in goalkeeper training

Variations of sports

Official Association football variations
Soccer
Beach soccer
Futsal
Official Baseball variations
Hardball
Softball
Baseball5

Comparison of sports

Comparing field dimensions and fielding positioning between baseball and cricket

Governing bodies

Main article: Sports governing body
See also: List of international sport federations
A SportAccord convention

World governing bodies of various notable sports:

World Skate is the governing body over roller sports

Sport technology

Officiating technology

ABS System
VAR

Sport linguistics

Glosaries

Historic bowling glossaries

Sport participants

See also: List of sportspeople
Journalists, referees, players and their scorts
Cheerleaders and mascot

Game play

Estrategy and tactics

Main article: Sports strategy
American football play diagram

Sport techniques and skills

Capoeira techniques

Performance

Shutout in soccer

Analytics

Main article: Sports analytics

Rating system

Main article: Sports rating system
Setting a world record at Paralympics games

Awards

Further information: List of sport awards

Trophies

Main article: Trophy
Olympic trophies
Medals
Olive crown as an award at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic Challenge football trophy offered by The Football Association to the winner of 1920 Summer Olympics football tournament
US Open Men Singles trophy
A fighter with championship belts
A collection of Superbowl championship rings
World Series of Pocket Bracelet

Halls of fame

International Ice Hockey Federation Hall of Fame

Sport instruction

Further information: Sport pedagogy
A class of physical education

Sporting events

Multi-sport events
Olympic Games
The World Games (organized by the International World Games Association) is one of the most important multi-sport event for non-olympic sports
Round-robin tournament

Sport management and business

Main article: Sport management
Sponsorship on F1 helmet

Retribution in sport

Map showing where major professional sports teams are in the US and Canada

Contract and labor relationship

Sport science

Main article: Sports science

Sport medicine

Main article: Sports medicine
Sport drinks and energy bars

Sport psychology

Main article: Sport psychology

Sport psychology is the study of how psychological factors can impact engagement in professional and recreational sports, as well as how sports impact an athlete's psychological state.[27] After becoming popular in the early 20th century, it is now a recognized scientific field which is relevant to many different sports.[28] Modern sports psychologists often use a combination of goal setting, visualization techniques and preperformance routines to help athletes achieve their goals.[29][30][31]

Sport ethics and conduct

Hooliganism

Sport culture

Popular sports by country
Tifo at basketball match
A football chant
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Type of sport logo motifs
Crest
Ligature
Monogram

Nicknames

sport rivalries

Further information: List of sports rivalries
El Clasico

Traditional games

Main article: Traditional sports and games
Sepak Takraw a traditional sport of Southeast Asia

Religion and sport

Touchdown Jesus

Sport and media

Broadcasting of soccer match

Sport magazines

Main article: Sports magazine

Sport television programs

Humanities and social siences

Sport and Law

Court of Arbitration for Sport headquarters
General
American football
Association football
Baseball
Basketball
Other sports

Sport and politics

Main article: Politics and sports
It is alleged political interference in the defeat of Peruvian team against Argentina at 1978 World Cup

Sociology of sport

Main article: Sociology of sport

The sociology of sport is a subfield of sociology which aims to study sports through the lens of interactions between different groups and cultures.[32] The field has also investigated how various gender divides in sports can influence feminist movements.[33]

See also

References

External links

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