Tatar Roma
Ethnic group
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tatar Roma are a Roma minority with a Turkic language, mostly found in Bulgaria[2] and in Romania.[3] In contrast to Crimean Roma they were in contact with Nogai Tatars rather than Crimean Tatars.
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
 Romania | 320[1] |
 Bulgaria | (unknown) |
| Languages | |
| Romani Tatar | |
| Religion | |
| Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Dobrujan Tatars, Crimean Roma | |
Etymology
History
While Crimean Roma groups spoke Crimean Tatar, Tatar Roma were most likely with Nogais in Budjak and spoke Nogai Tatar. The Krimurja group of Crimean Roma in Crimea had settled from Budjak to Crimea (it is claimed that the Krimurja came to Crimea with the Nogais) and they had Nogai influence in their Romani (also interesting that they were Muslims before coming to Crimea),[5] the ancestors of Tatar Roma do have probably connection with them. They were called in humiliated way as şingene „Gypsy“ (in Crimea çingene) or praun „Pharaoh“ (in Crimea frauni).[5] There are also towns named in 19. century as Faraonovka (in Ukrainian known as Faraonivka) „Pharaoh“ and Kair „Cairo“ (nowadays Krywa Balka, Odessa) in Budzhak, because there was the idea that Roma came from Egypt.[6]
Tatar Roma arrived with other Tatars in Dobruja, mostly after the Crimean War, under the conditions of the Paris Treaty of 1856.[7]
Subgroups
Language
They don’t know Romani,[2] they lost the Romani language at the end of 19. century.[5] They speak Romani Tatar, it shows some kind of Gagauz/Turkish influence, some Romani vocabulary and retroflex pronunciation. The alphabet proposed by the community: [8]
| Letter | IPA | Information |
|---|---|---|
| A / a | [a] | |
| Á / á (uzun a) | [aː] | long a |
| B / b (bi) | [b] | |
| C / c (ci) | [ʈʂ] | retroflex letter |
| D / d (di) | [d] | |
| Đ / đ (tartik di) | [ɖ] | retroflex d |
| E / e | [e] | |
| É / é (uzun e) | [eː] | long e |
| F / f (fi) | [f] | |
| G / g (gi) | [ɡ] | |
| H / h (zayif xi) | [h] | weak x |
| I / i | [ɯ] | |
| Í / í (uzun i) | [iː] | long i |
| J / j (ji) | [ɖʐ] | retroflex letter |
| K / k (ki) | [k] | |
| L / l (li) | [l] | |
| Ļ / ļ (tartik li) | [ɭ] | retroflex l |
| M / m (mi) | [m] | |
| N / n (ni) | [n] | |
| Ń / ń (tartik ni) | [ɳ] | retroflex n |
| O / o | [o̞] | |
| P / p (pi) | [p] | |
| R / r (ri) | [ɾ] | |
| S / s (si) | [s] | |
| Ş / ş (şi) | [ʂ] | retroflex letter |
| T / t (ti) | [t] | |
| Ŧ / ŧ (tartik ti) | [ʈ] | retroflex t |
| U / u | [u] | |
| Ú / ú (uzun u) | [uː] | long u |
| V / v (vi) | [ʋ] | |
| X / x (xi) | [x] | |
| Y / y (yi) | [j] | |
| Z / z (zi) | [z] | |
| Ź / ź (źi) | [ʐ] | retroflex letter |
Their language is commonly mistaken as Crimean Tatar.[9]
Religion
Tatar Roma are generally Muslims.[2] The community also shows South Asian traditions which is typical for Romani mythology.
Status
They represent themselves as Tatar to avoid discrimination.[2] Some Tatars separate them from their community for being Romani[2] and consider them not particularly devout Muslims.[10][11] As well some Roma people separate Tatar Roma, because according to them there is a missing "Romanipen".
Tatar Roma did also suffer from the "Bulgarisation" in 1980's.
In Romania some researchers are interested with Tatar Roma.[4]
See also
Notes
- Slavkova counts also "Crimea" and "Nogai" as Tatar Roma, but these are ethnic Tatars.
